NCERT Textbook: Diversity in the Living World | Science Class 6 PDF Download

 Page 1


Diversity in the Living World
2
????????? ?
? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ? 
??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?
????? ? ? ?
(?
??????? )
Trees stand in the Sun and give shade to others. Their 
fruits are also for others. Likewise, good people bear all 
hardships and bring welfare to others. They give to others 
whatever they have earned.
(Wise saying)
It is a pleasant morning after yesterday’s refreshing rain. 
Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha (uncle) have been invited 
to the school by the science teacher, Madam Sulekha, to 
Chapter
Chapter 2.indd   9 10-07-2024   18:14:30
Page 2


Diversity in the Living World
2
????????? ?
? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ? 
??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?
????? ? ? ?
(?
??????? )
Trees stand in the Sun and give shade to others. Their 
fruits are also for others. Likewise, good people bear all 
hardships and bring welfare to others. They give to others 
whatever they have earned.
(Wise saying)
It is a pleasant morning after yesterday’s refreshing rain. 
Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha (uncle) have been invited 
to the school by the science teacher, Madam Sulekha, to 
Chapter
Chapter 2.indd   9 10-07-2024   18:14:30
Curiosity | Textbook of Science | Grade 6
10
Wow! It is 
amazing how 
each bird has 
its own unique 
chirp.
facilitate an exciting nature walk. Dr Raghu is a scientist at 
the nearby Research Laboratory and Maniram chacha is an 
elderly person from a nearby community. Maniram chacha 
is an expert in mimicking bird calls. He is also brilliant at 
identifying a variety of plants and animals. 
To prepare them for the nature walk, Dr Raghu informs 
the students that the objective of this walk is to experience 
the beauty and variety of plants and animals in the nature. 
The students are excited to join them. They are curious 
to interact and learn from them. The teacher advises the 
students to carry a notebook, a pen and a water bottle.
As they walk, they begin exploring the plants and animals 
around them. Dr Raghu advises the students to notice the 
variety of smells in the park and emphasises respecting all 
living creatures and observing them without disturbing. 
Maniram chacha tells the students to not only observe different 
plants and animals but also to carefully listen to different 
sounds. The students come across a variety of plants, including 
grasses, bushes, and large trees. They also observe a variety 
of birds sitting on the branches of trees, butterflies moving 
from flower to flower and monkeys jumping from one tree 
to another . They record their observations in their notebooks 
and discuss them with Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha.
The students can hear the chirping of birds. Dr Raghu 
informs them that each bird has a unique chirp. This is an 
example of diversity in nature. Dr Raghu requests Maniram 
chacha to mimic calls of some birds. Maniram chacha 
mimics different bird calls. The students enthusiastically 
start copying him.
Have you ever observed different plants and animals 
around you? Share and discuss your observations with your 
friends and teacher .
2.1 Diversity in Plants and Animals Around Us
Activity 2.1: Let us explore and record 
 ? Plan for a nature walk with your teacher to a park or a 
nearby forest.
 ? While on the nature walk, observe different plants, 
insects, birds, and other animals. Also, note the weather 
conditions, whether it is hot, cold, windy and so on.
Chapter 2.indd   10 10-07-2024   18:14:45
Page 3


Diversity in the Living World
2
????????? ?
? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ? 
??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?
????? ? ? ?
(?
??????? )
Trees stand in the Sun and give shade to others. Their 
fruits are also for others. Likewise, good people bear all 
hardships and bring welfare to others. They give to others 
whatever they have earned.
(Wise saying)
It is a pleasant morning after yesterday’s refreshing rain. 
Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha (uncle) have been invited 
to the school by the science teacher, Madam Sulekha, to 
Chapter
Chapter 2.indd   9 10-07-2024   18:14:30
Curiosity | Textbook of Science | Grade 6
10
Wow! It is 
amazing how 
each bird has 
its own unique 
chirp.
facilitate an exciting nature walk. Dr Raghu is a scientist at 
the nearby Research Laboratory and Maniram chacha is an 
elderly person from a nearby community. Maniram chacha 
is an expert in mimicking bird calls. He is also brilliant at 
identifying a variety of plants and animals. 
