Transport and Communication of Jammu and Kashmir | JKPSC KAS (Jammu and Kashmir): Preparation Course PDF Download

 Page 1


TRANSPORTAND
COMMUNICATIONOF
JAMMUANDKASHMIR
Transport and communication play an important role in the
development of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state has few
railway lines and limited water transport. Thus, road transport is the
main means of transport in the state. The state also has air transport
facility. Through communication network in the state, it is possible to
connect with the widespread and inaccessible regions.
Transport System of Jammu and Kashmir
ThetransportsystemofJammuandKashmirisdividedintofourtypeswhichareasfollows:
1. Road transport 2. Rail tansport
3. Air transport 4. Water transport
1. Road Transport
It is the most important transportation system for the people of the state. In Jammu
and Kashmir, roads are maintained by the Public Works Department (PWD),
Border Roads Organisation (BRO) and various other State Government
Departments. According to Economic Survey 2017-18, the road length in Jammu
and Kashmir is 35289 km. Jammu region has maximum road length (15920 km)
followed by Kashmir (14803 km) and Ladakh (4566 km). The state has the lowest
road density among all Indian states which is 34.81 km per 100 sq. km of area
(2016-17).
National Highways
National Highways are considered as the important lifeline of any region due to
their connectivity with various places. The National Highways of Jammu and
Kashmir has a length about 2423 km (as per the National Highway Authority of
India, till November 2018).
Page 2


TRANSPORTAND
COMMUNICATIONOF
JAMMUANDKASHMIR
Transport and communication play an important role in the
development of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state has few
railway lines and limited water transport. Thus, road transport is the
main means of transport in the state. The state also has air transport
facility. Through communication network in the state, it is possible to
connect with the widespread and inaccessible regions.
Transport System of Jammu and Kashmir
ThetransportsystemofJammuandKashmirisdividedintofourtypeswhichareasfollows:
1. Road transport 2. Rail tansport
3. Air transport 4. Water transport
1. Road Transport
It is the most important transportation system for the people of the state. In Jammu
and Kashmir, roads are maintained by the Public Works Department (PWD),
Border Roads Organisation (BRO) and various other State Government
Departments. According to Economic Survey 2017-18, the road length in Jammu
and Kashmir is 35289 km. Jammu region has maximum road length (15920 km)
followed by Kashmir (14803 km) and Ladakh (4566 km). The state has the lowest
road density among all Indian states which is 34.81 km per 100 sq. km of area
(2016-17).
National Highways
National Highways are considered as the important lifeline of any region due to
their connectivity with various places. The National Highways of Jammu and
Kashmir has a length about 2423 km (as per the National Highway Authority of
India, till November 2018).
TheNationalHighwaysaregivenbelow:
NH No. State Route Length (km)
1 1A, 1D Uri, Baramula, Srinagar, Kargil and terminating at Leh 422.0
301 Kargil (NH-1) - Zanskar Road 234.0
501 Junction with NH-1- Panchtarni - Chandanwari - Pahalgam -
Batakut - Martand - Khanabal (NH-44)
90.0
701 Baramula (NH-1) - Rafiabad - Kupwara - Tangdhar 126.0
701A Junction with NH-1 near Baramula - Gulmarg 39.0
3 Himachal Pradesh Border - Leh 170.0
44 1A Punjab Border - Kathua - Samba - Jammu - Udhampur - Batot -
Ramban - Khanabal - Awantipur - Pampore - Srinagar
541.0
144 1C NH No. 44 near Domel - Katra, Riasi, Pauni-junction with NH No.
