Space Technology | Positive Vibes (Test) by Kanika - Italian PDF Download

 Page 1


Space 
Technology
Page 2


Space 
Technology
Introduction to Space 
Technology
Space technology encompasses the tools, systems, and 
vehicles designed to operate beyond Earth's atmosphere for 
exploration, communication, and observation purposes.
Importance for India
National development and security
Communication infrastructure
Weather forecasting capabilities
Self-reliance in navigation technology
Page 3


Space 
Technology
Introduction to Space 
Technology
Space technology encompasses the tools, systems, and 
vehicles designed to operate beyond Earth's atmosphere for 
exploration, communication, and observation purposes.
Importance for India
National development and security
Communication infrastructure
Weather forecasting capabilities
Self-reliance in navigation technology
What is Space? The Final Frontier
The Kármán Line
Officially marks the 
beginning of space at 100 km 
(62 miles) above Earth's 
mean sea level
Physical Properties
Near-perfect vacuum with no 
atmosphere, extreme 
temperatures, and cosmic 
radiation
Legal Status
Considered a global 
commons governed by 
international space law and 
treaties
Space exploration represents humanity's greatest adventure beyond our home planet, pushing the 
boundaries of our knowledge and technological capabilities.
Page 4


Space 
Technology
Introduction to Space 
Technology
Space technology encompasses the tools, systems, and 
vehicles designed to operate beyond Earth's atmosphere for 
exploration, communication, and observation purposes.
Importance for India
National development and security
Communication infrastructure
Weather forecasting capabilities
Self-reliance in navigation technology
What is Space? The Final Frontier
The Kármán Line
Officially marks the 
beginning of space at 100 km 
(62 miles) above Earth's 
mean sea level
Physical Properties
Near-perfect vacuum with no 
atmosphere, extreme 
temperatures, and cosmic 
radiation
Legal Status
Considered a global 
commons governed by 
international space law and 
treaties
Space exploration represents humanity's greatest adventure beyond our home planet, pushing the 
boundaries of our knowledge and technological capabilities.
The Universe & Space Science Basics
Cosmic Timeline
The universe is approximately 13.8 billion years 
old, containing over 100 billion galaxies, each with 
billions of stars.
Big Bang Theory
The prevailing cosmological model describing the 
origin of the universe from an extremely hot, 
dense singularity that expanded rapidly.
Key Concepts
Redshift: Light from distant galaxies appears 
redder due to the Doppler effect, indicating 
universe expansion
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB): 
Remnant electromagnetic radiation from the 
early universe
Gravitational Waves: Ripples in spacetime 
caused by violent cosmic events
Page 5


Space 
Technology
Introduction to Space 
Technology
Space technology encompasses the tools, systems, and 
vehicles designed to operate beyond Earth's atmosphere for 
exploration, communication, and observation purposes.
Importance for India
National development and security
Communication infrastructure
Weather forecasting capabilities
Self-reliance in navigation technology
What is Space? The Final Frontier
The Kármán Line
Officially marks the 
beginning of space at 100 km 
(62 miles) above Earth's 
mean sea level
Physical Properties
Near-perfect vacuum with no 
atmosphere, extreme 
temperatures, and cosmic 
radiation
Legal Status
Considered a global 
commons governed by 
international space law and 
treaties
Space exploration represents humanity's greatest adventure beyond our home planet, pushing the 
boundaries of our knowledge and technological capabilities.
The Universe & Space Science Basics
Cosmic Timeline
The universe is approximately 13.8 billion years 
old, containing over 100 billion galaxies, each with 
billions of stars.
Big Bang Theory
The prevailing cosmological model describing the 
origin of the universe from an extremely hot, 
dense singularity that expanded rapidly.
Key Concepts
Redshift: Light from distant galaxies appears 
redder due to the Doppler effect, indicating 
universe expansion
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB): 
Remnant electromagnetic radiation from the 
early universe
Gravitational Waves: Ripples in spacetime 
caused by violent cosmic events
Satellites and Orbits: 
The Backbone of Space 
Tech
1
Geostationary 
Orbit (GEO)
36,000 km above 
Earth's equator, 
satellites here orbit at 
the same rate as Earth's 
rotation, appearing 
fixed in the sky. Ideal 
for communication and 
weather satellites.
2
Low Earth Orbit 
(LEO)
Between 200-2,000 km 
above Earth. Most 
human spaceflight, the 
ISS, and Earth 
observation satellites 
operate here. Provides 
high-resolution 
imagery but requires 
more satellites for 
continuous coverage.
3
Polar/Sun-Synchronous Orbit
Passes over both poles, covering the entire Earth as it 
rotates below. Sun-synchronous orbits maintain the 
same lighting conditions for consistent Earth 
observation data.