NCERT Textbook: Nelson Mandela - Long Walk to Freedom | English Class 10 PDF Download

 Page 1


Let ’s Begin 1. You have read the story about Nelson Mandela in your 
textbook, First Flight, and the struggle of the people of South 
Africa. Mandela draws our attention to the meaning and 
importance of freedom and leading a life with freedom.  
   He states that freedom comes with responsibilities. 
Discuss with your peers, how freedom and responsibilities 
go hand in hand.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Reading Comp Rehension 
t ext i Given below is a speech by Sardar Patel, one of the prominent 
??gures of India’s freedom struggle. This is one of the convocation 
speeches delivered by him. Read the speech and answer the 
questions that follow. 
Sardar Patel’s Call to Youth to build  
Character and be Disciplined
I must thank you for the affectionate and warm welcome which 
you have extended to me and for the love and regard which you 
?
;
UNIT 
2
Nelso N Ma Ndela : l o Ng 
Walk to Freedo M
Unit-2.indd   17 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Page 2


Let ’s Begin 1. You have read the story about Nelson Mandela in your 
textbook, First Flight, and the struggle of the people of South 
Africa. Mandela draws our attention to the meaning and 
importance of freedom and leading a life with freedom.  
   He states that freedom comes with responsibilities. 
Discuss with your peers, how freedom and responsibilities 
go hand in hand.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Reading Comp Rehension 
t ext i Given below is a speech by Sardar Patel, one of the prominent 
??gures of India’s freedom struggle. This is one of the convocation 
speeches delivered by him. Read the speech and answer the 
questions that follow. 
Sardar Patel’s Call to Youth to build  
Character and be Disciplined
I must thank you for the affectionate and warm welcome which 
you have extended to me and for the love and regard which you 
?
;
UNIT 
2
Nelso N Ma Ndela : l o Ng 
Walk to Freedo M
Unit-2.indd   17 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Words and e xpr e ssions 2 – Class x 18
have shown me by conferring this honour to me. Gifts are of 
many kinds those achieved by one’s own endeavour are good 
and deserved, but no gift should be conferred on one whose 
worthiness has not been tested. By selecting me without assuring 
yourself of my ??tness for the gift, you have laid me under a heavy 
debt and, by your injunctions that I should continue to prove 
worthy of it throughout my life, you have imposed on me a very 
dif??cult obligation. At present, I cannot say anything because I 
am bound by your love and affection; and, therefore, with your 
blessing and God’s grace, I pray that I may prove worthy of it. 
Should I fail, the blame for my failure will be shared by you  
as well.
On this occasion, I wish to place before you a few  
thoughts which occur to my mind as incidental to our  
hard-won freedom. We have now won our freedom. But 
just as I am doubtful, if I deserved the honour that 
you have done me, you have also to think whether you 
have done everything to deserve freedom that you have 
attained after such a bitter and sustained struggle.
There are people who think that having won freedom, 
there is nothing more to do about it. Freedom has come 
to us through sacri??ces. Those who made sacri??ces 
tasted the fruit of their efforts and self-denials, but it is for 
those who are now enjoying freedom to taste its fruit. After 
the last World War, there is an all-round deterioration in 
human standards. People have become self-centered. They 
have forgotten or ignored the wider interests of the country. 
The essential and noteworthy features of our struggle were: 
sacri??ce, truth, and non-violence. The weapons of the 
World War were: violence, brute force, political and 
military moves, and counter moves. As a result of 
the churning of the ocean, the world has emitted 
poison. That poison is spreading all over and 
there is none to swallow it. The countries which 
were free have managed to digest it somewhat, but we, who have 
just attained our freedom, it is hard to do the same. Therefore, 
those who think that having attained freedom they have attained 
everything have really attained nothing! The freedom that we 
have won is yet to be consolidated.  The foundations of freedom 
have to be well and truly laid! This one-year old child has to be 
nursed and nourished, instructed and strengthened. It is for us 
to do it and we must do it.
Unit-2.indd   18 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Page 3


Let ’s Begin 1. You have read the story about Nelson Mandela in your 
textbook, First Flight, and the struggle of the people of South 
Africa. Mandela draws our attention to the meaning and 
importance of freedom and leading a life with freedom.  