144A near Bamla
90.0
144A Jammu - Akhnur - Naoshera - Rajauri - Punch 230.0
244 1B Near Chenani junction (NH-44) - Sudh Mahadev - Goha - Khelani
- Kishtwar - Sinthan Pass - Near (Khanabal (NH-44)
274.0
244A The highway starting from its junction with NH-44 near Jammu
and terminating at its junction with NH-44 (Nagrota Bypass) in the
state of Jammu & Kashmir (Jammu Ring Road)
57.2
444 Srinagar - Badgam - Pulwama - Shupiyan - Kulgam - Quazigund 150.0
Sub Total
* Source www.nhai.org
Important Road Links
SomeimportantroadlinksinJammuandKashmirareasfollows:
JhelumValleyRoad It connects Srinagar, Pattan, Baramulla, Mohra and Uri. It is
about 132.5 km long and is very important from military point of view.
Srinagar-ShopianRoad It connects Srinagar, Pampore, Pulwama and Shopian. It is
about 53 km long.
Srinagar-KulgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Khanabal and Kulgam. The length of
this road is 71 km.
Srinagar-GulmargRoad It connects Srinagar, Tangmarg and Gulmarg. It is about
29 km long.
Srinagar-PahalgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Awantipur, Khanabal, Mattan, Aish
Mugam and Pahalgam. It is about 95.5 km long. From Pahalgam, a bridle path leads
to Amarnath cave. Chandanwari, Sheshnag and Panchtarni stations lie on this route.
Srinagar-BandipurRoad It connects ShalatengandBandipur. From Bandipur, it
goes to Sopore and Gurez. It serves as a military defence road.
Srinagar-WayalRoad It connects Anantnag, Achabal and Kukarnag. It is about
85 km long.
Page 3


TRANSPORTAND
COMMUNICATIONOF
JAMMUANDKASHMIR
Transport and communication play an important role in the
development of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state has few
railway lines and limited water transport. Thus, road transport is the
main means of transport in the state. The state also has air transport
facility. Through communication network in the state, it is possible to
connect with the widespread and inaccessible regions.
Transport System of Jammu and Kashmir
ThetransportsystemofJammuandKashmirisdividedintofourtypeswhichareasfollows:
1. Road transport 2. Rail tansport
3. Air transport 4. Water transport
1. Road Transport
It is the most important transportation system for the people of the state. In Jammu
and Kashmir, roads are maintained by the Public Works Department (PWD),
Border Roads Organisation (BRO) and various other State Government
Departments. According to Economic Survey 2017-18, the road length in Jammu
and Kashmir is 35289 km. Jammu region has maximum road length (15920 km)
followed by Kashmir (14803 km) and Ladakh (4566 km). The state has the lowest
road density among all Indian states which is 34.81 km per 100 sq. km of area
(2016-17).
National Highways
National Highways are considered as the important lifeline of any region due to
their connectivity with various places. The National Highways of Jammu and
Kashmir has a length about 2423 km (as per the National Highway Authority of
India, till November 2018).
TheNationalHighwaysaregivenbelow:
NH No. State Route Length (km)
1 1A, 1D Uri, Baramula, Srinagar, Kargil and terminating at Leh 422.0
301 Kargil (NH-1) - Zanskar Road 234.0
501 Junction with NH-1- Panchtarni - Chandanwari - Pahalgam -
Batakut - Martand - Khanabal (NH-44)
90.0
701 Baramula (NH-1) - Rafiabad - Kupwara - Tangdhar 126.0
701A Junction with NH-1 near Baramula - Gulmarg 39.0
3 Himachal Pradesh Border - Leh 170.0
44 1A Punjab Border - Kathua - Samba - Jammu - Udhampur - Batot -
Ramban - Khanabal - Awantipur - Pampore - Srinagar
541.0
144 1C NH No. 44 near Domel - Katra, Riasi, Pauni-junction with NH No.
