PPT: A Story of Numbers | Mathematics Class 8- New NCERT (Ganita Prakash) PDF Download

 Page 1


A STORY OF 
NUMBERS
Page 2


A STORY OF 
NUMBERS
Evolution of Number Systems
Sticks/Pebbles/Seeds (Method 1)
Sounds/Names (Method 2) 
³ Limited by available 
sounds/letters.
Page 3


A STORY OF 
NUMBERS
Evolution of Number Systems
Sticks/Pebbles/Seeds (Method 1)
Sounds/Names (Method 2) 
³ Limited by available 
sounds/letters.
Written symbols 
(Method 3) ³ 
e.g., Roman 
numerals.
Page 4


A STORY OF 
NUMBERS
Evolution of Number Systems
Sticks/Pebbles/Seeds (Method 1)
Sounds/Names (Method 2) 
³ Limited by available 
sounds/letters.
Written symbols 
(Method 3) ³ 
e.g., Roman 
numerals.
The Origin of Our Numbers
The structure of the modern oral and written numbers that we 
use today had its origin thousands of years ago in India. 
Ancient Indian texts, such as the Yajurveda Samhita, 
mentioned names of numbers based on powers of 10.
The way we write our numbers today 4 using the digits 0 
through 9 also originated and were developed in India, around 
2000 years ago.
The first known instance of numbers being written using ten 
digits, including the digit 0 (which was then notated as a dot), 
occurs in the Bakhshali manuscript (c. 3rd century CE).
Page 5


A STORY OF 
NUMBERS
Evolution of Number Systems
Sticks/Pebbles/Seeds (Method 1)
Sounds/Names (Method 2) 
³ Limited by available 
sounds/letters.
Written symbols 
(Method 3) ³ 
e.g., Roman 
numerals.
The Origin of Our Numbers
The structure of the modern oral and written numbers that we 
use today had its origin thousands of years ago in India. 
Ancient Indian texts, such as the Yajurveda Samhita, 
mentioned names of numbers based on powers of 10.
The way we write our numbers today 4 using the digits 0 
through 9 also originated and were developed in India, around 
2000 years ago.
The first known instance of numbers being written using ten 
digits, including the digit 0 (which was then notated as a dot), 
occurs in the Bakhshali manuscript (c. 3rd century CE).
The Journey of Hindu Numerals
1
India (c. 499 CE)
Aryabhata was the first mathematician to fully explain and do 
elaborate scientific computations with the Indian system of 10 
symbols.
2
Arab World (c. 800 CE)
The Indian number system was transmitted to the Arab world. 
Al-Khw
rizm+ (after whom the word 'algorithm' is named) 
popularized it through his book.
3
Europe (c. 1100 CE)
From the Arab world, the Hindu numerals were transmitted to 
Europe and parts of Africa.
4
Widespread Use (17th century)
During the European Renaissance, the Indian numerals 
gained widespread use as they enabled scientific progress.