Selina Textbook Solutions: Urbanization | Geography Class 8 ICSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Urbanization 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. Cities offer the migrant better education prospects for him or his children. 
2. Workers in cities get higher wages. 
3. Rural areas act as the push factor while urban areas are the pull factor. 
4. Satellite towns or cities are socially and economically independent, either 
completely or partially. 
5. In India, 60 cities have been selected as Smart Cities. 
B. Match the following columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
Page 2


Urbanization 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. Cities offer the migrant better education prospects for him or his children. 
2. Workers in cities get higher wages. 
3. Rural areas act as the push factor while urban areas are the pull factor. 
4. Satellite towns or cities are socially and economically independent, either 
completely or partially. 
5. In India, 60 cities have been selected as Smart Cities. 
B. Match the following columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
C. State whether the following are true or false 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to lack of job opportunities. 
Answer. False. 
Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to plenty of job opportunities. 
2. People in the urban areas have less access to health, educational, cultural and social 
services than in rural areas. 
Answer. False. 
People in the urban areas have greater access to health, educational, cultural and 
social services than in rural areas. 
3. Slums are usually located on land not owned by the slum dwellers. 
Answer. True. 
4. Satellite towns/cities are connected to the metropolis by trains and motorways. 
Answer. True. 
5. Mumbai is one of the 20 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
Answer. False. 
Mumbai is not one of the 60 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
D. Answer the following questions in brief 
Question 1. 
Define urbanization ? 
Answer: 
Urbanization is the process in which more and more people start to live and work in 
towns and cities rather than villages. 
Question 2. 
List any three factors responsible for the urbanization of a place. 
Answer: 
Factors responsible for the urbanization of a place are : 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around cities provide plenty of job opportunities. 
2. Modern lifestyle and freedom from social practice like caste system in villages. 
3. Better medical facilities and health care services. 
4. Better education prospects for migrants and their children. 
5. Cities offer higher wages to workers. 
 
Page 3


Urbanization 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. Cities offer the migrant better education prospects for him or his children. 
2. Workers in cities get higher wages. 
3. Rural areas act as the push factor while urban areas are the pull factor. 
4. Satellite towns or cities are socially and economically independent, either 
completely or partially. 
5. In India, 60 cities have been selected as Smart Cities. 
B. Match the following columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
C. State whether the following are true or false 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to lack of job opportunities. 
Answer. False. 
Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to plenty of job opportunities. 
2. People in the urban areas have less access to health, educational, cultural and social 
services than in rural areas. 
Answer. False. 
People in the urban areas have greater access to health, educational, cultural and 
social services than in rural areas. 
3. Slums are usually located on land not owned by the slum dwellers. 
Answer. True. 
4. Satellite towns/cities are connected to the metropolis by trains and motorways. 
Answer. True. 
5. Mumbai is one of the 20 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
Answer. False. 
Mumbai is not one of the 60 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
D. Answer the following questions in brief 
Question 1. 
Define urbanization ? 
Answer: 
Urbanization is the process in which more and more people start to live and work in 
towns and cities rather than villages. 
Question 2. 
List any three factors responsible for the urbanization of a place. 
Answer: 
Factors responsible for the urbanization of a place are : 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around cities provide plenty of job opportunities. 
2. Modern lifestyle and freedom from social practice like caste system in villages. 
3. Better medical facilities and health care services. 
4. Better education prospects for migrants and their children. 
5. Cities offer higher wages to workers. 
 