144A near Bamla
90.0
144A Jammu - Akhnur - Naoshera - Rajauri - Punch 230.0
244 1B Near Chenani junction (NH-44) - Sudh Mahadev - Goha - Khelani
- Kishtwar - Sinthan Pass - Near (Khanabal (NH-44)
274.0
244A The highway starting from its junction with NH-44 near Jammu
and terminating at its junction with NH-44 (Nagrota Bypass) in the
state of Jammu & Kashmir (Jammu Ring Road)
57.2
444 Srinagar - Badgam - Pulwama - Shupiyan - Kulgam - Quazigund 150.0
Sub Total
* Source www.nhai.org
Important Road Links
SomeimportantroadlinksinJammuandKashmirareasfollows:
JhelumValleyRoad It connects Srinagar, Pattan, Baramulla, Mohra and Uri. It is
about 132.5 km long and is very important from military point of view.
Srinagar-ShopianRoad It connects Srinagar, Pampore, Pulwama and Shopian. It is
about 53 km long.
Srinagar-KulgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Khanabal and Kulgam. The length of
this road is 71 km.
Srinagar-GulmargRoad It connects Srinagar, Tangmarg and Gulmarg. It is about
29 km long.
Srinagar-PahalgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Awantipur, Khanabal, Mattan, Aish
Mugam and Pahalgam. It is about 95.5 km long. From Pahalgam, a bridle path leads
to Amarnath cave. Chandanwari, Sheshnag and Panchtarni stations lie on this route.
Srinagar-BandipurRoad It connects ShalatengandBandipur. From Bandipur, it
goes to Sopore and Gurez. It serves as a military defence road.
Srinagar-WayalRoad It connects Anantnag, Achabal and Kukarnag. It is about
85 km long.
Srinagar-Charar-e-SharifRoad It has been constructed over the Karewa to the
South-East. It leads to the well-known shrine Charar-e-Sharif.
Sopore-TetwalRoad It connects Sopore, Handwara, Trehgam, Chowkibal and
Tetwal. It is about 95 km long. From Srinagar to Chowkibal, the road is used by
both public and military, but from Chowkibal to Tetwal, only military vehicles run.
The road remains close during winter when there is heavy snowfall.
Srinagar-Ganderbal-BaltalRoad It connects with many other roads, the important
one is Kheer Bhawani or Tula Mula road. The main road passes through the entire
valley of the Sind Nullah up to Baltal. After crossing Baltal, road leads to Matayan
and to Drass. It is 117 km long up to Baltal and from Baltal to Drass, it is 45 km
long.
Srinagar-LadakhRoad It connects Srinagar, Ganderbal and Sonamarg, Machai,
Drass, Karyal and Leh. The total length of this road is 430 km.
Kargil-AskarduRoad It connects Kharalpul, Awiding, Bagicha Talse, Madhopore,
Gole and Theggo. It is about 151 km long.
Pulwama-Yus-GogjipatharRoad It connects Pulwama, Parkota, New Kalipura,
Ramopakherapora, Kanidanwan and Yus-Gogjipathar.
Highest Motorable Road in Ladakh
The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) has built the world’s highest motorable road
in Ladakh region. It is about 86 km long which passes through Umling La Top and
connects Chismule and Demchok villages located about 230 km away from Leh
district.
It is about 19,300 ft above the mean sea level and constructed under Project
Himank. Under Project Himank, some other roads have also been constructed like
Khardung La (17,900 ft) and Chang La Pass roads (17,695 ft) in Leh district, by
connecting Nubra valley and Durbuk valley in the cold desert.
The Chenani-Nashri Tunnel
The Shiwalik mountain range of Himalayas has been drilled for the
construction of India’s longest all weather road tunnel which is named as the
Chenani-Nashri Tunnel. It connects Srinagar with the rest of the country
and was completed in the year 2017. The tunnel has been opened for the
general public in April, 2017. The length of the tunnel is 9 km that reduces
the traffic jams on NH-1A that occur due to snowfall and avalanches in
winters at Patnitop. The 288 km distance between Jammu and Srinagar has
been reduced to 238 km by this tunnel.
Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation (JKSRTC)
The Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation came into existence on
1st September, 1976, under Road Transport Corporation Act of 1950. The
corporation works for the development of transportation in the state.