To prepare them for the nature walk, Dr Raghu informs 
the students that the objective of this walk is to experience 
the beauty and variety of plants and animals in the nature. 
The students are excited to join them. They are curious 
to interact and learn from them. The teacher advises the 
students to carry a notebook, a pen and a water bottle.
As they walk, they begin exploring the plants and animals 
around them. Dr Raghu advises the students to notice the 
variety of smells in the park and emphasises respecting all 
living creatures and observing them without disturbing. 
Maniram chacha tells the students to not only observe different 
plants and animals but also to carefully listen to different 
sounds. The students come across a variety of plants, including 
grasses, bushes, and large trees. They also observe a variety 
of birds sitting on the branches of trees, butterflies moving 
from flower to flower and monkeys jumping from one tree 
to another . They record their observations in their notebooks 
and discuss them with Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha.
The students can hear the chirping of birds. Dr Raghu 
informs them that each bird has a unique chirp. This is an 
example of diversity in nature. Dr Raghu requests Maniram 
chacha to mimic calls of some birds. Maniram chacha 
mimics different bird calls. The students enthusiastically 
start copying him.
Have you ever observed different plants and animals 
around you? Share and discuss your observations with your 
friends and teacher .
2.1 Diversity in Plants and Animals Around Us
Activity 2.1: Let us explore and record 
 ? Plan for a nature walk with your teacher to a park or a 
nearby forest.
 ? While on the nature walk, observe different plants, 
insects, birds, and other animals. Also, note the weather 
conditions, whether it is hot, cold, windy and so on.
Chapter 2.indd   10 10-07-2024   18:14:45
Diversity in the Living World
11
 ? You can collect different types of fallen leaves or 
flowers and create a scrapbook. 
 ? Take care of the plants and animals in nature. Ensure 
that you do not disturb the plants and animals in the 
park. Do not pluck leaves and flowers. 
 ? Record your observations in Table 2.1 about the 
features of stems, leaves, flowers and anything 
interesting in various plants. Some examples have been 
given for you in Fig. 2.1 and Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: Observations of different plants around us
S. no.
Local 
name of 
plant
Stem
Leaves (shape/ 
arrangement of 
leaves)
Flowers
Any other 
observations 
and features
1.
Common 
grass
Soft and 
thin
A single leaf grows 
alternatively from 
different points on 
the stem
Green leaves
2. Tulsi
Hard 
and thin
Arrangement of 
a pair of leaves 
in the opposite 
directions
Pinkish 
purple
3. Hibiscus Hard
4. Neem
Hard 
and 
thick
Leaves with 
smooth 
surfaces
5. Any other
facilitate an exciting nature walk. Dr Raghu is a scientist at 
the nearby Research Laboratory and Maniram chacha is an 
elderly person from a nearby community. Maniram chacha 
is an expert in mimicking bird calls. He is also brilliant at 
identifying a variety of plants and animals. 
To prepare them for the nature walk, Dr Raghu informs 
the students that the objective of this walk is to experience 
the beauty and variety of plants and animals in the nature. 
The students are excited to join them. They are curious 
to interact and learn from them. The teacher advises the 
students to carry a notebook, a pen and a water bottle.
As they walk, they begin exploring the plants and animals 
around them. Dr Raghu advises the students to notice the 
variety of smells in the park and emphasises respecting all 
living creatures and observing them without disturbing. 
Maniram chacha tells the students to not only observe different 
plants and animals but also to carefully listen to different 
sounds. The students come across a variety of plants, including 
grasses, bushes, and large trees. They also observe a variety 
of birds sitting on the branches of trees, butterflies moving 
from flower to flower and monkeys jumping from one tree 
to another . They record their observations in their notebooks 
and discuss them with Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha.