   He states that freedom comes with responsibilities. 
Discuss with your peers, how freedom and responsibilities 
go hand in hand.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Reading Comp Rehension 
t ext i Given below is a speech by Sardar Patel, one of the prominent 
??gures of India’s freedom struggle. This is one of the convocation 
speeches delivered by him. Read the speech and answer the 
questions that follow. 
Sardar Patel’s Call to Youth to build  
Character and be Disciplined
I must thank you for the affectionate and warm welcome which 
you have extended to me and for the love and regard which you 
?
;
UNIT 
2
Nelso N Ma Ndela : l o Ng 
Walk to Freedo M
Unit-2.indd   17 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Words and e xpr e ssions 2 – Class x 18
have shown me by conferring this honour to me. Gifts are of 
many kinds those achieved by one’s own endeavour are good 
and deserved, but no gift should be conferred on one whose 
worthiness has not been tested. By selecting me without assuring 
yourself of my ??tness for the gift, you have laid me under a heavy 
debt and, by your injunctions that I should continue to prove 
worthy of it throughout my life, you have imposed on me a very 
dif??cult obligation. At present, I cannot say anything because I 
am bound by your love and affection; and, therefore, with your 
blessing and God’s grace, I pray that I may prove worthy of it. 
Should I fail, the blame for my failure will be shared by you  
as well.
On this occasion, I wish to place before you a few  
thoughts which occur to my mind as incidental to our  
hard-won freedom. We have now won our freedom. But 
just as I am doubtful, if I deserved the honour that 
you have done me, you have also to think whether you 
have done everything to deserve freedom that you have 
attained after such a bitter and sustained struggle.
There are people who think that having won freedom, 
there is nothing more to do about it. Freedom has come 
to us through sacri??ces. Those who made sacri??ces 
tasted the fruit of their efforts and self-denials, but it is for 
those who are now enjoying freedom to taste its fruit. After 
the last World War, there is an all-round deterioration in 
human standards. People have become self-centered. They 
have forgotten or ignored the wider interests of the country. 
The essential and noteworthy features of our struggle were: 
sacri??ce, truth, and non-violence. The weapons of the 
World War were: violence, brute force, political and 
military moves, and counter moves. As a result of 
the churning of the ocean, the world has emitted 
poison. That poison is spreading all over and 
there is none to swallow it. The countries which 
were free have managed to digest it somewhat, but we, who have 
just attained our freedom, it is hard to do the same. Therefore, 
those who think that having attained freedom they have attained 
everything have really attained nothing! The freedom that we 
have won is yet to be consolidated.  The foundations of freedom 
have to be well and truly laid! This one-year old child has to be 
nursed and nourished, instructed and strengthened. It is for us 
to do it and we must do it.
Unit-2.indd   18 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Unit 2 – Nelson Mandela : l ong Walk to Freedo M 19
Sentences
In India today, there is no time for useless controversies and 
unnecessary debates and disputes. One can indulge in these 
pastimes when one has time and leisure. At present, we have 
to occupy ourselves with the all absorbing task of making the 
foundation of our freedom strong and unassailable. We have to 
re??ect on our place in this broken and destructed world and what 
our duty and obligations are! If we fail to make the best use of 
our freedom to make it worthwhile and turn it to our advantage 
and advancements, future generations will heap curses on us. 
They will say that a spiritualist, a great soul gave us this precious 
boon, but we did not know how to retain it and lost it.
I should like to urge upon those who train citizens of tomorrow 
and to those citizens of tomorrow that we have yet to stand on 
our feet. We must concentrate on one thing alone, viz., how to 
make our country strong and united. We can make it strong 
when hearts are pure and when we fully appreciate our duty. 
Now that foreign rulers have gone, are we in a position to sustain 
the whole burden that has devolved on us? When we took over 
from them, the administrative fabric was in tatters. We have 
to mend and place it. This, in itself, is a heavy responsibility. 
It is for our universities to train young men to shoulder these 
responsibilities.
The great university of life is full of experiences, but to make 
full use of those experiences, all of us students, teachers and 
professors — have to be cautious and on guard.