Page 4


TRANSPORTAND
COMMUNICATIONOF
JAMMUANDKASHMIR
Transport and communication play an important role in the
development of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state has few
railway lines and limited water transport. Thus, road transport is the
main means of transport in the state. The state also has air transport
facility. Through communication network in the state, it is possible to
connect with the widespread and inaccessible regions.
Transport System of Jammu and Kashmir
ThetransportsystemofJammuandKashmirisdividedintofourtypeswhichareasfollows:
1. Road transport 2. Rail tansport
3. Air transport 4. Water transport
1. Road Transport
It is the most important transportation system for the people of the state. In Jammu
and Kashmir, roads are maintained by the Public Works Department (PWD),
Border Roads Organisation (BRO) and various other State Government
Departments. According to Economic Survey 2017-18, the road length in Jammu
and Kashmir is 35289 km. Jammu region has maximum road length (15920 km)
followed by Kashmir (14803 km) and Ladakh (4566 km). The state has the lowest
road density among all Indian states which is 34.81 km per 100 sq. km of area
(2016-17).
National Highways
National Highways are considered as the important lifeline of any region due to
their connectivity with various places. The National Highways of Jammu and
Kashmir has a length about 2423 km (as per the National Highway Authority of
India, till November 2018).
TheNationalHighwaysaregivenbelow:
NH No. State Route Length (km)
1 1A, 1D Uri, Baramula, Srinagar, Kargil and terminating at Leh 422.0
301 Kargil (NH-1) - Zanskar Road 234.0
501 Junction with NH-1- Panchtarni - Chandanwari - Pahalgam -
Batakut - Martand - Khanabal (NH-44)
90.0
701 Baramula (NH-1) - Rafiabad - Kupwara - Tangdhar 126.0
701A Junction with NH-1 near Baramula - Gulmarg 39.0
3 Himachal Pradesh Border - Leh 170.0
44 1A Punjab Border - Kathua - Samba - Jammu - Udhampur - Batot -
Ramban - Khanabal - Awantipur - Pampore - Srinagar
541.0
144 1C NH No. 44 near Domel - Katra, Riasi, Pauni-junction with NH No.
144A near Bamla
90.0
144A Jammu - Akhnur - Naoshera - Rajauri - Punch 230.0
244 1B Near Chenani junction (NH-44) - Sudh Mahadev - Goha - Khelani
- Kishtwar - Sinthan Pass - Near (Khanabal (NH-44)
274.0
244A The highway starting from its junction with NH-44 near Jammu
and terminating at its junction with NH-44 (Nagrota Bypass) in the
state of Jammu & Kashmir (Jammu Ring Road)
57.2
444 Srinagar - Badgam - Pulwama - Shupiyan - Kulgam - Quazigund 150.0
Sub Total
* Source www.nhai.org
Important Road Links
SomeimportantroadlinksinJammuandKashmirareasfollows:
JhelumValleyRoad It connects Srinagar, Pattan, Baramulla, Mohra and Uri. It is
about 132.5 km long and is very important from military point of view.
Srinagar-ShopianRoad It connects Srinagar, Pampore, Pulwama and Shopian. It is
about 53 km long.
Srinagar-KulgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Khanabal and Kulgam. The length of
this road is 71 km.
Srinagar-GulmargRoad It connects Srinagar, Tangmarg and Gulmarg. It is about
29 km long.
Srinagar-PahalgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Awantipur, Khanabal, Mattan, Aish
Mugam and Pahalgam. It is about 95.5 km long. From Pahalgam, a bridle path leads
to Amarnath cave. Chandanwari, Sheshnag and Panchtarni stations lie on this route.
Srinagar-BandipurRoad It connects ShalatengandBandipur. From Bandipur, it
goes to Sopore and Gurez. It serves as a military defence road.