Question 3. 
Mention three ways in which the environment is affected as a result of increased 
urbanization. 
Answer: 
With the increase in urbanization, the environment is affected in many ways as : 
1. There is a steep rise in air pollution due to more factories and motor vehicles 
plying on the roads. 
2. The expansion of cities leads to the destruction of flora and fauna. Demand for 
more housing leads to deforestation and destruction of wetlands which drive away 
many birds and animals from their natural habitats. 
3. In many areas close to the sea, urbanization damages the ocean ecosystem. 
4. Destruction of green areas and increase in buildings leads to an increase in city 
temperatures. 
5. Rise in air pollution leads to respiratory diseases and allergies. 
Question 4. 
What are satellite cities ? 
Answer: 
• Satellite cities : are smaller cities that come around larger cities but are 
independent of them. Its main objective is to relieve pressure from the main city. 
For example : 
• Main city : New Delhi — Satellite cities are Noida and Gurugram. 
Main city Mubai — Satellite cities are Thane and Navi Mumbai. 
Question 5. 
Briefly mention the aspects of urban life which serve as the basis for the smart cities. 
Answer: 
The different aspects of urban life which are normally the basis of smart cities are 
economy, environment, governance, human capital, international outreach, mobility and 
transportation, public management, social cohesion, technology, and urban planning. 
Question 6. 
What do you understand by Smart Cities ? 
Answer: 
Smart Cities : are urban regions that are highly advanced in terms of overall 
infrastructure, sustainable real estate, communications and market viability. The main 
purpose of a smart city is to improve the quality of life of the people by using information 
technology (IT) and to push economic growth. For example : In India, 60 cities have 
been selected as — ‘Smart Cities’ under Smart Cities mission. It include Jaipur, Pune, 
Lucknow, Chandigarh, Hyderabad, Raipur, Indore, Bhopal, Kochi, etc. 
 
Page 4


Urbanization 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. Cities offer the migrant better education prospects for him or his children. 
2. Workers in cities get higher wages. 
3. Rural areas act as the push factor while urban areas are the pull factor. 
4. Satellite towns or cities are socially and economically independent, either 
completely or partially. 
5. In India, 60 cities have been selected as Smart Cities. 
B. Match the following columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
C. State whether the following are true or false 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to lack of job opportunities. 
Answer. False. 
Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to plenty of job opportunities. 
2. People in the urban areas have less access to health, educational, cultural and social 
services than in rural areas. 
Answer. False. 
People in the urban areas have greater access to health, educational, cultural and 
social services than in rural areas. 
3. Slums are usually located on land not owned by the slum dwellers. 
Answer. True. 
4. Satellite towns/cities are connected to the metropolis by trains and motorways. 
Answer. True. 
5. Mumbai is one of the 20 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
Answer. False. 
Mumbai is not one of the 60 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
D. Answer the following questions in brief 
Question 1. 
Define urbanization ? 
Answer: 
Urbanization is the process in which more and more people start to live and work in 
towns and cities rather than villages. 
Question 2. 
List any three factors responsible for the urbanization of a place. 
Answer: 
Factors responsible for the urbanization of a place are : 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around cities provide plenty of job opportunities. 
2. Modern lifestyle and freedom from social practice like caste system in villages. 
3. Better medical facilities and health care services. 
4. Better education prospects for migrants and their children. 
5. Cities offer higher wages to workers. 
 
Question 3. 
Mention three ways in which the environment is affected as a result of increased 
urbanization. 
Answer: 
With the increase in urbanization, the environment is affected in many ways as : 
1. There is a steep rise in air pollution due to more factories and motor vehicles 
plying on the roads. 
2. The expansion of cities leads to the destruction of flora and fauna. Demand for 
more housing leads to deforestation and destruction of wetlands which drive away 
many birds and animals from their natural habitats. 
3. In many areas close to the sea, urbanization damages the ocean ecosystem. 
4. Destruction of green areas and increase in buildings leads to an increase in city 
temperatures. 
5. Rise in air pollution leads to respiratory diseases and allergies. 
Question 4. 
What are satellite cities ? 
Answer: 
• Satellite cities : are smaller cities that come around larger cities but are 
independent of them. Its main objective is to relieve pressure from the main city. 
For example : 
• Main city : New Delhi — Satellite cities are Noida and Gurugram. 
Main city Mubai — Satellite cities are Thane and Navi Mumbai. 
Question 5. 
Briefly mention the aspects of urban life which serve as the basis for the smart cities. 
Answer: 
The different aspects of urban life which are normally the basis of smart cities are 
economy, environment, governance, human capital, international outreach, mobility and 
transportation, public management, social cohesion, technology, and urban planning. 
Question 6. 
What do you understand by Smart Cities ? 
Answer: 
Smart Cities : are urban regions that are highly advanced in terms of overall 
infrastructure, sustainable real estate, communications and market viability. The main 
purpose of a smart city is to improve the quality of life of the people by using information 
technology (IT) and to push economic growth. For example : In India, 60 cities have 
been selected as — ‘Smart Cities’ under Smart Cities mission. It include Jaipur, Pune, 
Lucknow, Chandigarh, Hyderabad, Raipur, Indore, Bhopal, Kochi, etc. 
 