The students can hear the chirping of birds. Dr Raghu 
informs them that each bird has a unique chirp. This is an 
example of diversity in nature. Dr Raghu requests Maniram 
chacha to mimic calls of some birds. Maniram chacha 
mimics different bird calls. The students enthusiastically 
start copying him.
Have you ever observed different plants and animals 
around you? Share and discuss your observations with your 
friends and teacher .
2.1 Diversity in Plants and Animals Around Us
Activity 2.1: Let us explore and record 
 ? Plan for a nature walk with your teacher to a park or a 
nearby forest.
 ? While on the nature walk, observe different plants, 
insects, birds, and other animals. Also, note the weather 
conditions, whether it is hot, cold, windy and so on.
Fig. 2.1: Examples of different features of some plants
(c) Hibiscus (Gudhal) (a) Grass (b) Tulsi (Holy Basil)
Chapter 2.indd   11 10-07-2024   18:15:04
Page 4


Diversity in the Living World
2
????????? ?
? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ? 
??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?
????? ? ? ?
(?
??????? )
Trees stand in the Sun and give shade to others. Their 
fruits are also for others. Likewise, good people bear all 
hardships and bring welfare to others. They give to others 
whatever they have earned.
(Wise saying)
It is a pleasant morning after yesterday’s refreshing rain. 
Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha (uncle) have been invited 
to the school by the science teacher, Madam Sulekha, to 
Chapter
Chapter 2.indd   9 10-07-2024   18:14:30
Curiosity | Textbook of Science | Grade 6
10
Wow! It is 
amazing how 
each bird has 
its own unique 
chirp.
facilitate an exciting nature walk. Dr Raghu is a scientist at 
the nearby Research Laboratory and Maniram chacha is an 
elderly person from a nearby community. Maniram chacha 
is an expert in mimicking bird calls. He is also brilliant at 
identifying a variety of plants and animals. 
To prepare them for the nature walk, Dr Raghu informs 
the students that the objective of this walk is to experience 
the beauty and variety of plants and animals in the nature. 
The students are excited to join them. They are curious 
to interact and learn from them. The teacher advises the 
students to carry a notebook, a pen and a water bottle.
As they walk, they begin exploring the plants and animals 
around them. Dr Raghu advises the students to notice the 
variety of smells in the park and emphasises respecting all 
living creatures and observing them without disturbing. 
Maniram chacha tells the students to not only observe different 
plants and animals but also to carefully listen to different 
sounds. The students come across a variety of plants, including 
grasses, bushes, and large trees. They also observe a variety 
of birds sitting on the branches of trees, butterflies moving 
from flower to flower and monkeys jumping from one tree 
to another . They record their observations in their notebooks 
and discuss them with Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha.
The students can hear the chirping of birds. Dr Raghu 
informs them that each bird has a unique chirp. This is an 
example of diversity in nature. Dr Raghu requests Maniram 
chacha to mimic calls of some birds. Maniram chacha 
mimics different bird calls. The students enthusiastically 
start copying him.
Have you ever observed different plants and animals 
around you? Share and discuss your observations with your 
friends and teacher .
2.1 Diversity in Plants and Animals Around Us
Activity 2.1: Let us explore and record 
 ? Plan for a nature walk with your teacher to a park or a 
nearby forest.
 ? While on the nature walk, observe different plants, 
insects, birds, and other animals. Also, note the weather 
conditions, whether it is hot, cold, windy and so on.
Chapter 2.indd   10 10-07-2024   18:14:45
Diversity in the Living World
11
 ? You can collect different types of fallen leaves or 
flowers and create a scrapbook. 
 ? Take care of the plants and animals in nature. Ensure 
that you do not disturb the plants and animals in the 
park. Do not pluck leaves and flowers. 
 ? Record your observations in Table 2.1 about the 
features of stems, leaves, flowers and anything 
interesting in various plants. Some examples have been 
given for you in Fig. 2.1 and Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: Observations of different plants around us
S. no.
Local 
name of 
plant
Stem
Leaves (shape/ 
arrangement of 
leaves)
Flowers
Any other 
observations 
and features
1.
Common 
grass
Soft and 
thin
A single leaf grows 
alternatively from 
different points on 
the stem
Green leaves
2. Tulsi
Hard 
and thin
Arrangement of 
a pair of leaves 
in the opposite 
directions
Pinkish 
purple
3. Hibiscus Hard
4. Neem
Hard 
and 
thick
Leaves with 
smooth 
surfaces
5. Any other
facilitate an exciting nature walk. Dr Raghu is a scientist at 
the nearby Research Laboratory and Maniram chacha is an 
elderly person from a nearby community. Maniram chacha 
is an expert in mimicking bird calls. He is also brilliant at 
identifying a variety of plants and animals. 
To prepare them for the nature walk, Dr Raghu informs 
the students that the objective of this walk is to experience 
the beauty and variety of plants and animals in the nature. 
The students are excited to join them. They are curious 
to interact and learn from them. The teacher advises the 
students to carry a notebook, a pen and a water bottle.
As they walk, they begin exploring the plants and animals 
around them. Dr Raghu advises the students to notice the 
variety of smells in the park and emphasises respecting all 
living creatures and observing them without disturbing. 
Maniram chacha tells the students to not only observe different 
plants and animals but also to carefully listen to different 
sounds. The students come across a variety of plants, including 
grasses, bushes, and large trees. They also observe a variety 
of birds sitting on the branches of trees, butterflies moving 
from flower to flower and monkeys jumping from one tree 
to another . They record their observations in their notebooks 
and discuss them with Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha.
The students can hear the chirping of birds. Dr Raghu 
informs them that each bird has a unique chirp. This is an 
example of diversity in nature. Dr Raghu requests Maniram 
chacha to mimic calls of some birds. Maniram chacha 
mimics different bird calls. The students enthusiastically 
start copying him.
Have you ever observed different plants and animals 
around you? Share and discuss your observations with your 
friends and teacher .
2.1 Diversity in Plants and Animals Around Us
Activity 2.1: Let us explore and record 
 ? Plan for a nature walk with your teacher to a park or a 
nearby forest.
 ? While on the nature walk, observe different plants, 
insects, birds, and other animals. Also, note the weather 
conditions, whether it is hot, cold, windy and so on.
Fig. 2.1: Examples of different features of some plants
(c) Hibiscus (Gudhal) (a) Grass (b) Tulsi (Holy Basil)
Chapter 2.indd   11 10-07-2024   18:15:04
Curiosity | Textbook of Science | Grade 6
12
What similarities and differences did you find among the 
plants that you observed?
You must have observed that plants have a variety of 
features such as—
 ? tall/short, hard/soft stem 
 ? different shapes of leaves and their arrangement on 
the stem or branches
 ? flowers varying in colour , shape, and scent
Now, create a list of animals you observed during this 
walk or from your previous experiences. Record the places 
where they live, the food they eat and the ways they move 
around in Table 2.2. Some examples have been provided 
for you.
Table 2.2: Observations of different animals around us
Name of  
the animal 
(local name)
Place where 
they live
Food they 
eat
The way 
they move 
around
Any other 
observations 
and features
Crow Tree Insects Fly and walk
Carrying a 
twig in its 
beak
Ant
Nest in soil 
and burrow
Leaves, seeds 
and insects
Have six legs
Cow
Grasses, 
leaves
Any other
What are the similarities and differences among the 
animals that you have observed and recorded in Table 2.2?
You would have observed that some animals live on land 
while some others live on trees. Birds live on trees. Fish live 
in water and some animals like frogs live on land as well as 
in water . Animals also have a variety of foods they consume 
and movements they exhibit.
Sketch the plants and animals observed by you in your 
notebook or prepare a scrapbook with leaves, flowers from 
different plants and feathers from animals. Write all the 
details you have gathered about them.
