Selina Textbook Solutions: Human Resources in India | Geography Class 8 ICSE PDF Download

 Page 1


Human Resources in India 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. A resource is something that helps us to meet our needs and create wealth. 
2. The working population of a country includes both skilled and unskilled human 
resources. 
3. Scientists and doctors are example of skilled human resources. 
4. Unskilled human resources include people with little education. 
5. Good education changes the attitude and behaviour of people. 
B. Write true or false 
1. A skilled person can easily be replaced. 
Answer. False. 
A skilled person cannot easily be replaced. 
2. IT professionals are unskilled resources. 
Answer. False. 
IT professionals are skilled resources. 
3. Unskilled workers have a high income. 
Answer. False. 
Unskilled workers have a low income. 
4. Education improves the understanding of people. 
Answer. True. 
5. India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s land area. 
Answer. False. 
India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s population. 
 
 
 
 
Page 2


Human Resources in India 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. A resource is something that helps us to meet our needs and create wealth. 
2. The working population of a country includes both skilled and unskilled human 
resources. 
3. Scientists and doctors are example of skilled human resources. 
4. Unskilled human resources include people with little education. 
5. Good education changes the attitude and behaviour of people. 
B. Write true or false 
1. A skilled person can easily be replaced. 
Answer. False. 
A skilled person cannot easily be replaced. 
2. IT professionals are unskilled resources. 
Answer. False. 
IT professionals are skilled resources. 
3. Unskilled workers have a high income. 
Answer. False. 
Unskilled workers have a low income. 
4. Education improves the understanding of people. 
Answer. True. 
5. India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s land area. 
Answer. False. 
India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s population. 
 
 
 
 
C. Match the columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
D. Answer these questions briefly 
Question 1. 
What do you understand by the term human resources ? 
Answer: 
People are considered a resource as they have the skill and ability to exploit other 
natural resources and help a country in its growth. Thus, people are considered and 
called as human resource. 
Question 2. 
What are the differences between skilled and unskilled human resources ? 
Answer: 
Skilled human resources : 
1. These people have specialised training to perform their work. 
2. These people have different levels of formal education. 
3. These people do jobs that require knowledge and skill and they cannot be easily 
replaced. 
4. They generally earn high income. 
5. Examples – doctors, engineers, scientist, lawyer, teacher, etc. 
Page 3


Human Resources in India 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. A resource is something that helps us to meet our needs and create wealth. 
2. The working population of a country includes both skilled and unskilled human 
resources. 
3. Scientists and doctors are example of skilled human resources. 
4. Unskilled human resources include people with little education. 
5. Good education changes the attitude and behaviour of people. 
B. Write true or false 
1. A skilled person can easily be replaced. 
Answer. False. 
A skilled person cannot easily be replaced. 
2. IT professionals are unskilled resources. 
Answer. False. 
IT professionals are skilled resources. 
3. Unskilled workers have a high income. 
Answer. False. 
Unskilled workers have a low income. 
4. Education improves the understanding of people. 
Answer. True. 
5. India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s land area. 
Answer. False. 
India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s population. 
 
 
 
