PPT: Kinetic Theory of Gases | Physics Class 11 - NEET PDF Download

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Kinetic Theory
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Kinetic Theory
I n t r o d u c t i o n
The behaviour of gases has fascinated scientists for 
centuries.
Early thinkers (Boyle, Newton, Dalton) explained 
gases as tiny moving particles.
Maxwell and Boltzmann developed the kinetic 
theory of gases in the 19th century.
Page 3


Kinetic Theory
I n t r o d u c t i o n
The behaviour of gases has fascinated scientists for 
centuries.
Early thinkers (Boyle, Newton, Dalton) explained 
gases as tiny moving particles.
Maxwell and Boltzmann developed the kinetic 
theory of gases in the 19th century.
In gases, interatomic forces are negligible as 
particles are far apart (unlike solids and liquids).
Kinetic theory successfully explains:
Pressure and temperature
Gas laws
Specific heats
Viscosity
Diffusion
All these phenomena connect to molecular motion.
Page 4


Kinetic Theory
I n t r o d u c t i o n
The behaviour of gases has fascinated scientists for 
centuries.
Early thinkers (Boyle, Newton, Dalton) explained 
gases as tiny moving particles.
Maxwell and Boltzmann developed the kinetic 
theory of gases in the 19th century.
In gases, interatomic forces are negligible as 
particles are far apart (unlike solids and liquids).
Kinetic theory successfully explains:
Pressure and temperature
Gas laws
Specific heats
Viscosity
Diffusion
All these phenomena connect to molecular motion.
Molecular Nature of Matter
Atomic Hypothesis
Richard Feynman famously highlighted the atomic hypothesis: "All things are made of atoms 
4 tiny particles in constant motion, attracting each other at a distance and repelling 
when squeezed."
Page 5


Kinetic Theory
I n t r o d u c t i o n
The behaviour of gases has fascinated scientists for 
centuries.
Early thinkers (Boyle, Newton, Dalton) explained 
gases as tiny moving particles.
Maxwell and Boltzmann developed the kinetic 
theory of gases in the 19th century.
In gases, interatomic forces are negligible as 
particles are far apart (unlike solids and liquids).
Kinetic theory successfully explains:
Pressure and temperature
Gas laws
Specific heats
Viscosity
Diffusion
All these phenomena connect to molecular motion.
Molecular Nature of Matter
Atomic Hypothesis
Richard Feynman famously highlighted the atomic hypothesis: "All things are made of atoms 
4 tiny particles in constant motion, attracting each other at a distance and repelling 
when squeezed."
Historical Context
This idea, known since ancient times in India (Kanada's 
Vaiseshika philosophy) and Greece (Democritus), was 
scientifically formulated by John Dalton in the 19th 
century. Dalton's atomic theory explained how 
elements combine in definite ratios.