PPT: States and Properties of Matter | Year 5 Science IGCSE (Cambridge) - Class 5 PDF Download

 Page 1


States and 
Properties of 
Matter
Page 2


States and 
Properties of 
Matter
Gases: Gases around us
Invisible Presence
Gases surround us constantly in the form of air, yet remain 
largely invisible to our eyes.
Everyday Encounters
We find gases in fizzy drinks providing the bubbles and inside 
bicycle and car tyres giving them structure.
Sensory Limitations
Many gases lack smell or taste, making their presence known 
only through their effects rather than direct perception.
Page 3


States and 
Properties of 
Matter
Gases: Gases around us
Invisible Presence
Gases surround us constantly in the form of air, yet remain 
largely invisible to our eyes.
Everyday Encounters
We find gases in fizzy drinks providing the bubbles and inside 
bicycle and car tyres giving them structure.
Sensory Limitations
Many gases lack smell or taste, making their presence known 
only through their effects rather than direct perception.
The particle model of 
matter
Fundamental Concept
All matter - solids, liquids and gases - consists of tiny particles 
in constant motion.
Structural Framework
The particle model describes how these particles are arranged 
differently in each state of matter.
Property Explanation
This model helps explain why solids maintain their shape, 
liquids flow, and gases expand to fill available space.
Page 4


States and 
Properties of 
Matter
Gases: Gases around us
Invisible Presence
Gases surround us constantly in the form of air, yet remain 
largely invisible to our eyes.
Everyday Encounters
We find gases in fizzy drinks providing the bubbles and inside 
bicycle and car tyres giving them structure.
Sensory Limitations
Many gases lack smell or taste, making their presence known 
only through their effects rather than direct perception.
The particle model of 
matter
Fundamental Concept
All matter - solids, liquids and gases - consists of tiny particles 
in constant motion.
Structural Framework
The particle model describes how these particles are arranged 
differently in each state of matter.
Property Explanation
This model helps explain why solids maintain their shape, 
liquids flow, and gases expand to fill available space.
Solids
Tightly Packed
Particles in solids are positioned very close together with minimal space between 
them.
Regular Pattern
The particles arrange themselves in a fixed, ordered structure that maintains its 
shape.
Limited Movement
Particles can only vibrate in fixed positions, unable to move freely past one 
another.
This arrangement of particles explains why solids, such as bricks, maintain their shape 
regardless of the container they're placed in. The strong forces holding the particles 
together prevent solids from being easily compressed or deformed, giving them their 
characteristic rigidity and defined volume.
Page 5


States and 
Properties of 
Matter
Gases: Gases around us
Invisible Presence
Gases surround us constantly in the form of air, yet remain 
largely invisible to our eyes.
Everyday Encounters
We find gases in fizzy drinks providing the bubbles and inside 
bicycle and car tyres giving them structure.
Sensory Limitations
Many gases lack smell or taste, making their presence known 
only through their effects rather than direct perception.
The particle model of 
matter
Fundamental Concept
All matter - solids, liquids and gases - consists of tiny particles 
in constant motion.
Structural Framework
The particle model describes how these particles are arranged 
differently in each state of matter.
Property Explanation
This model helps explain why solids maintain their shape, 
liquids flow, and gases expand to fill available space.
Solids
Tightly Packed
Particles in solids are positioned very close together with minimal space between 
them.
Regular Pattern
The particles arrange themselves in a fixed, ordered structure that maintains its 
shape.
Limited Movement
Particles can only vibrate in fixed positions, unable to move freely past one 
another.
This arrangement of particles explains why solids, such as bricks, maintain their shape 
regardless of the container they're placed in. The strong forces holding the particles 
together prevent solids from being easily compressed or deformed, giving them their 
characteristic rigidity and defined volume.
Liquids
Particle Arrangement
In liquids, particles are close together but have more space between them 
than in solids.
Liquids lack the rigid pattern found in solids, allowing for greater 
movement.
This looser arrangement enables particles to slide past one another while 
still maintaining some cohesion.
This explains why liquids can flow yet remain as a coherent substance.
Movement Properties:
Particles in liquids vibrate faster and more freely than in solids.
Liquids can move around each other, giving them the ability to flow.
This mobility explains why liquids, like water, take on the shape of their 
container while maintaining a constant volume.
The particles stay close enough to maintain a defined amount of space.