 
C. Match the columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
D. Answer these questions briefly 
Question 1. 
What do you understand by the term human resources ? 
Answer: 
People are considered a resource as they have the skill and ability to exploit other 
natural resources and help a country in its growth. Thus, people are considered and 
called as human resource. 
Question 2. 
What are the differences between skilled and unskilled human resources ? 
Answer: 
Skilled human resources : 
1. These people have specialised training to perform their work. 
2. These people have different levels of formal education. 
3. These people do jobs that require knowledge and skill and they cannot be easily 
replaced. 
4. They generally earn high income. 
5. Examples – doctors, engineers, scientist, lawyer, teacher, etc. 
Unskilled human resources : 
1. These people have very limited skills. 
2. The people have very little formal education. 
3. Their jobs do not require any specialized skills and they can be easily replaced. 
4. They generally earn low wage. 
5. Examples : workers at construction sites, domestic help, sanitation workers, etc. 
Question 3. 
Which areas in India are thickly populated ? 
Answer: 
The vast northern plains like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal and coastal plains 
are thickly populated areas in India. 
Question 4. 
Define sex ratio. 
Answer: 
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males. 
Question 5. 
Why is the sex ratio low in Punjab and Haryana ? 
Answer: 
The sex ratio is low in Punjab (893) and Haryana (877) because of : 
• Greater mortality rates of female babies 
• Girl child being killed by abortion. 
E. Answer these questions in one or two paragraphs 
Question 1. 
Why is human resource important for a country ? 
Answer: 
Human resource is important for a country as they can help a country meet its needs 
and help in its economic growth. Human beings are the most important resource of a 
country because they can use their intelligence and ability to exploit other resources 
such as land, minerals and water in the best possible way. 
Question 2. 
Explain briefly the impact of skilled human resource on the socio-economic 
development of the country. 
Answer: 
Human resources play an important role in the overall development of a country. 
Human resources are required for the proper utilization of a country’s natural resources 
like mineral, water, forest, etc. because the optimal utilization of these resources is 
Page 4


Human Resources in India 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. A resource is something that helps us to meet our needs and create wealth. 
2. The working population of a country includes both skilled and unskilled human 
resources. 
3. Scientists and doctors are example of skilled human resources. 
4. Unskilled human resources include people with little education. 
5. Good education changes the attitude and behaviour of people. 
B. Write true or false 
1. A skilled person can easily be replaced. 
Answer. False. 
A skilled person cannot easily be replaced. 
2. IT professionals are unskilled resources. 
Answer. False. 
IT professionals are skilled resources. 
3. Unskilled workers have a high income. 
Answer. False. 
Unskilled workers have a low income. 
4. Education improves the understanding of people. 
Answer. True. 
5. India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s land area. 
Answer. False. 
India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s population. 
 
 
 
 
C. Match the columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
D. Answer these questions briefly 
Question 1. 
What do you understand by the term human resources ? 
Answer: 
People are considered a resource as they have the skill and ability to exploit other 
natural resources and help a country in its growth. Thus, people are considered and 
called as human resource. 
Question 2. 
What are the differences between skilled and unskilled human resources ? 
Answer: 
Skilled human resources : 
1. These people have specialised training to perform their work. 
2. These people have different levels of formal education. 
3. These people do jobs that require knowledge and skill and they cannot be easily 
replaced. 
4. They generally earn high income. 
