PPT: Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles & Techniques | Chemistry Class 11 - NEET PDF Download

 Page 1


Organic Chemistry
Page 2


Organic Chemistry
Introductions 
1. Organic chemicals compounds appear in materials 
like clothing, fuels, polymers dyes and medicines.
2. F. Wohler synthesised an organic compound, urea 
from an inorganic compound, ammonium cyanate.
Page 3


Organic Chemistry
Introductions 
1. Organic chemicals compounds appear in materials 
like clothing, fuels, polymers dyes and medicines.
2. F. Wohler synthesised an organic compound, urea 
from an inorganic compound, ammonium cyanate.
STRUCTURAL  REPRESENTATION OF
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Complete, condensed and bond line 
structural formulas
?Organic compounds structures are represented 
in several ways.
1. The Lewis structure or dot structure, dash structure, 
condensed    structure and bond line structural 
formulas are some of the specific types.    
2. The Lewis structures, however, can be simplified
by representing the two-electron covalent
bond by a dash (–).
Page 4


Organic Chemistry
Introductions 
1. Organic chemicals compounds appear in materials 
like clothing, fuels, polymers dyes and medicines.
2. F. Wohler synthesised an organic compound, urea 
from an inorganic compound, ammonium cyanate.
STRUCTURAL  REPRESENTATION OF
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Complete, condensed and bond line 
structural formulas
?Organic compounds structures are represented 
in several ways.
1. The Lewis structure or dot structure, dash structure, 
condensed    structure and bond line structural 
formulas are some of the specific types.    
2. The Lewis structures, however, can be simplified
by representing the two-electron covalent
bond by a dash (–).
Thus, ethane (C2H6),  ethene (C2H4),  ethyne (C2H2)
Such structural representations are called 
complete structural formula
H       H                            
H       C        C         H  
H        H
Ethane
H                         H
C           C
H                         H
Ethene
H        C          C H
Ethyne
Page 5


Organic Chemistry
Introductions 
1. Organic chemicals compounds appear in materials 
like clothing, fuels, polymers dyes and medicines.
2. F. Wohler synthesised an organic compound, urea 
from an inorganic compound, ammonium cyanate.
STRUCTURAL  REPRESENTATION OF
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Complete, condensed and bond line 
structural formulas
?Organic compounds structures are represented 
in several ways.
1. The Lewis structure or dot structure, dash structure, 
condensed    structure and bond line structural 
formulas are some of the specific types.    
2. The Lewis structures, however, can be simplified
by representing the two-electron covalent
bond by a dash (–).
Thus, ethane (C2H6),  ethene (C2H4),  ethyne (C2H2)
Such structural representations are called 
complete structural formula
H       H                            
H       C        C         H  
H        H
Ethane
H                         H
C           C
H                         H
Ethene
H        C          C H
Ethyne
These structures can also be represented by the following 
ways 
CH3 CH3 H2C       H2C HC       HC
Ethane               Ethene                  Ethyne
organic chemists use another way of representing the 
structures, in which only lines are used. In this bond-line 
structural representation of organic compounds, carbon and 
hydrogen atoms are not shown and the lines representing 
carbon-carbon bonds are drawn in a zig-zag fashion.
For example
i)  CH3CH2CHCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
|
CH3
3-Methyloctane can be represented in various 
forms as: