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Revision Notes: Coordination Compound | Chemistry Class 12 - NEET PDF Download

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1. What are coordination compounds and how are they formed?
Ans. Coordination compounds, also known as coordination complexes, consist of a central metal atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions called ligands. They are formed through coordinate covalent bonds, where the ligand donates a pair of electrons to the metal center. The nature of the metal and the ligands determines the properties and stability of the coordination compound.
2. What are the different types of ligands in coordination compounds?
Ans. Ligands in coordination compounds can be classified based on the number of donor atoms. Monodentate ligands attach through a single atom, bidentate ligands connect through two donor atoms, and polydentate ligands can bond through multiple donor atoms. Examples include water (monodentate), ethylenediamine (bidentate), and EDTA (polydentate).
3. What is the significance of coordination number in coordination compounds?
Ans. The coordination number refers to the number of ligand atoms that are bonded to the central metal atom in a coordination compound. It influences the geometry and stability of the complex. Common coordination numbers are 4 (tetrahedral or square planar) and 6 (octahedral), and the choice of coordination number affects the compound's chemical and physical properties.
4. How do you determine the oxidation state of the metal in a coordination compound?
Ans. The oxidation state of the metal in a coordination compound can be determined by considering the charges of the ligands and the overall charge of the complex. The sum of the oxidation states of the metal and the ligands must equal the charge of the coordination compound. By setting up an equation based on the known charges, you can solve for the metal's oxidation state.
5. What are some applications of coordination compounds in real life?
Ans. Coordination compounds have numerous applications in various fields. They are used in catalysis, medicine (such as in chemotherapy drugs), dyes and pigments, and in analytical chemistry for detecting metals. Additionally, they play a crucial role in biological systems, such as hemoglobin in blood, which is a coordination compound of iron.
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