Question 7. 
Mention any five smart cities of India. 
Answer: 
Smart Cities : Hyderabad, Vadodara, Kochi, Visakhapatnam, Guwahati, Raipur, 
Bilaspur, Durgapur, Indore, Gwalior, Rourkela, Jabalpur and Bhopal. 
Question 8. 
Mention the top ten smart cities in the world. 
Answer: 
The top 10 smart cities in the world (as in 2017) 
 
 
E. Answer the following questions in detail 
Question 1. 
What are the positive impacts of urbanization ? 
Answer: 
Positive impacts of urbanization : 
1. There is development and expansion of essential services like clean water, 
electricity and transport in cities. 
2. People in urban areas have greater access to health, educational, cultural and 
social services than in rural areas. 
3. More schools, colleges, training centers and universities provide better prospects 
to the children of migrants. 
Page 5


Urbanization 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. Cities offer the migrant better education prospects for him or his children. 
2. Workers in cities get higher wages. 
3. Rural areas act as the push factor while urban areas are the pull factor. 
4. Satellite towns or cities are socially and economically independent, either 
completely or partially. 
5. In India, 60 cities have been selected as Smart Cities. 
B. Match the following columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
C. State whether the following are true or false 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to lack of job opportunities. 
Answer. False. 
Rapid industrial growth in and around the city leads to plenty of job opportunities. 
2. People in the urban areas have less access to health, educational, cultural and social 
services than in rural areas. 
Answer. False. 
People in the urban areas have greater access to health, educational, cultural and 
social services than in rural areas. 
3. Slums are usually located on land not owned by the slum dwellers. 
Answer. True. 
4. Satellite towns/cities are connected to the metropolis by trains and motorways. 
Answer. True. 
5. Mumbai is one of the 20 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
Answer. False. 
Mumbai is not one of the 60 cities selected as Smart Cities. 
D. Answer the following questions in brief 
Question 1. 
Define urbanization ? 
Answer: 
Urbanization is the process in which more and more people start to live and work in 
towns and cities rather than villages. 
Question 2. 
List any three factors responsible for the urbanization of a place. 
Answer: 
Factors responsible for the urbanization of a place are : 
1. Rapid industrial growth in and around cities provide plenty of job opportunities. 
2. Modern lifestyle and freedom from social practice like caste system in villages. 
3. Better medical facilities and health care services. 
4. Better education prospects for migrants and their children. 
5. Cities offer higher wages to workers. 
 