Srinagar-WayalRoad It connects Anantnag, Achabal and Kukarnag. It is about
85 km long.
Srinagar-Charar-e-SharifRoad It has been constructed over the Karewa to the
South-East. It leads to the well-known shrine Charar-e-Sharif.
Sopore-TetwalRoad It connects Sopore, Handwara, Trehgam, Chowkibal and
Tetwal. It is about 95 km long. From Srinagar to Chowkibal, the road is used by
both public and military, but from Chowkibal to Tetwal, only military vehicles run.
The road remains close during winter when there is heavy snowfall.
Srinagar-Ganderbal-BaltalRoad It connects with many other roads, the important
one is Kheer Bhawani or Tula Mula road. The main road passes through the entire
valley of the Sind Nullah up to Baltal. After crossing Baltal, road leads to Matayan
and to Drass. It is 117 km long up to Baltal and from Baltal to Drass, it is 45 km
long.
Srinagar-LadakhRoad It connects Srinagar, Ganderbal and Sonamarg, Machai,
Drass, Karyal and Leh. The total length of this road is 430 km.
Kargil-AskarduRoad It connects Kharalpul, Awiding, Bagicha Talse, Madhopore,
Gole and Theggo. It is about 151 km long.
Pulwama-Yus-GogjipatharRoad It connects Pulwama, Parkota, New Kalipura,
Ramopakherapora, Kanidanwan and Yus-Gogjipathar.
Highest Motorable Road in Ladakh
The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) has built the world’s highest motorable road
in Ladakh region. It is about 86 km long which passes through Umling La Top and
connects Chismule and Demchok villages located about 230 km away from Leh
district.
It is about 19,300 ft above the mean sea level and constructed under Project
Himank. Under Project Himank, some other roads have also been constructed like
Khardung La (17,900 ft) and Chang La Pass roads (17,695 ft) in Leh district, by
connecting Nubra valley and Durbuk valley in the cold desert.
The Chenani-Nashri Tunnel
The Shiwalik mountain range of Himalayas has been drilled for the
construction of India’s longest all weather road tunnel which is named as the
Chenani-Nashri Tunnel. It connects Srinagar with the rest of the country
and was completed in the year 2017. The tunnel has been opened for the
general public in April, 2017. The length of the tunnel is 9 km that reduces
the traffic jams on NH-1A that occur due to snowfall and avalanches in
winters at Patnitop. The 288 km distance between Jammu and Srinagar has
been reduced to 238 km by this tunnel.
Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation (JKSRTC)
The Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation came into existence on
1st September, 1976, under Road Transport Corporation Act of 1950. The
corporation works for the development of transportation in the state.
Theobjectivesof thiscorporationareasfollows:
n
Making the transport system convenient to the public, tourism, trade, industry and
various other agencies.
n
Providing adequate transport services for both public and commodities within and
outside the state.
n
Sharing the responsibilities of emergencies like natural calamities, war, floods
earthquake, etc.
Schemes Sanctioned by the State and Central Governments for Road
Development
Somemainprogrammes/schemessanctionedbytheStateandCentralGovernmentsare
givenasunder:
n
The objective of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is to provide
connectivity by way of all weather roads to the unconnected habitations in rural areas.
n
Government has notified the Jammu and Kashmir Road Safety Policy on 8th
September, 2016.
n
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India has
implemented Institute of Drivers Training and Research (IDTR) for imparting
high quality training to the drivers and for upgrading their skills.
n
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India has
implemented Inspection and Certification Centre (ICC) for mechanical inspection
of the vehicles.
2. Rail Transport
Jammu and Kashmir has very low rail-road mix of transport. Jammu city is the rail
head for the state. The Maharaja Pratap Singh was the first who explored the
possibility of a railway line connecting Jammu with Srinagar in 1898, but he was not
successful. In 1905, the Maharaja approved rail line between Jammu and Srinagar
via Riasi through Mughal road. Before 1947, Jammu was connected to Sialkot by a
rail line. But due to partition in 1947, Sialkot went to Pakistan and a new railway
line was constructed to Jammu from Pathankot in 1972.
