PPT: Biomolecules

 Page 1


BIOMOLECULES
1
Page 2


BIOMOLECULES
1
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazingthing 
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls 
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates, 
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food.These 
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life 
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an 
important role in the functions of organisms
Page 3


BIOMOLECULES
1
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazingthing 
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls 
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates, 
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food.These 
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life 
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an 
important role in the functions of organisms
4
Biomolecules are the lifeless organic compounds which form the basis of life, 
i.e., they build up the living system and responsible for their growth and 
maintenance. E.g. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, lipids etc.
The sequence that relates biomolecules to living organism is
Biomolecules ?Cells ? Tissues ? Organs ? Living organism
Biomolecules
Page 4


BIOMOLECULES
1
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazingthing 
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls 
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates, 
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food.These 
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life 
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an 
important role in the functions of organisms
4
Biomolecules are the lifeless organic compounds which form the basis of life, 
i.e., they build up the living system and responsible for their growth and 
maintenance. E.g. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, lipids etc.
The sequence that relates biomolecules to living organism is
Biomolecules ?Cells ? Tissues ? Organs ? Living organism
Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
?Carbohydrates are produced by plants and form a very large group of naturally 
occurring organic compounds.
? Examples: cane sugar, glucose, starch
? Most of them have a general formula, Cx(H
2
O)y, and were considered as
hydrates of carbon. (Old definition)
?The molecular formula of glucose (C
6
H
12
O
6
) fits into this general formula,
C
6
(H
2
O)
6
.
5
Page 5


BIOMOLECULES
1
Introduction
3
• A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself. The most amazingthing 
about a living system is that it is composed of non-living atoms and molecules
• The pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within a living system falls 
in the domain of biochemistry
• Living systems are made up of various complex biomolecules like carbohydrates, 
proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.
• Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of our food.These 
biomolecules interact with each other and constitute the molecular logic of life 
processes
• In addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and mineral salts also play an 
important role in the functions of organisms
4
Biomolecules are the lifeless organic compounds which form the basis of life, 
i.e., they build up the living system and responsible for their growth and 
maintenance. E.g. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, lipids etc.
The sequence that relates biomolecules to living organism is
Biomolecules ?Cells ? Tissues ? Organs ? Living organism
Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
?Carbohydrates are produced by plants and form a very large group of naturally 
occurring organic compounds.
? Examples: cane sugar, glucose, starch
? Most of them have a general formula, Cx(H
2
O)y, and were considered as
hydrates of carbon. (Old definition)
?The molecular formula of glucose (C
6
H
12
O
6
) fits into this general formula,
C
6
(H
2
O)
6
.
5 6
But all the compounds which fit into this formula may not be classified as 
carbohydrates. Acetic acid (CH
3
COOH) fits into this general formula, 
C
2
(H
2
O)
2
but is not a carbohydrate.
Similarly, Rhamnose, C
6
H
12
O
5
is a carbohydrate but does not fit in this 
definition.