Karrani Dynasty (1568-1589 AD) | Odisha State PSC (OPSC): Preparation - OPSC OCS (Odisha) PDF Download

 Page 1


Karrani Dynasty (1568-1589 AD)
l
In 1568, Odisha came under the control of Sulaiman Khan Karrani of Karrani
dynasty, who was the Sultan of Bengal. He was the first to establish Muslim rule in
Odisha. He transferred his capital from Gaur to Tandah.
l
Sulaiman Khan Karrani appointed Lodi Khan and Qutlu Khan Lohani as
governors of Odisha and Puri, respectively. His son Daud Khan Karrani was the
next ruler of Karrani Dynasty. He invaded the South-Western regions of India. In
1575, he fought the battle of Tukario against Mughals in which he was defeated.
l
In the Treaty of Katak, he retained only Odisha while Bengal and Bihar went to
Mughals. In 1576, at the Battle of RajMahal he was defeated and executed. Thus
Odisha went in the hands of the Mughals.
l
Kalapahar, a hindu general of Sulaiman Karrani brought large scale destruction to
temples. He made the victory of Karrani easier. He was known for ruthlessly
killing the people.
Mughal Dynasty in Odisha
Mughal rule in Odisha begins with the arrival of Raja Mansingh, Akbar’s Rajput
General. In 1590, Qutlu Khan Lohani, an officer of Daud Khan Karrani declared
himself independent and assumed the title of ‘Qutlu Shah’.
Nasir Khan, the son of Qutlu Shah was appointed the Governor of Odisha and
surrender the region of Puri. Mansingh, the Governor of Bihar attacked Nasir Khan
and decisively defeated him on 18th April, 1592. By 1593, Odisha came under the
Mughal empire and was a part of Bengal Subah.
Odisha under Akbar and Jahangir
l
Under Akbar’s reign, Odisha was divided into five sarkars, Jaleswar (including
Midnapore), Bhadrak, Cuttack, Chika Khol and Raj Mahendry Dandpat. Akbar
mostly followed a policy of non-interference in the local chieftain’s matters. But,
Jahangir followed a different policy. Under him, Odisha was made into a separate
Subah and a Governor, titled Subahdar, ruled in the name of the Mughal emperor.
l
Under Jahangir’s reign, Quasim Khan (1606 AD), Kalyan Mal (1611 AD),
Mukarram Khan (1617 AD), Ahmed Beg (1621) became the Governor of Odisha.
Odisha under Shah Jahan
l
In 1628 when, Shahjahan became the Mughal emperor, he appointed Muhammad
Baqar Khan as the Governor of Odisha. After 1645, Zaman Teharani was
appointed as the Governor of Odisha.
l
During Shah Jahan rule, the administration seat was at Cuttack.
25 Medieval History of Odisha
Page 2


Karrani Dynasty (1568-1589 AD)
l
In 1568, Odisha came under the control of Sulaiman Khan Karrani of Karrani
dynasty, who was the Sultan of Bengal. He was the first to establish Muslim rule in
Odisha. He transferred his capital from Gaur to Tandah.
l
Sulaiman Khan Karrani appointed Lodi Khan and Qutlu Khan Lohani as
governors of Odisha and Puri, respectively. His son Daud Khan Karrani was the
next ruler of Karrani Dynasty. He invaded the South-Western regions of India. In
1575, he fought the battle of Tukario against Mughals in which he was defeated.
l
In the Treaty of Katak, he retained only Odisha while Bengal and Bihar went to
Mughals. In 1576, at the Battle of RajMahal he was defeated and executed. Thus
Odisha went in the hands of the Mughals.
l
Kalapahar, a hindu general of Sulaiman Karrani brought large scale destruction to
temples. He made the victory of Karrani easier. He was known for ruthlessly
killing the people.
Mughal Dynasty in Odisha
Mughal rule in Odisha begins with the arrival of Raja Mansingh, Akbar’s Rajput
General. In 1590, Qutlu Khan Lohani, an officer of Daud Khan Karrani declared
himself independent and assumed the title of ‘Qutlu Shah’.
Nasir Khan, the son of Qutlu Shah was appointed the Governor of Odisha and
surrender the region of Puri. Mansingh, the Governor of Bihar attacked Nasir Khan
and decisively defeated him on 18th April, 1592. By 1593, Odisha came under the
Mughal empire and was a part of Bengal Subah.
Odisha under Akbar and Jahangir
l
Under Akbar’s reign, Odisha was divided into five sarkars, Jaleswar (including
Midnapore), Bhadrak, Cuttack, Chika Khol and Raj Mahendry Dandpat. Akbar
mostly followed a policy of non-interference in the local chieftain’s matters. But,
Jahangir followed a different policy. Under him, Odisha was made into a separate
Subah and a Governor, titled Subahdar, ruled in the name of the Mughal emperor.
l
Under Jahangir’s reign, Quasim Khan (1606 AD), Kalyan Mal (1611 AD),
Mukarram Khan (1617 AD), Ahmed Beg (1621) became the Governor of Odisha.
Odisha under Shah Jahan
l
In 1628 when, Shahjahan became the Mughal emperor, he appointed Muhammad
Baqar Khan as the Governor of Odisha. After 1645, Zaman Teharani was
appointed as the Governor of Odisha.
l
During Shah Jahan rule, the administration seat was at Cuttack.
25 Medieval History of Odisha
Odisha under Aurangzeb
l
In 1659, after the war of succession, Aurangzeb ascended the throne. During this
period, several chieftains in Odisha declared themselves independent.
Khan-i-Duran was appointed the Governor of Odisha under Aurangzeb
(1660-1667).
l
During this period, he defeated several rebel chieftains and also defeated
Mukundadeva I, the then king of Khurda.
He revived the worship of lords in the grand temple at Puri under the leadership of
the king of Khurda.
l
Alivardi Khan He defeated Sarfarag Khan in the Battle of Giria and Odisha came
under the rule of Alivardi. Alivardi appointed Sayyid Ahmad as the Governor of
Odisha and left Gujar Khan, one of his trusted generals to assist the Governor in
discharging the administration.
Administration of the Naib Nazims
l
From the administration point of view, Murshid Quli Khan separated Midnapore
from the Subah of Odisha. He made revenue settlement in six Sarkars namely,
Jaleswar, Remuna, Basta, Golapara, Malghetia and Mazkuri.
l
During the rule of the Naib Nazims, the Muslim monuments were built in
Cuttack and Balasore. The local participation in the administration was a general
feature during this period. In military administration, the soldiers were recurited
from this land.
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