NCERT Textbook: Creating Advertisements | Vocational Education (Kaushal Bodh) Class 8 - New NCERT PDF Download

 Page 1


School Kitchen Garden
Project 1:
Advertisements persuade people to take specific actions related to 
a social cause or to pay for a product or service. This project will 
help you design and make an advertisement for a small business 
in your locality. 
As a part of the project, you will be able to:
Explore 
di??erent 
kinds of 
advertisements
Identify 
elements 
of an 
advertisement
Plan and 
prepare an 
advertisement
Design and 
make the 
advertisement
Project 6
Creating Advertisements
Figure 6.1: Advertisements are creative and fun ways of 
communicating messages
Project 6.indd   135 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
Page 2


School Kitchen Garden
Project 1:
Advertisements persuade people to take specific actions related to 
a social cause or to pay for a product or service. This project will 
help you design and make an advertisement for a small business 
in your locality. 
As a part of the project, you will be able to:
Explore 
di??erent 
kinds of 
advertisements
Identify 
elements 
of an 
advertisement
Plan and 
prepare an 
advertisement
Design and 
make the 
advertisement
Project 6
Creating Advertisements
Figure 6.1: Advertisements are creative and fun ways of 
communicating messages
Project 6.indd   135 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
136 Kaushal Bodh — Grade 8
You have learnt about markets and their functioning in Social 
Science in the chapter on ‘Understanding Markets’ in Grade 7. 
You know that a critical part of the chain is ensuring that sellers 
can reach buyers. Advertising plays a very important role in 
completing this part of the chain. However, the role of advertising 
is not limited to simply selling a product or service; it is also a 
means of communicating important social messages.
Remember how you heard about a film that you wanted to 
see, a place you wanted to visit, something you wanted to eat or 
buy, just anything you wanted to do. Also, think about how you 
heard about campaigns, like the Swachh Bharat Mission or the 
polio vaccination drive. There are various ways of hearing about 
things from friends, family, books, magazines, newspapers, and 
social media– the list is long. Among this list are ‘advertisements’.
Advertisements are meant to persuade you to do something. 
For example, a board outside a small shop describing its products 
is intended to tempt you to enter; sometimes, this job is done 
by persons outside the shop loudly describing their products. 
Another example is posters or clips on television or radio that urge 
citizens to keep their surroundings clean, to vaccinate themselves 
and their children, or to avail different services provided by the 
government, such as small savings schemes. Thus, advertising 
can be of two broad varieties–commercial and social, depending 
on the message conveyed.
Did you know?
The first few newspaper advertisements in India 
appeared in 1780 in the Bengal Gazette.
In 1780, the first English language newspaper 
in India was published from Kolkata, known as 
Bengal Gazette. It was founded and edited by 
James Augustus Hicky. The Bengal Gazette was 
popularly referred to as Hicky’s Bengal Gazette. 
Figure 6.2 shows an advertisement for the well-
known local hair oil ‘Jabakusum,’ which was 
published in the newspaper.
Figure 6.2: An advertisement 
from late 18th century 
Project 6.indd   136 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
Page 3


School Kitchen Garden
Project 1:
Advertisements persuade people to take specific actions related to 
a social cause or to pay for a product or service. This project will 
help you design and make an advertisement for a small business 
in your locality. 
As a part of the project, you will be able to:
Explore 
di??erent 
kinds of 
advertisements
Identify 
elements 
of an 
advertisement
Plan and 
prepare an 
advertisement
Design and 
make the 
advertisement
Project 6
Creating Advertisements
Figure 6.1: Advertisements are creative and fun ways of 
communicating messages
Project 6.indd   135 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
136 Kaushal Bodh — Grade 8
You have learnt about markets and their functioning in Social 
Science in the chapter on ‘Understanding Markets’ in Grade 7. 
You know that a critical part of the chain is ensuring that sellers 
can reach buyers. Advertising plays a very important role in 
completing this part of the chain. However, the role of advertising 
is not limited to simply selling a product or service; it is also a 
means of communicating important social messages.
Remember how you heard about a film that you wanted to 
see, a place you wanted to visit, something you wanted to eat or 
buy, just anything you wanted to do. Also, think about how you 
heard about campaigns, like the Swachh Bharat Mission or the 
polio vaccination drive. There are various ways of hearing about 
things from friends, family, books, magazines, newspapers, and 
social media– the list is long. Among this list are ‘advertisements’.
Advertisements are meant to persuade you to do something. 
For example, a board outside a small shop describing its products 
is intended to tempt you to enter; sometimes, this job is done 
by persons outside the shop loudly describing their products. 