Important Railway Stations in Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu-TawiRailwayStation It is the largest railway station in Jammu and
Kashmir state. It is a major railhead for other places in the state and for tourists
heading towards the Kashmir valley. It is in the Firozpur division of Northern
railways. The second longest running train in India, in terms of time and distance,
the Himsagar Express used to originate from here in the past.
ShriMataVaishnoDeviKatraRailwayStation This railway station is a train station
on the Jammu-Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Railway Link in the Indian state of
Jammu and Kashmir. It belongs to the Firozpur Division of Northern Railway Zone
in Jammu and Kashmir. It serves Katra town and the Sri Mata Vaishno Devi temple.
Page 5


TRANSPORTAND
COMMUNICATIONOF
JAMMUANDKASHMIR
Transport and communication play an important role in the
development of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state has few
railway lines and limited water transport. Thus, road transport is the
main means of transport in the state. The state also has air transport
facility. Through communication network in the state, it is possible to
connect with the widespread and inaccessible regions.
Transport System of Jammu and Kashmir
ThetransportsystemofJammuandKashmirisdividedintofourtypeswhichareasfollows:
1. Road transport 2. Rail tansport
3. Air transport 4. Water transport
1. Road Transport
It is the most important transportation system for the people of the state. In Jammu
and Kashmir, roads are maintained by the Public Works Department (PWD),
Border Roads Organisation (BRO) and various other State Government
Departments. According to Economic Survey 2017-18, the road length in Jammu
and Kashmir is 35289 km. Jammu region has maximum road length (15920 km)
followed by Kashmir (14803 km) and Ladakh (4566 km). The state has the lowest
road density among all Indian states which is 34.81 km per 100 sq. km of area
(2016-17).
National Highways
National Highways are considered as the important lifeline of any region due to
their connectivity with various places. The National Highways of Jammu and
Kashmir has a length about 2423 km (as per the National Highway Authority of
India, till November 2018).
TheNationalHighwaysaregivenbelow:
NH No. State Route Length (km)
1 1A, 1D Uri, Baramula, Srinagar, Kargil and terminating at Leh 422.0
301 Kargil (NH-1) - Zanskar Road 234.0
501 Junction with NH-1- Panchtarni - Chandanwari - Pahalgam -
Batakut - Martand - Khanabal (NH-44)
90.0
701 Baramula (NH-1) - Rafiabad - Kupwara - Tangdhar 126.0
701A Junction with NH-1 near Baramula - Gulmarg 39.0
3 Himachal Pradesh Border - Leh 170.0
44 1A Punjab Border - Kathua - Samba - Jammu - Udhampur - Batot -
Ramban - Khanabal - Awantipur - Pampore - Srinagar
541.0
144 1C NH No. 44 near Domel - Katra, Riasi, Pauni-junction with NH No.
144A near Bamla
90.0
144A Jammu - Akhnur - Naoshera - Rajauri - Punch 230.0
244 1B Near Chenani junction (NH-44) - Sudh Mahadev - Goha - Khelani
- Kishtwar - Sinthan Pass - Near (Khanabal (NH-44)
274.0
244A The highway starting from its junction with NH-44 near Jammu
and terminating at its junction with NH-44 (Nagrota Bypass) in the
state of Jammu & Kashmir (Jammu Ring Road)
57.2
444 Srinagar - Badgam - Pulwama - Shupiyan - Kulgam - Quazigund 150.0
Sub Total
* Source www.nhai.org
Important Road Links
SomeimportantroadlinksinJammuandKashmirareasfollows:
JhelumValleyRoad It connects Srinagar, Pattan, Baramulla, Mohra and Uri. It is
about 132.5 km long and is very important from military point of view.