The most essential requisite is character. If your character is 
lacking and you leave the precincts of the alma mater without 
your character fully developed, you will be wasting an opportunity 
of a lifetime.
You have to realise that India has to attain its rightful place 
in the comity of nations. The leadership of Asia would be hers 
if she conducts herself well and if her citizens make their ??tting 
contribution to nation’s resurgence. Whatever trials and troubles 
we might have passed through, there is no denying the fact 
that we have a precious inheritance and the teachings we have 
received from the departed leaders are great assets for us.
India abounds in the resources of nature and manpower. They 
are awaiting full use. That task must devolve on young men and 
women. We ourselves were trained in the school of experience. 
We fought for freedom and we have attained that prize for you. It 
is now up to you to prove yourself worthy of the same. This you 
can do only if you work with single-minded devotion to the cause 
of the country. It is only then that you can deserve this freedom 
and be proud of it.
conferring
endeavour
obligation
precincts
unassailable
Look Up 
and Understand Unit-2.indd   19 27-Jun-2019   04:20:41 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Page 4


Let ’s Begin 1. You have read the story about Nelson Mandela in your 
textbook, First Flight, and the struggle of the people of South 
Africa. Mandela draws our attention to the meaning and 
importance of freedom and leading a life with freedom.  
   He states that freedom comes with responsibilities. 
Discuss with your peers, how freedom and responsibilities 
go hand in hand.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Reading Comp Rehension 
t ext i Given below is a speech by Sardar Patel, one of the prominent 
??gures of India’s freedom struggle. This is one of the convocation 
speeches delivered by him. Read the speech and answer the 
questions that follow. 
Sardar Patel’s Call to Youth to build  
Character and be Disciplined
I must thank you for the affectionate and warm welcome which 
you have extended to me and for the love and regard which you 
?
;
UNIT 
2
Nelso N Ma Ndela : l o Ng 
Walk to Freedo M
Unit-2.indd   17 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Words and e xpr e ssions 2 – Class x 18
have shown me by conferring this honour to me. Gifts are of 
many kinds those achieved by one’s own endeavour are good 
and deserved, but no gift should be conferred on one whose 
worthiness has not been tested. By selecting me without assuring 
yourself of my ??tness for the gift, you have laid me under a heavy 
debt and, by your injunctions that I should continue to prove 
worthy of it throughout my life, you have imposed on me a very 
dif??cult obligation. At present, I cannot say anything because I 
am bound by your love and affection; and, therefore, with your 
blessing and God’s grace, I pray that I may prove worthy of it. 
Should I fail, the blame for my failure will be shared by you  
as well.
On this occasion, I wish to place before you a few  
thoughts which occur to my mind as incidental to our  
hard-won freedom. We have now won our freedom. But 
just as I am doubtful, if I deserved the honour that 
you have done me, you have also to think whether you 
have done everything to deserve freedom that you have 
attained after such a bitter and sustained struggle.
There are people who think that having won freedom, 
there is nothing more to do about it. Freedom has come 
to us through sacri??ces. Those who made sacri??ces 
tasted the fruit of their efforts and self-denials, but it is for 
those who are now enjoying freedom to taste its fruit. After 
the last World War, there is an all-round deterioration in 
human standards. People have become self-centered. They 
have forgotten or ignored the wider interests of the country. 
The essential and noteworthy features of our struggle were: 
sacri??ce, truth, and non-violence. The weapons of the 
World War were: violence, brute force, political and 
military moves, and counter moves. As a result of 
the churning of the ocean, the world has emitted 
poison. That poison is spreading all over and 
there is none to swallow it. The countries which 
were free have managed to digest it somewhat, but we, who have 
just attained our freedom, it is hard to do the same. Therefore, 
those who think that having attained freedom they have attained 
everything have really attained nothing! The freedom that we 
have won is yet to be consolidated.  The foundations of freedom 
have to be well and truly laid! This one-year old child has to be 
nursed and nourished, instructed and strengthened. It is for us 
to do it and we must do it.