Another example is posters or clips on television or radio that urge 
citizens to keep their surroundings clean, to vaccinate themselves 
and their children, or to avail different services provided by the 
government, such as small savings schemes. Thus, advertising 
can be of two broad varieties–commercial and social, depending 
on the message conveyed.
Did you know?
The first few newspaper advertisements in India 
appeared in 1780 in the Bengal Gazette.
In 1780, the first English language newspaper 
in India was published from Kolkata, known as 
Bengal Gazette. It was founded and edited by 
James Augustus Hicky. The Bengal Gazette was 
popularly referred to as Hicky’s Bengal Gazette. 
Figure 6.2 shows an advertisement for the well-
known local hair oil ‘Jabakusum,’ which was 
published in the newspaper.
Figure 6.2: An advertisement 
from late 18th century 
Project 6.indd   136 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
137 Creating Advertisements
Historically, India had a system 
of informers who used to announce 
important messages by beating drums or 
dhindora, a practice popularly known as 
‘Dhindhora Pitna’ in Hindi (Figure 6.3). 
Also called town criers, they would act 
as advertisers, announcing important 
messages in villages and informing 
people of the arrival of merchants and the 
goods they were carrying. This practice 
is similar to that of a person announcing 
events or promoting products/services 
using with a loudspeaker, moving around 
the city on a bike, auto rickshaw or jeep.
Some of these practices continue to date, for example, 
door-to-door vendors use bells or shout out phrases to inform 
people of their arrival and the goods they offer. You may have also 
seen hand-painted signboards and murals conveying promotional 
messages in marketplaces (Figure 6.4). Street performances 
like ‘nukkad natak’ (street plays) and folk songs also increase 
awareness about products and services, and communicate social 
messages.
However, even today, many people rely on word-of-mouth 
advertising, especially owners of small businesses that run out 
of homes or workshops, small retail shops and street vendors. 
For example, people from a town you visit will tell you—‘Buy 
sweets from this shop, mangoes from that, and traditional 
crafts from there’. Community gatherings and events during 
festivals (e.g., melas or fairs organised for the sale of different 
products) are also used to advertise products and services so that 
word-of-mouth advertising spreads. However, word-of-mouth 
advertising does not always work and is usually limited to a 
specific locality. Suppose someone can offer products and/or 
services distant from their immediate locality. In that case, they 
should be able to reach more people and get the opportunity to 
state exactly what is unique about their product and why people 
should prefer it over other products.
Figure 6.3: Using a drum to 
draw attention and providing 
information
Project 6.indd   137 6/16/2025   3:22:56 PM
Page 4


School Kitchen Garden
Project 1:
Advertisements persuade people to take specific actions related to 
a social cause or to pay for a product or service. This project will 
help you design and make an advertisement for a small business 
in your locality. 
As a part of the project, you will be able to:
Explore 
di??erent 
kinds of 
advertisements
Identify 
elements 
of an 
advertisement
Plan and 
prepare an 
advertisement
Design and 
make the 
advertisement
Project 6
Creating Advertisements
Figure 6.1: Advertisements are creative and fun ways of 
communicating messages
Project 6.indd   135 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
136 Kaushal Bodh — Grade 8
You have learnt about markets and their functioning in Social 
Science in the chapter on ‘Understanding Markets’ in Grade 7. 
You know that a critical part of the chain is ensuring that sellers 
can reach buyers. Advertising plays a very important role in 
completing this part of the chain. However, the role of advertising 
is not limited to simply selling a product or service; it is also a 
means of communicating important social messages.
Remember how you heard about a film that you wanted to 
see, a place you wanted to visit, something you wanted to eat or 
buy, just anything you wanted to do. Also, think about how you 
heard about campaigns, like the Swachh Bharat Mission or the 
polio vaccination drive. There are various ways of hearing about 
things from friends, family, books, magazines, newspapers, and 
social media– the list is long. Among this list are ‘advertisements’.
Advertisements are meant to persuade you to do something. 
For example, a board outside a small shop describing its products 
is intended to tempt you to enter; sometimes, this job is done 
by persons outside the shop loudly describing their products. 
Another example is posters or clips on television or radio that urge 
citizens to keep their surroundings clean, to vaccinate themselves 
and their children, or to avail different services provided by the 
government, such as small savings schemes. Thus, advertising 
can be of two broad varieties–commercial and social, depending 
on the message conveyed.
Did you know?
The first few newspaper advertisements in India 
appeared in 1780 in the Bengal Gazette.
In 1780, the first English language newspaper 
in India was published from Kolkata, known as 
Bengal Gazette. It was founded and edited by 
James Augustus Hicky. The Bengal Gazette was 
popularly referred to as Hicky’s Bengal Gazette. 
Figure 6.2 shows an advertisement for the well-
known local hair oil ‘Jabakusum,’ which was 
published in the newspaper.