Chapter 2.indd   12 10-07-2024   18:15:04
Page 5


Diversity in the Living World
2
????????? ?
? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ? ?????? ?? ? 
??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?
????? ? ? ?
(?
??????? )
Trees stand in the Sun and give shade to others. Their 
fruits are also for others. Likewise, good people bear all 
hardships and bring welfare to others. They give to others 
whatever they have earned.
(Wise saying)
It is a pleasant morning after yesterday’s refreshing rain. 
Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha (uncle) have been invited 
to the school by the science teacher, Madam Sulekha, to 
Chapter
Chapter 2.indd   9 10-07-2024   18:14:30
Curiosity | Textbook of Science | Grade 6
10
Wow! It is 
amazing how 
each bird has 
its own unique 
chirp.
facilitate an exciting nature walk. Dr Raghu is a scientist at 
the nearby Research Laboratory and Maniram chacha is an 
elderly person from a nearby community. Maniram chacha 
is an expert in mimicking bird calls. He is also brilliant at 
identifying a variety of plants and animals. 
To prepare them for the nature walk, Dr Raghu informs 
the students that the objective of this walk is to experience 
the beauty and variety of plants and animals in the nature. 
The students are excited to join them. They are curious 
to interact and learn from them. The teacher advises the 
students to carry a notebook, a pen and a water bottle.
As they walk, they begin exploring the plants and animals 
around them. Dr Raghu advises the students to notice the 
variety of smells in the park and emphasises respecting all 
living creatures and observing them without disturbing. 
Maniram chacha tells the students to not only observe different 
plants and animals but also to carefully listen to different 
sounds. The students come across a variety of plants, including 
grasses, bushes, and large trees. They also observe a variety 
of birds sitting on the branches of trees, butterflies moving 
from flower to flower and monkeys jumping from one tree 
to another . They record their observations in their notebooks 
and discuss them with Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha.
The students can hear the chirping of birds. Dr Raghu 
informs them that each bird has a unique chirp. This is an 
example of diversity in nature. Dr Raghu requests Maniram 
chacha to mimic calls of some birds. Maniram chacha 
mimics different bird calls. The students enthusiastically 
start copying him.
Have you ever observed different plants and animals 
around you? Share and discuss your observations with your 
friends and teacher .
2.1 Diversity in Plants and Animals Around Us
Activity 2.1: Let us explore and record 
 ? Plan for a nature walk with your teacher to a park or a 
nearby forest.
 ? While on the nature walk, observe different plants, 
insects, birds, and other animals. Also, note the weather 
conditions, whether it is hot, cold, windy and so on.
Chapter 2.indd   10 10-07-2024   18:14:45
Diversity in the Living World
11
 ? You can collect different types of fallen leaves or 
flowers and create a scrapbook. 
 ? Take care of the plants and animals in nature. Ensure 
that you do not disturb the plants and animals in the 
park. Do not pluck leaves and flowers. 
 ? Record your observations in Table 2.1 about the 
features of stems, leaves, flowers and anything 
interesting in various plants. Some examples have been 
given for you in Fig. 2.1 and Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: Observations of different plants around us
S. no.
Local 
name of 
plant
Stem
Leaves (shape/ 
arrangement of 
leaves)
Flowers
Any other 
observations 
and features
1.
Common 
grass
Soft and 
thin
A single leaf grows 
alternatively from 
different points on 
the stem
Green leaves
2. Tulsi
Hard 
and thin
Arrangement of 
a pair of leaves 
in the opposite 
directions
Pinkish 
purple
3. Hibiscus Hard
4. Neem
Hard 
and 
thick
Leaves with 
smooth 
surfaces
5. Any other
facilitate an exciting nature walk. Dr Raghu is a scientist at 
the nearby Research Laboratory and Maniram chacha is an 
elderly person from a nearby community. Maniram chacha 
is an expert in mimicking bird calls. He is also brilliant at 
identifying a variety of plants and animals. 
To prepare them for the nature walk, Dr Raghu informs 
the students that the objective of this walk is to experience 
the beauty and variety of plants and animals in the nature. 