Unit-2.indd   18 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Unit 2 – Nelson Mandela : l ong Walk to Freedo M 19
Sentences
In India today, there is no time for useless controversies and 
unnecessary debates and disputes. One can indulge in these 
pastimes when one has time and leisure. At present, we have 
to occupy ourselves with the all absorbing task of making the 
foundation of our freedom strong and unassailable. We have to 
re??ect on our place in this broken and destructed world and what 
our duty and obligations are! If we fail to make the best use of 
our freedom to make it worthwhile and turn it to our advantage 
and advancements, future generations will heap curses on us. 
They will say that a spiritualist, a great soul gave us this precious 
boon, but we did not know how to retain it and lost it.
I should like to urge upon those who train citizens of tomorrow 
and to those citizens of tomorrow that we have yet to stand on 
our feet. We must concentrate on one thing alone, viz., how to 
make our country strong and united. We can make it strong 
when hearts are pure and when we fully appreciate our duty. 
Now that foreign rulers have gone, are we in a position to sustain 
the whole burden that has devolved on us? When we took over 
from them, the administrative fabric was in tatters. We have 
to mend and place it. This, in itself, is a heavy responsibility. 
It is for our universities to train young men to shoulder these 
responsibilities.
The great university of life is full of experiences, but to make 
full use of those experiences, all of us students, teachers and 
professors — have to be cautious and on guard.
The most essential requisite is character. If your character is 
lacking and you leave the precincts of the alma mater without 
your character fully developed, you will be wasting an opportunity 
of a lifetime.
You have to realise that India has to attain its rightful place 
in the comity of nations. The leadership of Asia would be hers 
if she conducts herself well and if her citizens make their ??tting 
contribution to nation’s resurgence. Whatever trials and troubles 
we might have passed through, there is no denying the fact 
that we have a precious inheritance and the teachings we have 
received from the departed leaders are great assets for us.
India abounds in the resources of nature and manpower. They 
are awaiting full use. That task must devolve on young men and 
women. We ourselves were trained in the school of experience. 
We fought for freedom and we have attained that prize for you. It 
is now up to you to prove yourself worthy of the same. This you 
can do only if you work with single-minded devotion to the cause 
of the country. It is only then that you can deserve this freedom 
and be proud of it.
conferring
endeavour
obligation
precincts
unassailable
Look Up 
and Understand Unit-2.indd   19 27-Jun-2019   04:20:41 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Words and e xpr e ssions 2 – Class x 20
The real danger of India lies in our disunity. That poison of 
communalism was spread in the past. You should draw a curtain 
over it. Only then could we equip ourselves for the freedom that 
has come to us. There are still people in the country whose loyalty 
to India has not settled down. They should and will leave India.
This is the occasion for mutual help and mutual cooperation. 
We must know what our duty is as true citizens. Your teacher has 
to impart that duty. Unless we learn to shoulder our responsibility 
in the true spirit of discipline and citizenship we cannot go ahead. 
We must strengthen our shoulders and our legs so that we can 
stand erect and bear the burden that has devolved on us. Then 
alone would we secure the real objective of freedom.
(Source: The Collected Works of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel  
Volume XIII [1 January 1948 – 31 December 1948],  
Editor: P.N. Chopra, Konark  Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi)
Complete the sentences given below by choosing the 
most appropriate word or phrase.
Q.1. The occasion of the speech of Sardar Patel here is 
____________________________________________________.
 (a) an address to a public gathering
 (b) a convocation address at a university
 (c) a speech in Indian Parliament
 (d) a speech delivered to civil servants
Q.2. Patel feels that future generations will heap curses 
on us if ____________________________________________.
 (a) we fail to protect our freedom 
 (b) we fail to protect the corrupt people in public life
 (c) we wage war against other nations 
 (d) we understand the need for peace
Q.3.	 The 	 ??rst 	 and	 foremost	 thing	 Patel	 stressed	 to	 be	
done is _____________________________________________.
 (a) to make the country strong and united 
 (b) to give employment to everyone
 (c) to ??ght a war against those who oppressed us
 (d)  to make every citizen feel happy
comity of 
nations
communalism
inheritance
resurgence
Look Up 
and Understand Unit-2.indd   20 27-Jun-2019   04:20:41 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Page 5


Let ’s Begin 1. You have read the story about Nelson Mandela in your 
textbook, First Flight, and the struggle of the people of South 
Africa. Mandela draws our attention to the meaning and 
importance of freedom and leading a life with freedom.  
