Infographics: Development | Social Studies (SST) Class 10 PDF Download

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Understanding Development
What Development Promises: Different Peoples & 
Goals
1
Individual Perspectives
Different people can have different developmental goals based on their unique 
circumstances and needs.
2
Conflicting Interests
What may be development for one person may not be development for another - it 
may even be destructive.
Economic Development of India
Countries compare development using per capita income - the average income calculated 
by dividing national income by population. Higher per capita income generally means better 
living standards.
But income alone doesn't tell the whole story. We also need to look at education and health 
indicators.
National Development
1
Individual Level
A landless rural laborer may desire more 
work days and better wages.
2
National Level
The same person may want good 
education and health facilities in their local 
area.
How to Compare Different Countries or States?
The average income can be calculated by dividing national income by population, called per 
capita income. Countries with higher per capita income are more developed than those with 
less per capita income.
Infant Mortality Rate 
(IMR)
Number of children who 
die before age one, per 
1000 live births in a year.
Literacy Rate
Proportion of literate 
population in the 7 and 
above age group.
Net Attendance Ratio
Children aged 6-10 
attending school as 
percentage of total 
children in same age 
group.
Human Development Index (HDI)
The quality of life index prepared by UNDP has three main indicators:
Income and Other Criteria
When thinking of a nation or region, besides average income, public facilities are equally 
significant attributes.
Public Facilities
Services provided by government including infrastructure, sanitation, public transport, 
healthcare, water, schools, and hospitals. These satisfy collective needs in the best and 
cheapest way.
Sustainability of Development
Sustainable development is a process that fulfills the needs of the present generation, 
without causing harm to the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Achieving sustainability will enable the earth to continue supporting human life.
Life Expectancy at Birth
Average expected length 
of life of a person at birth.
Gross Enrollment Ratio
Enrollment ratio in primary, 
secondary, and higher 
education.
Per Capita Income
Calculated in dollars for all 
countries for comparison.