Selina Textbook Solutions: Absorption by Roots - The Processes Involved | Biology Class 10 ICSE PDF Download

 Page 1


 
            
A. MULTIPLE CHIOCE TYPE: 
 
Question 1:  
Absorption of water by the plant cells by surface attraction is called: 
(a) Diffusion 
(b) Osmosis 
(c) Imbibition 
(d) Endosmosis 
Solution 1: 
c) Imbibition 
 
 
Question 2: 
A plant cell placed in a certain solution got plasmolysed. What was the kind of solution? 
(a) Isotonic sugar solution 
(b) Hypotonic salt solution 
(c) Hypertonic salt solution  
(d) Isotonic salt solution 
Solution 2: 
c) Hypertonic salt solution 
 
 
Question 3: 
The state of a cell in which the cell wall is rigid and stretched by the increase in volume due to 
the absorption of water is called. 
(a) Flaccidity 
(b) Turgidity 
(c) Capillarity 
(d) Tonicity 
Solution 3: 
b) Turgidity 
 
 
Question 4: 
Which one of the following is a characteristic NOT related with the suitability of the roots for 
absorbing water? 
(a) Tremendous surface area 
(b) contain cell sap at a higher concentration than the surrounding soil water 
(c) Root hairs have thin cell walls 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Class X               Chapter 3 - Absorption By Roots - The Process Involved                Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
Page 2


 
            
A. MULTIPLE CHIOCE TYPE: 
 
Question 1:  
Absorption of water by the plant cells by surface attraction is called: 
(a) Diffusion 
(b) Osmosis 
(c) Imbibition 
(d) Endosmosis 
Solution 1: 
c) Imbibition 
 
 
Question 2: 
A plant cell placed in a certain solution got plasmolysed. What was the kind of solution? 
(a) Isotonic sugar solution 
(b) Hypotonic salt solution 
(c) Hypertonic salt solution  
(d) Isotonic salt solution 
Solution 2: 
c) Hypertonic salt solution 
 
 
Question 3: 
The state of a cell in which the cell wall is rigid and stretched by the increase in volume due to 
the absorption of water is called. 
(a) Flaccidity 
(b) Turgidity 
(c) Capillarity 
(d) Tonicity 
Solution 3: 
b) Turgidity 
 
 
Question 4: 
Which one of the following is a characteristic NOT related with the suitability of the roots for 
absorbing water? 
(a) Tremendous surface area 
(b) contain cell sap at a higher concentration than the surrounding soil water 
(c) Root hairs have thin cell walls 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Class X               Chapter 3 - Absorption By Roots - The Process Involved                Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
Solution 4: 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Question 5: 
Movement of molecules of a substance from the region of their higher concentration to the 
region of their lower concentration without the involvement a separating membrane, is called 
(a) Osmosis  
(b) Diffusion  
(c) active transport 
(d) Capillarity 
Solution 5: 
(b) Diffusion 
 
 
Question 6: 
Osmosis and diffusion are the same except that osmosis there is: 
(a) a freely permeable membrane 
(b) a cell wall in between 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
(d) an endless inflow of water into a cell 
Solution 6: 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
 
 
Question 7: 
The highest water potential (capacity to move out higher concentrated solution) is that of  
(a) Pure water  
(b) 10% salt solution 
(c) Honey 
(d) 50% sugar solution  
Solution 7 
(a) Pure water 
 
 
Question 8: 
The space between the cell wall and plasma membrane in a plasmolysed cell is filled with. 
(a) isotonic solution 
(b) hypotonic solution 
(c) Hypertonic solution 
(d) water 
 
Page 3


 
            
A. MULTIPLE CHIOCE TYPE: 
 
Question 1:  
Absorption of water by the plant cells by surface attraction is called: 
(a) Diffusion 
(b) Osmosis 
(c) Imbibition 
(d) Endosmosis 
Solution 1: 
c) Imbibition 
 
 
Question 2: 
A plant cell placed in a certain solution got plasmolysed. What was the kind of solution? 
(a) Isotonic sugar solution 
(b) Hypotonic salt solution 
(c) Hypertonic salt solution  
(d) Isotonic salt solution 
Solution 2: 
c) Hypertonic salt solution 
 
 
Question 3: 
The state of a cell in which the cell wall is rigid and stretched by the increase in volume due to 
the absorption of water is called. 
(a) Flaccidity 
(b) Turgidity 
(c) Capillarity 
(d) Tonicity 
Solution 3: 
b) Turgidity 
 