5. Examples – doctors, engineers, scientist, lawyer, teacher, etc. 
Unskilled human resources : 
1. These people have very limited skills. 
2. The people have very little formal education. 
3. Their jobs do not require any specialized skills and they can be easily replaced. 
4. They generally earn low wage. 
5. Examples : workers at construction sites, domestic help, sanitation workers, etc. 
Question 3. 
Which areas in India are thickly populated ? 
Answer: 
The vast northern plains like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal and coastal plains 
are thickly populated areas in India. 
Question 4. 
Define sex ratio. 
Answer: 
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males. 
Question 5. 
Why is the sex ratio low in Punjab and Haryana ? 
Answer: 
The sex ratio is low in Punjab (893) and Haryana (877) because of : 
• Greater mortality rates of female babies 
• Girl child being killed by abortion. 
E. Answer these questions in one or two paragraphs 
Question 1. 
Why is human resource important for a country ? 
Answer: 
Human resource is important for a country as they can help a country meet its needs 
and help in its economic growth. Human beings are the most important resource of a 
country because they can use their intelligence and ability to exploit other resources 
such as land, minerals and water in the best possible way. 
Question 2. 
Explain briefly the impact of skilled human resource on the socio-economic 
development of the country. 
Answer: 
Human resources play an important role in the overall development of a country. 
Human resources are required for the proper utilization of a country’s natural resources 
like mineral, water, forest, etc. because the optimal utilization of these resources is 
necessary for the economic development of the country. 
Skilled and the knowledgeable human resources make a rational use of all resources at 
their disposal and increase the volume of output and income for a country. They are 
well versed in using modem technology and thus help to bring development in a 
country. They help to increase production by producing a variety of goods and services 
of high quality. 
The development of human resource works as a tool for economic change. It can make 
people knowledgeable, skilled and physically healthy. This can lead to a change in the 
attitudes of the people, develop their thought process and improve the quality of their 
life. Such changes encourage the spirit of entrepreneurship and motivate people to work 
hard, take risks, do research and explore their innovative capacity. 
Question 3. 
Discuss the role of health and education in developing human resources. 
Answer: 
Health and education play a very important role in the development of human resource. 
Health people can work well and do things quickly. They are able to utilize other 
resources in a better way. Unhealthy people are unable to perform well and spend 
money on their treatment which could otherwise be used to acquire other valuable 
resources or enhance their skills. 
Education also plays an important role in the development of human resource. When a 
person receives good education, it improves his or her level of understanding increases 
their capacity and mental efficiency to produce more and changes the attitude and 
behaviour of people as they gain more confidence in themselves. A country with high 
proportion of well educated people can achieve rapid economic growth. 
Question 4. 
What do you know about the rural-urban population composition in India ? 
Answer: 
Population of India may be classified into rural and urban population depending on 
where the people live. 
Rural population — They live in villages. They generally earn their livelihood from 
agriculture, livestock rearing and other primary activities. In India, more people live in 
rural areas (about 69 per cent). In recent years, a large number of people have migrated 
from rural to urban areas in search of job, good education and better living conditions. 
Urban population — They live in cities and towns. They earn their livelihood from jobs 
in offices, factories, trade, transport and services. In India, about 31 per cent people live 
in urban areas. Migration from rural to urban areas have had an impact on the 
population of urban areas. 
 