Srinagar-ShopianRoad It connects Srinagar, Pampore, Pulwama and Shopian. It is
about 53 km long.
Srinagar-KulgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Khanabal and Kulgam. The length of
this road is 71 km.
Srinagar-GulmargRoad It connects Srinagar, Tangmarg and Gulmarg. It is about
29 km long.
Srinagar-PahalgamRoad It connects Srinagar, Awantipur, Khanabal, Mattan, Aish
Mugam and Pahalgam. It is about 95.5 km long. From Pahalgam, a bridle path leads
to Amarnath cave. Chandanwari, Sheshnag and Panchtarni stations lie on this route.
Srinagar-BandipurRoad It connects ShalatengandBandipur. From Bandipur, it
goes to Sopore and Gurez. It serves as a military defence road.
Srinagar-WayalRoad It connects Anantnag, Achabal and Kukarnag. It is about
85 km long.
Srinagar-Charar-e-SharifRoad It has been constructed over the Karewa to the
South-East. It leads to the well-known shrine Charar-e-Sharif.
Sopore-TetwalRoad It connects Sopore, Handwara, Trehgam, Chowkibal and
Tetwal. It is about 95 km long. From Srinagar to Chowkibal, the road is used by
both public and military, but from Chowkibal to Tetwal, only military vehicles run.
The road remains close during winter when there is heavy snowfall.
Srinagar-Ganderbal-BaltalRoad It connects with many other roads, the important
one is Kheer Bhawani or Tula Mula road. The main road passes through the entire
valley of the Sind Nullah up to Baltal. After crossing Baltal, road leads to Matayan
and to Drass. It is 117 km long up to Baltal and from Baltal to Drass, it is 45 km
long.
Srinagar-LadakhRoad It connects Srinagar, Ganderbal and Sonamarg, Machai,
Drass, Karyal and Leh. The total length of this road is 430 km.
Kargil-AskarduRoad It connects Kharalpul, Awiding, Bagicha Talse, Madhopore,
Gole and Theggo. It is about 151 km long.
Pulwama-Yus-GogjipatharRoad It connects Pulwama, Parkota, New Kalipura,
Ramopakherapora, Kanidanwan and Yus-Gogjipathar.
Highest Motorable Road in Ladakh
The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) has built the world’s highest motorable road
in Ladakh region. It is about 86 km long which passes through Umling La Top and
connects Chismule and Demchok villages located about 230 km away from Leh
district.
It is about 19,300 ft above the mean sea level and constructed under Project
Himank. Under Project Himank, some other roads have also been constructed like
Khardung La (17,900 ft) and Chang La Pass roads (17,695 ft) in Leh district, by
connecting Nubra valley and Durbuk valley in the cold desert.
The Chenani-Nashri Tunnel
The Shiwalik mountain range of Himalayas has been drilled for the
construction of India’s longest all weather road tunnel which is named as the
Chenani-Nashri Tunnel. It connects Srinagar with the rest of the country
and was completed in the year 2017. The tunnel has been opened for the
general public in April, 2017. The length of the tunnel is 9 km that reduces
the traffic jams on NH-1A that occur due to snowfall and avalanches in
winters at Patnitop. The 288 km distance between Jammu and Srinagar has
been reduced to 238 km by this tunnel.
Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation (JKSRTC)
The Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation came into existence on
1st September, 1976, under Road Transport Corporation Act of 1950. The
corporation works for the development of transportation in the state.
Theobjectivesof thiscorporationareasfollows:
n
Making the transport system convenient to the public, tourism, trade, industry and
various other agencies.
n
Providing adequate transport services for both public and commodities within and
outside the state.
n
Sharing the responsibilities of emergencies like natural calamities, war, floods
earthquake, etc.