 
Question 4: 
Which one of the following is a characteristic NOT related with the suitability of the roots for 
absorbing water? 
(a) Tremendous surface area 
(b) contain cell sap at a higher concentration than the surrounding soil water 
(c) Root hairs have thin cell walls 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Class X               Chapter 3 - Absorption By Roots - The Process Involved                Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
Solution 4: 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Question 5: 
Movement of molecules of a substance from the region of their higher concentration to the 
region of their lower concentration without the involvement a separating membrane, is called 
(a) Osmosis  
(b) Diffusion  
(c) active transport 
(d) Capillarity 
Solution 5: 
(b) Diffusion 
 
 
Question 6: 
Osmosis and diffusion are the same except that osmosis there is: 
(a) a freely permeable membrane 
(b) a cell wall in between 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
(d) an endless inflow of water into a cell 
Solution 6: 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
 
 
Question 7: 
The highest water potential (capacity to move out higher concentrated solution) is that of  
(a) Pure water  
(b) 10% salt solution 
(c) Honey 
(d) 50% sugar solution  
Solution 7 
(a) Pure water 
 
 
Question 8: 
The space between the cell wall and plasma membrane in a plasmolysed cell is filled with. 
(a) isotonic solution 
(b) hypotonic solution 
(c) Hypertonic solution 
(d) water 
 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
Solution 8: 
(d) water 
 
 
Question 9: 
What is responsible for guttation? 
(a) Osmotic pressure 
(b) Root pressure 
(c) suction pressure  
(d) Capillarity 
Solution 9: 
(b) Root pressure 
 
 
Question 10: 
The most appropriate characteristic of a semipermeable membrane is that 
(a) it has minute pores 
(b) it has no pores 
(c) it allows the solute to pass through but not the solvent 
(d) it allows a solvent to pass through freely but prevents the passage of the solute. 
Solution 10: 
(d) it allows a solvent to pass through freely but prevents the passage of the solute 
 
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE: 
 
Question 1: 
Name the following: 
(a) The condition of a cell placed in a hypotonic solution. 
(b) The process by which intact plants lose water in the form of droplets from leaf margins 
(c) The process by which water enters root hairs. 
(d) The term for the inward movement of solvent molecules through the plasma membrane of 
a cell.  
(e) The process by which molecules distributes themselves evenly within the space they occupy 
(f) The pressure which is responsible for the movement of water molecules across the cortical 
cells of the root. 
(g) The pressure which is responsible for the movement of water molecules across the cortical 
cells of the root. 
Solution 1: 
(a) Turgidity 
(b) Guttation 
(c) Osmosis 
(d) Xylem 
(e) Endosmosis 
Page 4


 
            
A. MULTIPLE CHIOCE TYPE: 
 
Question 1:  
Absorption of water by the plant cells by surface attraction is called: 
(a) Diffusion 
(b) Osmosis 
(c) Imbibition 
(d) Endosmosis 
Solution 1: 
c) Imbibition 
 
 
Question 2: 
A plant cell placed in a certain solution got plasmolysed. What was the kind of solution? 
(a) Isotonic sugar solution 
(b) Hypotonic salt solution 
(c) Hypertonic salt solution  
(d) Isotonic salt solution 
Solution 2: 
c) Hypertonic salt solution 
 
 
Question 3: 
The state of a cell in which the cell wall is rigid and stretched by the increase in volume due to 
the absorption of water is called. 
(a) Flaccidity 
(b) Turgidity 
(c) Capillarity 
(d) Tonicity 
Solution 3: 
b) Turgidity 
 
 
Question 4: 
Which one of the following is a characteristic NOT related with the suitability of the roots for 
absorbing water? 
(a) Tremendous surface area 
(b) contain cell sap at a higher concentration than the surrounding soil water 
(c) Root hairs have thin cell walls 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Class X               Chapter 3 - Absorption By Roots - The Process Involved                Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
Solution 4: 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Question 5: 
Movement of molecules of a substance from the region of their higher concentration to the 
region of their lower concentration without the involvement a separating membrane, is called 
(a) Osmosis  
(b) Diffusion  
(c) active transport 
(d) Capillarity 
Solution 5: 
(b) Diffusion 
 
 
Question 6: 
Osmosis and diffusion are the same except that osmosis there is: 
(a) a freely permeable membrane 
(b) a cell wall in between 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
(d) an endless inflow of water into a cell 
Solution 6: 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
 
 
Question 7: 
The highest water potential (capacity to move out higher concentrated solution) is that of  
(a) Pure water  
(b) 10% salt solution 
(c) Honey 
(d) 50% sugar solution  
Solution 7 
(a) Pure water 
 
 
Question 8: 
The space between the cell wall and plasma membrane in a plasmolysed cell is filled with. 
(a) isotonic solution 
(b) hypotonic solution 
(c) Hypertonic solution 
(d) water 
 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
Solution 8: 
(d) water 
 