Figure 6.2: An advertisement 
from late 18th century 
Project 6.indd   136 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
137 Creating Advertisements
Historically, India had a system 
of informers who used to announce 
important messages by beating drums or 
dhindora, a practice popularly known as 
‘Dhindhora Pitna’ in Hindi (Figure 6.3). 
Also called town criers, they would act 
as advertisers, announcing important 
messages in villages and informing 
people of the arrival of merchants and the 
goods they were carrying. This practice 
is similar to that of a person announcing 
events or promoting products/services 
using with a loudspeaker, moving around 
the city on a bike, auto rickshaw or jeep.
Some of these practices continue to date, for example, 
door-to-door vendors use bells or shout out phrases to inform 
people of their arrival and the goods they offer. You may have also 
seen hand-painted signboards and murals conveying promotional 
messages in marketplaces (Figure 6.4). Street performances 
like ‘nukkad natak’ (street plays) and folk songs also increase 
awareness about products and services, and communicate social 
messages.
However, even today, many people rely on word-of-mouth 
advertising, especially owners of small businesses that run out 
of homes or workshops, small retail shops and street vendors. 
For example, people from a town you visit will tell you—‘Buy 
sweets from this shop, mangoes from that, and traditional 
crafts from there’. Community gatherings and events during 
festivals (e.g., melas or fairs organised for the sale of different 
products) are also used to advertise products and services so that 
word-of-mouth advertising spreads. However, word-of-mouth 
advertising does not always work and is usually limited to a 
specific locality. Suppose someone can offer products and/or 
services distant from their immediate locality. In that case, they 
should be able to reach more people and get the opportunity to 
state exactly what is unique about their product and why people 
should prefer it over other products.
Figure 6.3: Using a drum to 
draw attention and providing 
information
Project 6.indd   137 6/16/2025   3:22:56 PM
138 Kaushal Bodh — Grade 8
Figure 6.4: Hoardings for advertisement in market place
While various media have been used for advertising, ranging 
from hoardings, flyers, brochures, and mass-messaging tools like 
radio and television, social media platforms have become popular 
for advertising products and services.
This project will help you explore how advertisements are 
made. You will design an advertisement to convey messages about 
products and services offered by local businesses that are an 
integral part of our culture and economy, for example, bakeries, 
tailors, diya sellers, bamboo craftsmen, and so on, to the larger 
community.
What will I be able to do?
By the end of this project, you will be able to: 
1. Identify key elements of an advertisement.
2. Identify key selling points of a product or service.
3. Design and make an advertisement to sell a product/
service.
What will I need?
To complete this project, you will need: 
1. Stationery material, including basic art supplies, such as 
chart paper, markers, and glue for creating posters.
2. Computer/tablet with Internet connectivity.
3. Camera for capturing images and videos; if not available, 
you can borrow a smartphone from a teacher or parent.
Project 6.indd   138 6/16/2025   3:22:57 PM
Page 5


School Kitchen Garden
Project 1:
Advertisements persuade people to take specific actions related to 
a social cause or to pay for a product or service. This project will 
help you design and make an advertisement for a small business 
in your locality. 
As a part of the project, you will be able to:
Explore 
di??erent 
kinds of 
advertisements
Identify 
elements 
of an 
advertisement
Plan and 
prepare an 
advertisement
Design and 
make the 
advertisement
Project 6
Creating Advertisements
Figure 6.1: Advertisements are creative and fun ways of 
communicating messages
Project 6.indd   135 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
136 Kaushal Bodh — Grade 8
You have learnt about markets and their functioning in Social 
Science in the chapter on ‘Understanding Markets’ in Grade 7. 
You know that a critical part of the chain is ensuring that sellers 
can reach buyers. Advertising plays a very important role in 
completing this part of the chain. However, the role of advertising 
is not limited to simply selling a product or service; it is also a 
means of communicating important social messages.
Remember how you heard about a film that you wanted to 
see, a place you wanted to visit, something you wanted to eat or 
buy, just anything you wanted to do. Also, think about how you 
heard about campaigns, like the Swachh Bharat Mission or the 
polio vaccination drive. There are various ways of hearing about 
things from friends, family, books, magazines, newspapers, and 
social media– the list is long. Among this list are ‘advertisements’.
Advertisements are meant to persuade you to do something. 
For example, a board outside a small shop describing its products 
is intended to tempt you to enter; sometimes, this job is done 
by persons outside the shop loudly describing their products. 
Another example is posters or clips on television or radio that urge 
citizens to keep their surroundings clean, to vaccinate themselves 
and their children, or to avail different services provided by the 
government, such as small savings schemes. Thus, advertising 
can be of two broad varieties–commercial and social, depending 
on the message conveyed.
Did you know?
The first few newspaper advertisements in India 
appeared in 1780 in the Bengal Gazette.