Page 5


Human Resources in India 
Exercises 
A. Fill in the blanks 
1. A resource is something that helps us to meet our needs and create wealth. 
2. The working population of a country includes both skilled and unskilled human 
resources. 
3. Scientists and doctors are example of skilled human resources. 
4. Unskilled human resources include people with little education. 
5. Good education changes the attitude and behaviour of people. 
B. Write true or false 
1. A skilled person can easily be replaced. 
Answer. False. 
A skilled person cannot easily be replaced. 
2. IT professionals are unskilled resources. 
Answer. False. 
IT professionals are skilled resources. 
3. Unskilled workers have a high income. 
Answer. False. 
Unskilled workers have a low income. 
4. Education improves the understanding of people. 
Answer. True. 
5. India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s land area. 
Answer. False. 
India has 16.9 per cent of the world’s population. 
 
 
 
 
C. Match the columns 
 
Answer: 
 
 
D. Answer these questions briefly 
Question 1. 
What do you understand by the term human resources ? 
Answer: 
People are considered a resource as they have the skill and ability to exploit other 
natural resources and help a country in its growth. Thus, people are considered and 
called as human resource. 
Question 2. 
What are the differences between skilled and unskilled human resources ? 
Answer: 
Skilled human resources : 
1. These people have specialised training to perform their work. 
2. These people have different levels of formal education. 
3. These people do jobs that require knowledge and skill and they cannot be easily 
replaced. 
4. They generally earn high income. 
5. Examples – doctors, engineers, scientist, lawyer, teacher, etc. 
Unskilled human resources : 
1. These people have very limited skills. 
2. The people have very little formal education. 
3. Their jobs do not require any specialized skills and they can be easily replaced. 
4. They generally earn low wage. 
5. Examples : workers at construction sites, domestic help, sanitation workers, etc. 
Question 3. 
Which areas in India are thickly populated ? 
Answer: 
The vast northern plains like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal and coastal plains 
are thickly populated areas in India. 
Question 4. 
Define sex ratio. 
Answer: 
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males. 
Question 5. 
Why is the sex ratio low in Punjab and Haryana ? 
Answer: 
The sex ratio is low in Punjab (893) and Haryana (877) because of : 
• Greater mortality rates of female babies 
• Girl child being killed by abortion. 
E. Answer these questions in one or two paragraphs 
Question 1. 
Why is human resource important for a country ? 
Answer: 
Human resource is important for a country as they can help a country meet its needs 
and help in its economic growth. Human beings are the most important resource of a 
country because they can use their intelligence and ability to exploit other resources 
such as land, minerals and water in the best possible way. 
Question 2. 
Explain briefly the impact of skilled human resource on the socio-economic 
development of the country. 
Answer: 
Human resources play an important role in the overall development of a country. 
Human resources are required for the proper utilization of a country’s natural resources 
like mineral, water, forest, etc. because the optimal utilization of these resources is 
necessary for the economic development of the country. 
Skilled and the knowledgeable human resources make a rational use of all resources at 
their disposal and increase the volume of output and income for a country. They are 
well versed in using modem technology and thus help to bring development in a 
country. They help to increase production by producing a variety of goods and services 
of high quality. 
The development of human resource works as a tool for economic change. It can make 
people knowledgeable, skilled and physically healthy. This can lead to a change in the 
attitudes of the people, develop their thought process and improve the quality of their 
life. Such changes encourage the spirit of entrepreneurship and motivate people to work 
hard, take risks, do research and explore their innovative capacity. 
Question 3. 
Discuss the role of health and education in developing human resources. 
Answer: 
Health and education play a very important role in the development of human resource. 
Health people can work well and do things quickly. They are able to utilize other 
resources in a better way. Unhealthy people are unable to perform well and spend 
money on their treatment which could otherwise be used to acquire other valuable 
resources or enhance their skills. 
Education also plays an important role in the development of human resource. When a 
person receives good education, it improves his or her level of understanding increases 
their capacity and mental efficiency to produce more and changes the attitude and 
behaviour of people as they gain more confidence in themselves. A country with high 
proportion of well educated people can achieve rapid economic growth. 
Question 4. 
What do you know about the rural-urban population composition in India ? 
Answer: 
Population of India may be classified into rural and urban population depending on 
where the people live. 
Rural population — They live in villages. They generally earn their livelihood from 
agriculture, livestock rearing and other primary activities. In India, more people live in 
rural areas (about 69 per cent). In recent years, a large number of people have migrated 
from rural to urban areas in search of job, good education and better living conditions. 
Urban population — They live in cities and towns. They earn their livelihood from jobs 
in offices, factories, trade, transport and services. In India, about 31 per cent people live 
in urban areas. Migration from rural to urban areas have had an impact on the 
population of urban areas. 
 
Question 5. 
Give an account of the distribution of population in India. 
Answer: 
India is the second most populous country in the world after China. We have just 2.4 per 
cent of the land area of the world but have about 16.9 per cent of the world’s population. 
The last census conducted in 2011 recorded the Indian population at 1, 210, 193, 422. 
Out of these about 69% live in rural areas and 31% in urban areas. Northern plains 
have highest concentration of population which includes states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar 
and West Bengal. The coastal plains are also thickly populated. The population is thin in 
the north-eastern states and in the desert region of the west. The Deccan plateau has a 
moderate population concentration. In India, the sex ratio is 940, which means on an 
average, we have 940 females to every 1000 males. 
Question 6. 
Write a note on sex ratio in India. 
Answer: 
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males. In India, on an 
average, there are more males than females- 940 females for every 1000 males. In 
some states, the sex ratio is low like only 877 females to every 1000 males in Haryana 
and 893 females to every 1000 males in Punjab. There are a number of reasons. 
Greater mortality rates of female babies and the girl child being killed at birth are two 
important reasons for poor sex ratio in these states. 
Kerala and Puducherry have the highest sex ratio with 1084 females to 1000 males in 
Kerala and 1038 females to every 1000 males in Puducherry. High literacy rate is the 
reason for this. The fewer number of females per 1000 males in India is a major 
concern. Which can raise many social issue. 
F. Picture study.