 
Question 9: 
What is responsible for guttation? 
(a) Osmotic pressure 
(b) Root pressure 
(c) suction pressure  
(d) Capillarity 
Solution 9: 
(b) Root pressure 
 
 
Question 10: 
The most appropriate characteristic of a semipermeable membrane is that 
(a) it has minute pores 
(b) it has no pores 
(c) it allows the solute to pass through but not the solvent 
(d) it allows a solvent to pass through freely but prevents the passage of the solute. 
Solution 10: 
(d) it allows a solvent to pass through freely but prevents the passage of the solute 
 
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE: 
 
Question 1: 
Name the following: 
(a) The condition of a cell placed in a hypotonic solution. 
(b) The process by which intact plants lose water in the form of droplets from leaf margins 
(c) The process by which water enters root hairs. 
(d) The term for the inward movement of solvent molecules through the plasma membrane of 
a cell.  
(e) The process by which molecules distributes themselves evenly within the space they occupy 
(f) The pressure which is responsible for the movement of water molecules across the cortical 
cells of the root. 
(g) The pressure which is responsible for the movement of water molecules across the cortical 
cells of the root. 
Solution 1: 
(a) Turgidity 
(b) Guttation 
(c) Osmosis 
(d) Xylem 
(e) Endosmosis 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
(f) Diffusion 
(g) Root pressure 
 
Question 2: 
Give the equivalent terms for the following: 
(a) Pressure of the cell contents on the cell wall 
(b) The condition in which the cell contents are shrunken 
(c)  Loss of water through a cut stem 
Solution 2: 
(a) Turgor pressure 
(b) Flaccidity 
(c) Bleeding 
 
Question 3: 
Complete the following statements: 
(a) Hypotonic solution is one in which the solution kept outside the cell has lower solute 
concentration than ……………… the cell. 
(b) Active transport is one in which the ions outside the roots are …………… 
(c) The bending movements of certain flowers towards the sun and the sleep movements of 
certain plants at night are examples of………… 
Solution 3: 
(a) the fluids inside  
(b) transported inside against their concentration gradient  
(c) turgor movements 
 
Question 4: 
(a) When placed in a more concentrated solution, the cell contents will………… 
(shrink / swell up) 
(b) The pressure by which the …………. Molecules tend to cross the semi-permeable membrane 
is called osmotic pressure. (salt / water) 
(c) Active transport is in a direction ………….. to that of diffusion. (opposite / Same) 
Solution 4: 
(a) Shrink 
(b) Water 
(c) opposite 
 
Question 5: 
Match the items in column I with those in column II  
 
 Column I Column II 
a Xylem (i) semi - permeable 
b Phloem (ii) permeable 
Page 5


 
            
A. MULTIPLE CHIOCE TYPE: 
 
Question 1:  
Absorption of water by the plant cells by surface attraction is called: 
(a) Diffusion 
(b) Osmosis 
(c) Imbibition 
(d) Endosmosis 
Solution 1: 
c) Imbibition 
 
 
Question 2: 
A plant cell placed in a certain solution got plasmolysed. What was the kind of solution? 
(a) Isotonic sugar solution 
(b) Hypotonic salt solution 
(c) Hypertonic salt solution  
(d) Isotonic salt solution 
Solution 2: 
c) Hypertonic salt solution 
 
 
Question 3: 
The state of a cell in which the cell wall is rigid and stretched by the increase in volume due to 
the absorption of water is called. 
(a) Flaccidity 
(b) Turgidity 
(c) Capillarity 
(d) Tonicity 
Solution 3: 
b) Turgidity 
 
 
Question 4: 
Which one of the following is a characteristic NOT related with the suitability of the roots for 
absorbing water? 
(a) Tremendous surface area 
(b) contain cell sap at a higher concentration than the surrounding soil water 
(c) Root hairs have thin cell walls 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Class X               Chapter 3 - Absorption By Roots - The Process Involved                Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
Solution 4: 
(d) Grow downward into the soil 
 
 
Question 5: 
Movement of molecules of a substance from the region of their higher concentration to the 
region of their lower concentration without the involvement a separating membrane, is called 
(a) Osmosis  
(b) Diffusion  
(c) active transport 
(d) Capillarity 
Solution 5: 
(b) Diffusion 
 
 
Question 6: 
Osmosis and diffusion are the same except that osmosis there is: 
(a) a freely permeable membrane 
(b) a cell wall in between 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
(d) an endless inflow of water into a cell 
Solution 6: 
(c) a selectively permeable membrane in between 
 
 
Question 7: 
The highest water potential (capacity to move out higher concentrated solution) is that of  
(a) Pure water  
(b) 10% salt solution 
(c) Honey 
(d) 50% sugar solution  
Solution 7 
(a) Pure water 
 