   He states that freedom comes with responsibilities. 
Discuss with your peers, how freedom and responsibilities 
go hand in hand.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Reading Comp Rehension 
t ext i Given below is a speech by Sardar Patel, one of the prominent 
??gures of India’s freedom struggle. This is one of the convocation 
speeches delivered by him. Read the speech and answer the 
questions that follow. 
Sardar Patel’s Call to Youth to build  
Character and be Disciplined
I must thank you for the affectionate and warm welcome which 
you have extended to me and for the love and regard which you 
?
;
UNIT 
2
Nelso N Ma Ndela : l o Ng 
Walk to Freedo M
Unit-2.indd   17 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Words and e xpr e ssions 2 – Class x 18
have shown me by conferring this honour to me. Gifts are of 
many kinds those achieved by one’s own endeavour are good 
and deserved, but no gift should be conferred on one whose 
worthiness has not been tested. By selecting me without assuring 
yourself of my ??tness for the gift, you have laid me under a heavy 
debt and, by your injunctions that I should continue to prove 
worthy of it throughout my life, you have imposed on me a very 
dif??cult obligation. At present, I cannot say anything because I 
am bound by your love and affection; and, therefore, with your 
blessing and God’s grace, I pray that I may prove worthy of it. 
Should I fail, the blame for my failure will be shared by you  
as well.
On this occasion, I wish to place before you a few  
thoughts which occur to my mind as incidental to our  
hard-won freedom. We have now won our freedom. But 
just as I am doubtful, if I deserved the honour that 
you have done me, you have also to think whether you 
have done everything to deserve freedom that you have 
attained after such a bitter and sustained struggle.
There are people who think that having won freedom, 
there is nothing more to do about it. Freedom has come 
to us through sacri??ces. Those who made sacri??ces 
tasted the fruit of their efforts and self-denials, but it is for 
those who are now enjoying freedom to taste its fruit. After 
the last World War, there is an all-round deterioration in 
human standards. People have become self-centered. They 
have forgotten or ignored the wider interests of the country. 
The essential and noteworthy features of our struggle were: 
sacri??ce, truth, and non-violence. The weapons of the 
World War were: violence, brute force, political and 
military moves, and counter moves. As a result of 
the churning of the ocean, the world has emitted 
poison. That poison is spreading all over and 
there is none to swallow it. The countries which 
were free have managed to digest it somewhat, but we, who have 
just attained our freedom, it is hard to do the same. Therefore, 
those who think that having attained freedom they have attained 
everything have really attained nothing! The freedom that we 
have won is yet to be consolidated.  The foundations of freedom 
have to be well and truly laid! This one-year old child has to be 
nursed and nourished, instructed and strengthened. It is for us 
to do it and we must do it.
Unit-2.indd   18 27-Jun-2019   04:20:40 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Unit 2 – Nelson Mandela : l ong Walk to Freedo M 19
Sentences
In India today, there is no time for useless controversies and 
unnecessary debates and disputes. One can indulge in these 
pastimes when one has time and leisure. At present, we have 
to occupy ourselves with the all absorbing task of making the 
foundation of our freedom strong and unassailable. We have to 
re??ect on our place in this broken and destructed world and what 
our duty and obligations are! If we fail to make the best use of 
our freedom to make it worthwhile and turn it to our advantage 
and advancements, future generations will heap curses on us. 
They will say that a spiritualist, a great soul gave us this precious 
boon, but we did not know how to retain it and lost it.
I should like to urge upon those who train citizens of tomorrow 
and to those citizens of tomorrow that we have yet to stand on 
our feet. We must concentrate on one thing alone, viz., how to 
make our country strong and united. We can make it strong 
when hearts are pure and when we fully appreciate our duty. 
Now that foreign rulers have gone, are we in a position to sustain 
the whole burden that has devolved on us? When we took over 
from them, the administrative fabric was in tatters. We have 
to mend and place it. This, in itself, is a heavy responsibility. 
It is for our universities to train young men to shoulder these 
responsibilities.
The great university of life is full of experiences, but to make 
full use of those experiences, all of us students, teachers and 
professors — have to be cautious and on guard.