Question 3. 
Mention three ways in which the environment is affected as a result of increased 
urbanization. 
Answer: 
With the increase in urbanization, the environment is affected in many ways as : 
1. There is a steep rise in air pollution due to more factories and motor vehicles 
plying on the roads. 
2. The expansion of cities leads to the destruction of flora and fauna. Demand for 
more housing leads to deforestation and destruction of wetlands which drive away 
many birds and animals from their natural habitats. 
3. In many areas close to the sea, urbanization damages the ocean ecosystem. 
4. Destruction of green areas and increase in buildings leads to an increase in city 
temperatures. 
5. Rise in air pollution leads to respiratory diseases and allergies. 
Question 4. 
What are satellite cities ? 
Answer: 
• Satellite cities : are smaller cities that come around larger cities but are 
independent of them. Its main objective is to relieve pressure from the main city. 
For example : 
• Main city : New Delhi — Satellite cities are Noida and Gurugram. 
Main city Mubai — Satellite cities are Thane and Navi Mumbai. 
Question 5. 
Briefly mention the aspects of urban life which serve as the basis for the smart cities. 
Answer: 
The different aspects of urban life which are normally the basis of smart cities are 
economy, environment, governance, human capital, international outreach, mobility and 
transportation, public management, social cohesion, technology, and urban planning. 
Question 6. 
What do you understand by Smart Cities ? 
Answer: 
Smart Cities : are urban regions that are highly advanced in terms of overall 
infrastructure, sustainable real estate, communications and market viability. The main 
purpose of a smart city is to improve the quality of life of the people by using information 
technology (IT) and to push economic growth. For example : In India, 60 cities have 
been selected as — ‘Smart Cities’ under Smart Cities mission. It include Jaipur, Pune, 
Lucknow, Chandigarh, Hyderabad, Raipur, Indore, Bhopal, Kochi, etc. 
 
Question 7. 
Mention any five smart cities of India. 
Answer: 
Smart Cities : Hyderabad, Vadodara, Kochi, Visakhapatnam, Guwahati, Raipur, 
Bilaspur, Durgapur, Indore, Gwalior, Rourkela, Jabalpur and Bhopal. 
Question 8. 
Mention the top ten smart cities in the world. 
Answer: 
The top 10 smart cities in the world (as in 2017) 
 
 
E. Answer the following questions in detail 
Question 1. 
What are the positive impacts of urbanization ? 
Answer: 
Positive impacts of urbanization : 
1. There is development and expansion of essential services like clean water, 
electricity and transport in cities. 
2. People in urban areas have greater access to health, educational, cultural and 
social services than in rural areas. 
3. More schools, colleges, training centers and universities provide better prospects 
to the children of migrants. 
4. Urbanization creates harmony among people coming from different strata of 
society, allowing people of different castes, groups, languages and religions to live 
and work together, breaking down the social and cultural barriers. 
5. Urbanization allows people to acquire modern communication skills, knowledge of 
computers, smartphones, languages, etc which enable them to get jobs. 
6. Urbanization also provides people the opportunity to acquire training and work 
experience in hi-tech industries, enhancing their skills and facilitating them to 
migrate to other countries. 
Question 2. 
How does urbanization negatively impact the lives of people? 
Answer: 
Negative effects of urbanization : 
1. Migrants from village to cities end up being labourers and lead to the creation of 
slums. 
2. Slum owners can easily throw out the slum dwellers from their houses. 
3. Growth in slums puts extra pressure on essential utilities like clean drinking water, 
sanitation, electricity supply, etc. 
4. Overcrowding in slums lead to the outbreak of diseases such as malaria and 
dengue. 
5. unemployment increases as the number of people looking for jobs is more than 
jobs available. 
6. Unemployment and poverty force people to do crimes. 
7. With urbanization, environment is affected is many ways. 
• There is a steep rise in air pollution due to more factories and motor vehicles 
plying on the roads. 
• The expansion of cities leads to the destruction of flora and fauna. Demand for 
more housing leads to deforestation and destruction of wetlands which drive away 
many birds and animals from their natural habitats. 
• In many areas close to the sea, urbanization damages the ocean ecosystem. 
• Destruction of green areas and increase in buildings leads to an increase in city 
temperatures. 
• Rise in air pollution leads to respiratory diseases and allergies. 
Question 3. 
Briefly explain ways of reducing the negative impact of urbanization. 
Answer: 
Ways to reduce the negative impact of urbanization : There are various steps that 
the government can take to check and reduce the negative effects of urbanization. 
1. Sustainable and environment-friendly cities : The government should plan and 
provide environment-friendly cities with smart growth techniques and should pass 
laws to this effect. It is quite unhealthy for people to reside in unsafe and polluted 
areas. Therefore, the government should aim to build sustainable cities with