The students are excited to join them. They are curious 
to interact and learn from them. The teacher advises the 
students to carry a notebook, a pen and a water bottle.
As they walk, they begin exploring the plants and animals 
around them. Dr Raghu advises the students to notice the 
variety of smells in the park and emphasises respecting all 
living creatures and observing them without disturbing. 
Maniram chacha tells the students to not only observe different 
plants and animals but also to carefully listen to different 
sounds. The students come across a variety of plants, including 
grasses, bushes, and large trees. They also observe a variety 
of birds sitting on the branches of trees, butterflies moving 
from flower to flower and monkeys jumping from one tree 
to another . They record their observations in their notebooks 
and discuss them with Dr Raghu and Maniram chacha.
The students can hear the chirping of birds. Dr Raghu 
informs them that each bird has a unique chirp. This is an 
example of diversity in nature. Dr Raghu requests Maniram 
chacha to mimic calls of some birds. Maniram chacha 
mimics different bird calls. The students enthusiastically 
start copying him.
Have you ever observed different plants and animals 
around you? Share and discuss your observations with your 
friends and teacher .
2.1 Diversity in Plants and Animals Around Us
Activity 2.1: Let us explore and record 
 ? Plan for a nature walk with your teacher to a park or a 
nearby forest.
 ? While on the nature walk, observe different plants, 
insects, birds, and other animals. Also, note the weather 
conditions, whether it is hot, cold, windy and so on.
Fig. 2.1: Examples of different features of some plants
(c) Hibiscus (Gudhal) (a) Grass (b) Tulsi (Holy Basil)
Chapter 2.indd   11 10-07-2024   18:15:04
Curiosity | Textbook of Science | Grade 6
12
What similarities and differences did you find among the 
plants that you observed?
You must have observed that plants have a variety of 
features such as—
 ? tall/short, hard/soft stem 
 ? different shapes of leaves and their arrangement on 
the stem or branches
 ? flowers varying in colour , shape, and scent
Now, create a list of animals you observed during this 
walk or from your previous experiences. Record the places 
where they live, the food they eat and the ways they move 
around in Table 2.2. Some examples have been provided 
for you.
Table 2.2: Observations of different animals around us
Name of  
the animal 
(local name)
Place where 
they live
Food they 
eat
The way 
they move 
around
Any other 
observations 
and features
Crow Tree Insects Fly and walk
Carrying a 
twig in its 
beak
Ant
Nest in soil 
and burrow
Leaves, seeds 
and insects
Have six legs
Cow
Grasses, 
leaves
Any other
What are the similarities and differences among the 
animals that you have observed and recorded in Table 2.2?
You would have observed that some animals live on land 
while some others live on trees. Birds live on trees. Fish live 
in water and some animals like frogs live on land as well as 
in water . Animals also have a variety of foods they consume 
and movements they exhibit.
Sketch the plants and animals observed by you in your 
notebook or prepare a scrapbook with leaves, flowers from 
different plants and feathers from animals. Write all the 
details you have gathered about them.
Chapter 2.indd   12 10-07-2024   18:15:04
Diversity in the Living World
13
While travelling to and from school, observe your 
surroundings and look out for a variety of plants and 
animals. Add the name of any plant or animal that you have 
not listed before in Tables 2.1 and 2.2. 
Activity 2.2: Let us appreciate
 ? Close your eyes for 30 seconds and think of one plant 
and one animal that you have closely observed and 
have appreciated very much. 
 ? Now each one of you can draw the plant and animal 
that you thought of on the blackboard. 
 ? What are your observations about the various plants 
and animals that have been drawn?
 ? How many different plants and animals did the entire 
class draw on the blackboard?
 ? Do you think that there may be many more varieties 
of plants and animals other than those drawn on 
the board? 
The variety of plants and animals found in a particular 
region contributes to the biodiversity of that region.  
Chapter 2.indd   13 10-07-2024   18:15:06