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FAQs on PPT: Body Fluids & Circulation - Biology Class 11 - NEET

1. What are the main components of body fluids in humans?
Ans. The main components of body fluids in humans include water, electrolytes, nutrients, gases, and waste products. Water constitutes a significant portion of body fluids, making up about 60% of total body weight. Electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride are crucial for maintaining fluid balance and facilitating various physiological processes. Nutrients like glucose and amino acids provide energy and building blocks for cells, while gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide are essential for respiration. Waste products like urea and creatinine are removed from the body through urine.
2. How does the circulatory system function in transporting substances?
Ans. The circulatory system functions as a transport network that moves blood throughout the body. Blood, which contains oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products, is pumped by the heart through a system of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Oxygenated blood is delivered to tissues via arteries, where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged for carbon dioxide and waste products. Deoxygenated blood is then returned to the heart through veins and sent to the lungs for reoxygenation. This continuous cycle ensures that all body cells receive the necessary substances for metabolism and function.
3. What role do electrolytes play in body fluids?
Ans. Electrolytes are minerals in body fluids that carry an electric charge and play a vital role in maintaining various physiological functions. They help regulate hydration levels, acid-base balance, and muscle and nerve function. Key electrolytes include sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), and magnesium (Mg²⁺). Imbalances in electrolyte levels can lead to serious health issues, such as dehydration, muscle cramps, and irregular heartbeats, highlighting the importance of maintaining proper electrolyte levels for overall health.
4. What is the significance of the lymphatic system in circulation?
Ans. The lymphatic system is significant in circulation as it plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance, immune function, and fat absorption. It collects excess interstitial fluid and returns it to the bloodstream, preventing fluid accumulation in tissues. Additionally, the lymphatic system transports lymph, which contains white blood cells that help fight infections. It also absorbs fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system and transports them to the bloodstream, contributing to overall nutrient distribution.
5. How do the heart and blood vessels work together in the circulatory system?
Ans. The heart and blood vessels work together in the circulatory system to ensure efficient blood flow throughout the body. The heart acts as a pump, with its four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) contracting rhythmically to propel blood. The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood and sends it to the lungs for oxygenation, while the left side receives oxygenated blood and pumps it to the rest of the body. Blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, form a vast network that facilitates the transport of blood to and from all body tissues, enabling nutrient and gas exchange necessary for cellular function.
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