 
Question 8: 
The space between the cell wall and plasma membrane in a plasmolysed cell is filled with. 
(a) isotonic solution 
(b) hypotonic solution 
(c) Hypertonic solution 
(d) water 
 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
Solution 8: 
(d) water 
 
 
Question 9: 
What is responsible for guttation? 
(a) Osmotic pressure 
(b) Root pressure 
(c) suction pressure  
(d) Capillarity 
Solution 9: 
(b) Root pressure 
 
 
Question 10: 
The most appropriate characteristic of a semipermeable membrane is that 
(a) it has minute pores 
(b) it has no pores 
(c) it allows the solute to pass through but not the solvent 
(d) it allows a solvent to pass through freely but prevents the passage of the solute. 
Solution 10: 
(d) it allows a solvent to pass through freely but prevents the passage of the solute 
 
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE: 
 
Question 1: 
Name the following: 
(a) The condition of a cell placed in a hypotonic solution. 
(b) The process by which intact plants lose water in the form of droplets from leaf margins 
(c) The process by which water enters root hairs. 
(d) The term for the inward movement of solvent molecules through the plasma membrane of 
a cell.  
(e) The process by which molecules distributes themselves evenly within the space they occupy 
(f) The pressure which is responsible for the movement of water molecules across the cortical 
cells of the root. 
(g) The pressure which is responsible for the movement of water molecules across the cortical 
cells of the root. 
Solution 1: 
(a) Turgidity 
(b) Guttation 
(c) Osmosis 
(d) Xylem 
(e) Endosmosis 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
(f) Diffusion 
(g) Root pressure 
 
Question 2: 
Give the equivalent terms for the following: 
(a) Pressure of the cell contents on the cell wall 
(b) The condition in which the cell contents are shrunken 
(c)  Loss of water through a cut stem 
Solution 2: 
(a) Turgor pressure 
(b) Flaccidity 
(c) Bleeding 
 
Question 3: 
Complete the following statements: 
(a) Hypotonic solution is one in which the solution kept outside the cell has lower solute 
concentration than ……………… the cell. 
(b) Active transport is one in which the ions outside the roots are …………… 
(c) The bending movements of certain flowers towards the sun and the sleep movements of 
certain plants at night are examples of………… 
Solution 3: 
(a) the fluids inside  
(b) transported inside against their concentration gradient  
(c) turgor movements 
 
Question 4: 
(a) When placed in a more concentrated solution, the cell contents will………… 
(shrink / swell up) 
(b) The pressure by which the …………. Molecules tend to cross the semi-permeable membrane 
is called osmotic pressure. (salt / water) 
(c) Active transport is in a direction ………….. to that of diffusion. (opposite / Same) 
Solution 4: 
(a) Shrink 
(b) Water 
(c) opposite 
 
Question 5: 
Match the items in column I with those in column II  
 
 Column I Column II 
a Xylem (i) semi - permeable 
b Phloem (ii) permeable 
Class X Chapter 4 – Absorption of Roots  Biology 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
 
c Cell membrane (iii) downward flow of sap 
d Root pressure (iv) upward flow of water 
e Cell wall (v) guttation 
Solution 5: 
 Column I Column II 
a Xylem (iv) upward flow of water 
b Phloem (iii) downward flow of sap 
c Cell membrane (i) semi-permeable 
d Root pressure (v) guttation 
e Cell wall (ii) permeable 
 
 
SHORT ANSWER TYPE: 
 
Question 1: 
Differentiate between the following: 
(a) Plasmolysis and deplasmolysis 
(b) Turgor pressure and wall pressure 
(c) Guttation and bleeding 
(d) Turgidity and Flaccidity 
Solution 1: 
(a)  
Plasmolysis Deplasmolysis 
1. It refers to the shrinkage of the 
cytoplasm and withdrawal of the plasma 
membrane from the cell wall caused due 
to the withdrawal of water when placed 
in a hypertonic solution. 
2. In Plasmolysis, the cell becomes flaccid. 
1. Deplasmolysis is the recovery of a 
plasmolysed cell when it is placed 
in water, wherein the cell's 
protoplasm again swells up due to 
the re-entry of water. 
 
2. In deplasmolysis, the cell becomes 
turgid. 
(b) 
Turgor pressure Wall pressure 
Turgor pressure is the pressure of the cell 
contents on the cell wall. 
Wall pressure is the pressure exerted by 
the cell wall on the cell content. 
(c) 
Guttation Bleeding 
Guttation is the process by which drops of 
water appear along leaf margins due to 
excessive root pressure. 
Bleeding is the loss of cell sap through a 
cut stem. 
(d) 
Turgidity Flaccidity