PPT: Executive | Political Science Class 11 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

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EXECUTIVE
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EXECUTIVE
WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE?
An executive is a person or group responsible for 
administration and decision-making in an 
organization. In government, the executive branch 
implements laws and policies adopted by the 
legislature.
The executive includes both political leaders (like 
presidents and ministers) and the administrative 
machinery (civil servants). The political executive 
sets overall policy, while the permanent executive 
handles day-to-day administration.
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EXECUTIVE
WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE?
An executive is a person or group responsible for 
administration and decision-making in an 
organization. In government, the executive branch 
implements laws and policies adopted by the 
legislature.
The executive includes both political leaders (like 
presidents and ministers) and the administrative 
machinery (civil servants). The political executive 
sets overall policy, while the permanent executive 
handles day-to-day administration.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT 
TYPES OF EXECUTIVE?
1
Presidential System
The president is both 
head of state and head of 
government (e.g. USA)
2
Parliamentary 
System
The prime minister is 
head of government, with 
a ceremonial president or 
monarch as head of state 
(e.g. UK, India)
3
Semi-Presidential System
Both a president and prime minister, with the president 
having significant powers (e.g. France, Russia)
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EXECUTIVE
WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE?
An executive is a person or group responsible for 
administration and decision-making in an 
organization. In government, the executive branch 
implements laws and policies adopted by the 
legislature.
The executive includes both political leaders (like 
presidents and ministers) and the administrative 
machinery (civil servants). The political executive 
sets overall policy, while the permanent executive 
handles day-to-day administration.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT 
TYPES OF EXECUTIVE?
1
Presidential System
The president is both 
head of state and head of 
government (e.g. USA)
2
Parliamentary 
System
The prime minister is 
head of government, with 
a ceremonial president or 
monarch as head of state 
(e.g. UK, India)
3
Semi-Presidential System
Both a president and prime minister, with the president 
having significant powers (e.g. France, Russia)
System Head of State Head of Government Examples
Presidential President President USA, Brazil
Parliamentary President/Monarch Prime Minister UK, Germany, Japan
Semi-Presidential President Prime Minister France, Russia
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EXECUTIVE
WHAT IS AN EXECUTIVE?
An executive is a person or group responsible for 
administration and decision-making in an 
organization. In government, the executive branch 
implements laws and policies adopted by the 
legislature.
The executive includes both political leaders (like 
presidents and ministers) and the administrative 
machinery (civil servants). The political executive 
sets overall policy, while the permanent executive 
handles day-to-day administration.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT 
TYPES OF EXECUTIVE?
1
Presidential System
The president is both 
head of state and head of 
government (e.g. USA)
2
Parliamentary 
System
The prime minister is 
head of government, with 
a ceremonial president or 
monarch as head of state 
(e.g. UK, India)
3
Semi-Presidential System
Both a president and prime minister, with the president 
having significant powers (e.g. France, Russia)
System Head of State Head of Government Examples
Presidential President President USA, Brazil
Parliamentary President/Monarch Prime Minister UK, Germany, Japan
Semi-Presidential President Prime Minister France, Russia
Semi-Presidential 
Executive in Sri Lanka
1
1978
Sri Lanka amended constitution to 
introduce Executive Presidency
2
President's Powers
Directly elected, chooses PM, can remove 
PM/ministers
3
Term
Elected for 6 years, can only be removed by 
2/3 parliamentary vote