The most essential requisite is character. If your character is 
lacking and you leave the precincts of the alma mater without 
your character fully developed, you will be wasting an opportunity 
of a lifetime.
You have to realise that India has to attain its rightful place 
in the comity of nations. The leadership of Asia would be hers 
if she conducts herself well and if her citizens make their ??tting 
contribution to nation’s resurgence. Whatever trials and troubles 
we might have passed through, there is no denying the fact 
that we have a precious inheritance and the teachings we have 
received from the departed leaders are great assets for us.
India abounds in the resources of nature and manpower. They 
are awaiting full use. That task must devolve on young men and 
women. We ourselves were trained in the school of experience. 
We fought for freedom and we have attained that prize for you. It 
is now up to you to prove yourself worthy of the same. This you 
can do only if you work with single-minded devotion to the cause 
of the country. It is only then that you can deserve this freedom 
and be proud of it.
conferring
endeavour
obligation
precincts
unassailable
Look Up 
and Understand Unit-2.indd   19 27-Jun-2019   04:20:41 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Words and e xpr e ssions 2 – Class x 20
The real danger of India lies in our disunity. That poison of 
communalism was spread in the past. You should draw a curtain 
over it. Only then could we equip ourselves for the freedom that 
has come to us. There are still people in the country whose loyalty 
to India has not settled down. They should and will leave India.
This is the occasion for mutual help and mutual cooperation. 
We must know what our duty is as true citizens. Your teacher has 
to impart that duty. Unless we learn to shoulder our responsibility 
in the true spirit of discipline and citizenship we cannot go ahead. 
We must strengthen our shoulders and our legs so that we can 
stand erect and bear the burden that has devolved on us. Then 
alone would we secure the real objective of freedom.
(Source: The Collected Works of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel  
Volume XIII [1 January 1948 – 31 December 1948],  
Editor: P.N. Chopra, Konark  Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi)
Complete the sentences given below by choosing the 
most appropriate word or phrase.
Q.1. The occasion of the speech of Sardar Patel here is 
____________________________________________________.
 (a) an address to a public gathering
 (b) a convocation address at a university
 (c) a speech in Indian Parliament
 (d) a speech delivered to civil servants
Q.2. Patel feels that future generations will heap curses 
on us if ____________________________________________.
 (a) we fail to protect our freedom 
 (b) we fail to protect the corrupt people in public life
 (c) we wage war against other nations 
 (d) we understand the need for peace
Q.3.	 The 	 ??rst 	 and	 foremost	 thing	 Patel	 stressed	 to	 be	
done is _____________________________________________.
 (a) to make the country strong and united 
 (b) to give employment to everyone
 (c) to ??ght a war against those who oppressed us
 (d)  to make every citizen feel happy
comity of 
nations
communalism
inheritance
resurgence
Look Up 
and Understand Unit-2.indd   20 27-Jun-2019   04:20:41 PM
Reprint 2025-26
Unit 2 – Nelson Mandela : l ong Walk to Freedo M 21
Sentences
Q.4. One major characteristic of university education, 
as Sardar Patel believes, is _________________. 
 (a) character
 (b) duty
 (c) knowledge 
 (d) power
Q.5. What did Patel not mean when he said, “You have 
to realise that India has to attain its rightful place 
in the comity of nations”? Tick the right answer.
 (a) Friendly and cordial relationship with other nations
 (b) Group of nations which wage war against other
 (c) Community of people
 (d) Nations from a continent
Q.6. ‘India abounds in the resources of nature and  
manpower’ means _________________________________.
 (a) India has a vibrant economy
 (b) India’s natural resources and population are a 
great resource
 (c) India’s lack of manpower
 (d) Indians are great resource for development
Q.7. What is the greatest danger for India as Patel  
believes in his speech?
 (a) India has a vibrant economy.
 (b) India’s natural resources and population are a 
great resource.
 (c) India’s lack of manpower.
 (d) Indians are great resource for development.
Q.8. Complete the following statement based on your 
understanding of Patel’s speech.
 The ??rst and foremost duty of the young nation is 
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Unit-2.indd   21 27-Jun-2019   04:20:42 PM
Reprint 2025-26