PPT: Biomolecules | Chemistry Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

 Page 1


1
BIOMOLECULES
Page 2


1
BIOMOLECULES
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazing thing  
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls  
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates,  
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food. These
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life  
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an  
important role in the functions of organisms
Page 3


1
BIOMOLECULES
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazing thing  
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls  
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates,  
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food. These
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life  
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an  
important role in the functions of organisms
Biomolecules are the lifeless organic compounds which form the basis of life, 
i.e., they  build up the living system and responsible for their growth and
maintenance. E.g. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, lipids etc.
The sequence that relates biomolecules to living organism is
Biomolecules ?Cells ? Tissues ? Organs ? Living organism
4
Biomolecules
Page 4


1
BIOMOLECULES
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazing thing  
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls  
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates,  
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food. These
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life  
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an  
important role in the functions of organisms
Biomolecules are the lifeless organic compounds which form the basis of life, 
i.e., they  build up the living system and responsible for their growth and
maintenance. E.g. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, lipids etc.
The sequence that relates biomolecules to living organism is
Biomolecules ?Cells ? Tissues ? Organs ? Living organism
4
Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
?Carbohydrates are produced by plants and form a very large group of  naturally 
occurring organic compounds.
? Examples: cane sugar, glucose, starch
? Most of them have a general formula, Cx(H
2
O)y, and were considered as
hydrates of carbon. (Old definition)
?The molecular formula of glucose (C
6
H
12
O
6
) fits into this general formula,  
C
6
(H
2
O)
6
.
5
Page 5


1
BIOMOLECULES
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazing thing  
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls  
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates,  
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food. These
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life  
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an  
important role in the functions of organisms
Biomolecules are the lifeless organic compounds which form the basis of life, 
i.e., they  build up the living system and responsible for their growth and
maintenance. E.g. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, lipids etc.
The sequence that relates biomolecules to living organism is
Biomolecules ?Cells ? Tissues ? Organs ? Living organism
4
Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
?Carbohydrates are produced by plants and form a very large group of  naturally 
occurring organic compounds.
? Examples: cane sugar, glucose, starch
? Most of them have a general formula, Cx(H
2
O)y, and were considered as
hydrates of carbon. (Old definition)
?The molecular formula of glucose (C
6
H
12
O
6
) fits into this general formula,  
C
6
(H
2
O)
6
.
5 6
But all the compounds which fit into this formula may not be classified as  
carbohydrates. Acetic acid (CH
3
COOH) fits into this general formula,  
C
2
(H
2
O)
2 
but is not a carbohydrate.
Similarly, Rhamnose, C
6
H
12
O
5 
is a carbohydrate but does not fit in this
definition.