In 1780, the first English language newspaper 
in India was published from Kolkata, known as 
Bengal Gazette. It was founded and edited by 
James Augustus Hicky. The Bengal Gazette was 
popularly referred to as Hicky’s Bengal Gazette. 
Figure 6.2 shows an advertisement for the well-
known local hair oil ‘Jabakusum,’ which was 
published in the newspaper.
Figure 6.2: An advertisement 
from late 18th century 
Project 6.indd   136 6/16/2025   3:22:55 PM
137 Creating Advertisements
Historically, India had a system 
of informers who used to announce 
important messages by beating drums or 
dhindora, a practice popularly known as 
‘Dhindhora Pitna’ in Hindi (Figure 6.3). 
Also called town criers, they would act 
as advertisers, announcing important 
messages in villages and informing 
people of the arrival of merchants and the 
goods they were carrying. This practice 
is similar to that of a person announcing 
events or promoting products/services 
using with a loudspeaker, moving around 
the city on a bike, auto rickshaw or jeep.
Some of these practices continue to date, for example, 
door-to-door vendors use bells or shout out phrases to inform 
people of their arrival and the goods they offer. You may have also 
seen hand-painted signboards and murals conveying promotional 
messages in marketplaces (Figure 6.4). Street performances 
like ‘nukkad natak’ (street plays) and folk songs also increase 
awareness about products and services, and communicate social 
messages.
However, even today, many people rely on word-of-mouth 
advertising, especially owners of small businesses that run out 
of homes or workshops, small retail shops and street vendors. 
For example, people from a town you visit will tell you—‘Buy 
sweets from this shop, mangoes from that, and traditional 
crafts from there’. Community gatherings and events during 
festivals (e.g., melas or fairs organised for the sale of different 
products) are also used to advertise products and services so that 
word-of-mouth advertising spreads. However, word-of-mouth 
advertising does not always work and is usually limited to a 
specific locality. Suppose someone can offer products and/or 
services distant from their immediate locality. In that case, they 
should be able to reach more people and get the opportunity to 
state exactly what is unique about their product and why people 
should prefer it over other products.
Figure 6.3: Using a drum to 
draw attention and providing 
information
Project 6.indd   137 6/16/2025   3:22:56 PM
138 Kaushal Bodh — Grade 8
Figure 6.4: Hoardings for advertisement in market place
While various media have been used for advertising, ranging 
from hoardings, flyers, brochures, and mass-messaging tools like 
radio and television, social media platforms have become popular 
for advertising products and services.
This project will help you explore how advertisements are 
made. You will design an advertisement to convey messages about 
products and services offered by local businesses that are an 
integral part of our culture and economy, for example, bakeries, 
tailors, diya sellers, bamboo craftsmen, and so on, to the larger 
community.
What will I be able to do?
By the end of this project, you will be able to: 
1. Identify key elements of an advertisement.
2. Identify key selling points of a product or service.
3. Design and make an advertisement to sell a product/
service.
What will I need?
To complete this project, you will need: 
1. Stationery material, including basic art supplies, such as 
chart paper, markers, and glue for creating posters.
2. Computer/tablet with Internet connectivity.
3. Camera for capturing images and videos; if not available, 
you can borrow a smartphone from a teacher or parent.
Project 6.indd   138 6/16/2025   3:22:57 PM
139 Creating Advertisements
How do I keep myself and others safe?
To ensure your safety and the safety of others while working on 
this project, you should:
1. Always inform a parent, guardian, or teacher before 
visiting a small business, and choose public and well-lit 
areas for interviews and interactions.
2. Respect the privacy and consent of small business owners 
when taking pictures or recording videos.
3. Be mindful of cultural sensitivities, and show respect 
towards the small business owners and their work.
4. Ethical advertising – It includes truthfulness, fairness and  
should be socially responsible. You should take care of the 
following: 
(a) Copyright: Ensure that you use original content, or 
if using someone else’s work (images, music, text), 
obtain permissions. Do not simply copy content 
from the Internet without mentioning the source. 
The process of copying content as such is called 
plagiarism.
(b) Fake Advertising: Never make false claims about a 
product or service. Your advertisement should reflect 
the real features and benefits of the product.
(c) Cultural and Gender Sensitivity: Avoid stereotypes 
or offensive content.
Internet Safety: Ask your teachers for help while 
using the Internet. Be careful not to upload or 
download anything without permission; and do not 
share personal information anywhere.
What do I need to know before I start?
Advertising is not just about selling a product or communicating 
a social message. The key elements of advertisements are 
storytelling, creating connections, and making an impact.
Before you start designing and making your advertisements, 
you must understand the key elements of advertisements.
Project 6.indd   139 6/16/2025   3:22:57 PM