PPT: Recent Developments in Indian Politics | Political Science Class 12 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

 Page 1


Recent Developments in 
Indian Politics
Page 2


Recent Developments in 
Indian Politics
Context of the 1990s
1
Rajiv Gandhi's Leadership
Rajiv Gandhi became Prime Minister after Indira Gandhi's 
assassination and led Congress to a massive victory in 1984 Lok 
Sabha elections.
2
Five Key Developments
As the 1980s ended, five developments occurred that would have a 
long-lasting impact on Indian politics.
Page 3


Recent Developments in 
Indian Politics
Context of the 1990s
1
Rajiv Gandhi's Leadership
Rajiv Gandhi became Prime Minister after Indira Gandhi's 
assassination and led Congress to a massive victory in 1984 Lok 
Sabha elections.
2
Five Key Developments
As the 1980s ended, five developments occurred that would have a 
long-lasting impact on Indian politics.
End of Congress 
Dominance
1
1989 Elections
The Congress party faced a significant defeat, winning only 197 seats 
compared to 415 in 1984.
2
End of 'Congress System'
The 1989 elections marked the end of what political scientists called 
the 'Congress system' .
3
Rise of 'Mandal Issue'
The National Front government's decision to implement OBC 
reservations led to the rise of the 'Mandal issue' in national politics.
Page 4


Recent Developments in 
Indian Politics
Context of the 1990s
1
Rajiv Gandhi's Leadership
Rajiv Gandhi became Prime Minister after Indira Gandhi's 
assassination and led Congress to a massive victory in 1984 Lok 
Sabha elections.
2
Five Key Developments
As the 1980s ended, five developments occurred that would have a 
long-lasting impact on Indian politics.
End of Congress 
Dominance
1
1989 Elections
The Congress party faced a significant defeat, winning only 197 seats 
compared to 415 in 1984.
2
End of 'Congress System'
The 1989 elections marked the end of what political scientists called 
the 'Congress system' .
3
Rise of 'Mandal Issue'
The National Front government's decision to implement OBC 
reservations led to the rise of the 'Mandal issue' in national politics.
Major Political and 
Economic Shifts
1
Economic Reforms
Rajiv Gandhi initiated structural adjustment programmes, which 
became visible in 1991 and radically changed India's economic 
direction.
2
Ram Janmabhoomi Issue
The Ayodhya dispute started influencing Indian politics, transforming 
discussions on secularism and democracy.
3
Rajiv Gandhi's Assassination
Rajiv Gandhi's assassination in May 1991 led to a change in Congress 
party leadership, with Narsimha Rao becoming Prime Minister.
Page 5


Recent Developments in 
Indian Politics
Context of the 1990s
1
Rajiv Gandhi's Leadership
Rajiv Gandhi became Prime Minister after Indira Gandhi's 
assassination and led Congress to a massive victory in 1984 Lok 
Sabha elections.
2
Five Key Developments
As the 1980s ended, five developments occurred that would have a 
long-lasting impact on Indian politics.
End of Congress 
Dominance
1
1989 Elections
The Congress party faced a significant defeat, winning only 197 seats 
compared to 415 in 1984.
2
End of 'Congress System'
The 1989 elections marked the end of what political scientists called 
the 'Congress system' .
3
Rise of 'Mandal Issue'
The National Front government's decision to implement OBC 
reservations led to the rise of the 'Mandal issue' in national politics.
Major Political and 
Economic Shifts
1
Economic Reforms
Rajiv Gandhi initiated structural adjustment programmes, which 
became visible in 1991 and radically changed India's economic 
direction.
2
Ram Janmabhoomi Issue
The Ayodhya dispute started influencing Indian politics, transforming 
discussions on secularism and democracy.
3
Rajiv Gandhi's Assassination
Rajiv Gandhi's assassination in May 1991 led to a change in Congress 
party leadership, with Narsimha Rao becoming Prime Minister.
Era of Coalitions
1
2
3
The 1989 elections led to the defeat of the Congress party but did not result in a majority for any other party. Though the Congress was the largest party in 
the Lok Sabha, it did not have a clear majority and therefore, it decided to sit in the opposition. 
The National Front (which itself was an alliance of Janata Dal and some other regional parties) received support from two diametrically opposite political 
groups: the BJP and the Left Front. On this basis, the National Front formed a coalition government, but the BJP and the Left Front did not join in this 
government.
1989 Elections
No party secured a clear majority
National Front Coalition
Formed government with support from BJP and 
Left Front
Congress in Opposition
Despite being the largest party, Congress sat in 
opposition