Schemes Sanctioned by the State and Central Governments for Road
Development
Somemainprogrammes/schemessanctionedbytheStateandCentralGovernmentsare
givenasunder:
n
The objective of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is to provide
connectivity by way of all weather roads to the unconnected habitations in rural areas.
n
Government has notified the Jammu and Kashmir Road Safety Policy on 8th
September, 2016.
n
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India has
implemented Institute of Drivers Training and Research (IDTR) for imparting
high quality training to the drivers and for upgrading their skills.
n
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India has
implemented Inspection and Certification Centre (ICC) for mechanical inspection
of the vehicles.
2. Rail Transport
Jammu and Kashmir has very low rail-road mix of transport. Jammu city is the rail
head for the state. The Maharaja Pratap Singh was the first who explored the
possibility of a railway line connecting Jammu with Srinagar in 1898, but he was not
successful. In 1905, the Maharaja approved rail line between Jammu and Srinagar
via Riasi through Mughal road. Before 1947, Jammu was connected to Sialkot by a
rail line. But due to partition in 1947, Sialkot went to Pakistan and a new railway
line was constructed to Jammu from Pathankot in 1972.
Important Railway Stations in Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu-TawiRailwayStation It is the largest railway station in Jammu and
Kashmir state. It is a major railhead for other places in the state and for tourists
heading towards the Kashmir valley. It is in the Firozpur division of Northern
railways. The second longest running train in India, in terms of time and distance,
the Himsagar Express used to originate from here in the past.
ShriMataVaishnoDeviKatraRailwayStation This railway station is a train station
on the Jammu-Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Railway Link in the Indian state of
Jammu and Kashmir. It belongs to the Firozpur Division of Northern Railway Zone
in Jammu and Kashmir. It serves Katra town and the Sri Mata Vaishno Devi temple.
BaramullaRailwayStation This railway station is situated in notified area of
Baramulla. It is the first station of 130 km long railway line which connects Kashmir
valley with Banihal. The station is situated at an elevation of 1582.79 m above mean
sea level.
AnantnagRailwayStation This railway station lies on the Northern railway
network. It is the headquarters of Anantnag division of Northern Railway zone. The
station is basically located in rice fields. It is approximately 4.5 km far from
Anantnag town.
QazigundRailwayStation It lies on Northern railway network zone of Indian
railways. It is the main transport hub for the people of Qazigund. The station is
situated near Qazigund town in Kulgam district, Jammu and Kashmir. The station
is situated at an elevation of 1671 m above sea level.
BanihalRailwayStation This railway station is a part of Jammu-Baramulla Line
Mega Project. It is situated in Banihal in Ramban district, Jammu and Kashmir. It
was opened on 26th June, 2013 and passenger trains run from Banihal to Qazigund.
It is intended to link Kashmir valley with Jammu-Tawi and the rest of Indian
railway network.
Important Railway Lines in Jammu and Kashmir
In 1983, the railway line from Jammu to Udhampur was started. In 2002, the
Jammu-Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Railway Link (USBRL) was declared as the
line of National Project.
ThelengthfromUdhampurtoBaramullais292kmwhichisdividedintothreesections:
Leg-1 Extending 25 km from Udhampur to Katra, completed in July, 2014.
Leg-2 Extending 129 km from Katra to Qazigund.
Leg-3 Extending 119 km from Qazigund to Baramulla.
Since independence, the Jammu-Udhampur-Katra-Qazigund-Baramulla railway
line is the biggest project in the construction of a mountain railway.
Theothersectionsof USBRLare:
n
From Jammu to Udhampur which is 53 km long and have completed in 2005.
n
From Anantnag to Rajwansher which is 66 km and opened in 2008.
n
From Rajwansher to Baramulla which is 35 km and opened in 2009.
n
From Qazigund to Anantnag which is 18 km and opened in 2009.
Shri Shakti Express
This train was inaugurated on 4th July, 2014 by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi. It is a part of the ambitious Kashmir Rail Link Project.
It is a super fast express train that links New Delhi and Shri Mata
Vaishno Devi Katra railway stations. It is run by Indian railways.