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Page 1 Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 0 Lesson: Epithelial Tissues Lesson Developer: Dr. Zubeda Department: Department of Zoology, Page 2 Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 0 Lesson: Epithelial Tissues Lesson Developer: Dr. Zubeda Department: Department of Zoology, Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 1 Table of Contents • Introduction • Features of Epithelial Tissue • Locations of Epithelial Tissues • Generalized Functions of Epithelia • Structure of Epithelial Tissue 1. Epithelial Surfaces 2. Intercellular Connections 3. Basement Membrane • Renewal And Repair of Epithelial Tissue • Classification of Epithelial Tissues • The cells layers • The shapes of the cells • Lining And Covering Epithelia • Classification Of Lining And Covering Epithelia • SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • Non-ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • Non-keratinised stratified epithelium • Keratinised stratified epithelium • STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIA • Glandular epithelium • ENDOCRINE GLANDS • EXOCRINE GLANDS • Structural Classification Of Exocrine Glands (i) Unicellular Exocrine Glands (ii) Multicellular Exocrine Glands • TYPES OF SECRETION (i) Merocrine secretion Page 3 Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 0 Lesson: Epithelial Tissues Lesson Developer: Dr. Zubeda Department: Department of Zoology, Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 1 Table of Contents • Introduction • Features of Epithelial Tissue • Locations of Epithelial Tissues • Generalized Functions of Epithelia • Structure of Epithelial Tissue 1. Epithelial Surfaces 2. Intercellular Connections 3. Basement Membrane • Renewal And Repair of Epithelial Tissue • Classification of Epithelial Tissues • The cells layers • The shapes of the cells • Lining And Covering Epithelia • Classification Of Lining And Covering Epithelia • SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • Non-ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • Non-keratinised stratified epithelium • Keratinised stratified epithelium • STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIA • Glandular epithelium • ENDOCRINE GLANDS • EXOCRINE GLANDS • Structural Classification Of Exocrine Glands (i) Unicellular Exocrine Glands (ii) Multicellular Exocrine Glands • TYPES OF SECRETION (i) Merocrine secretion Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 2 (ii) Apocrine secretion (iii) Holocrine secretion • Summary • Exercises • Glossary • References Page 4 Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 0 Lesson: Epithelial Tissues Lesson Developer: Dr. Zubeda Department: Department of Zoology, Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 1 Table of Contents • Introduction • Features of Epithelial Tissue • Locations of Epithelial Tissues • Generalized Functions of Epithelia • Structure of Epithelial Tissue 1. Epithelial Surfaces 2. Intercellular Connections 3. Basement Membrane • Renewal And Repair of Epithelial Tissue • Classification of Epithelial Tissues • The cells layers • The shapes of the cells • Lining And Covering Epithelia • Classification Of Lining And Covering Epithelia • SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • Non-ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • Non-keratinised stratified epithelium • Keratinised stratified epithelium • STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIA • Glandular epithelium • ENDOCRINE GLANDS • EXOCRINE GLANDS • Structural Classification Of Exocrine Glands (i) Unicellular Exocrine Glands (ii) Multicellular Exocrine Glands • TYPES OF SECRETION (i) Merocrine secretion Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 2 (ii) Apocrine secretion (iii) Holocrine secretion • Summary • Exercises • Glossary • References Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 3 Learning objectives: • To describe the basic characteristics of epithelial tissues • Discuss the essential functions of epithelial tissues • Describe the structure of epithelial tissues • Classify the lining and covering epithelial tissue • List the location, structure, and function of each different type of epithelial tissues • Classify the glandular epithelial tissue Introduction Although there are trillions of individual cells in the human body, only 200 types of cells are found and specialized for different functions. The tissues are formed from collections of these specialized cells and cell products which carry out a limited number of functions. All of the structures of the human body are formed from various combinations of these 4 fundamental tissue types, i.e. epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural tissues (Fig. 1). Among these four basic tissue types in the body of human, epithelial cells are certainly the most prolific. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, covers cavities and tubular structures inside body, therefore, it plays important roles in our body. Page 5 Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 0 Lesson: Epithelial Tissues Lesson Developer: Dr. Zubeda Department: Department of Zoology, Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 1 Table of Contents • Introduction • Features of Epithelial Tissue • Locations of Epithelial Tissues • Generalized Functions of Epithelia • Structure of Epithelial Tissue 1. Epithelial Surfaces 2. Intercellular Connections 3. Basement Membrane • Renewal And Repair of Epithelial Tissue • Classification of Epithelial Tissues • The cells layers • The shapes of the cells • Lining And Covering Epithelia • Classification Of Lining And Covering Epithelia • SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • Non-ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelia • PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA • Non-keratinised stratified epithelium • Keratinised stratified epithelium • STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA • STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIA • TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIA • Glandular epithelium • ENDOCRINE GLANDS • EXOCRINE GLANDS • Structural Classification Of Exocrine Glands (i) Unicellular Exocrine Glands (ii) Multicellular Exocrine Glands • TYPES OF SECRETION (i) Merocrine secretion Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 2 (ii) Apocrine secretion (iii) Holocrine secretion • Summary • Exercises • Glossary • References Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 3 Learning objectives: • To describe the basic characteristics of epithelial tissues • Discuss the essential functions of epithelial tissues • Describe the structure of epithelial tissues • Classify the lining and covering epithelial tissue • List the location, structure, and function of each different type of epithelial tissues • Classify the glandular epithelial tissue Introduction Although there are trillions of individual cells in the human body, only 200 types of cells are found and specialized for different functions. The tissues are formed from collections of these specialized cells and cell products which carry out a limited number of functions. All of the structures of the human body are formed from various combinations of these 4 fundamental tissue types, i.e. epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural tissues (Fig. 1). Among these four basic tissue types in the body of human, epithelial cells are certainly the most prolific. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, covers cavities and tubular structures inside body, therefore, it plays important roles in our body. Epithelial Tissues Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi 4 Fig. 1. Four basic types of tissues are illustrated in nervous tissue, epithelial (stratified squamous) tissue, cardiac muscle tissue, and connective tissue in small intestine. Source: http://cnx.org/contents/cdf9ebbd-b0fe-4fce-94b4-512f2a574f18@3 CC Image Credit: CC BY-SA 3.0 Features of Epithelial TissueRead More
FAQs on Lecture 1 - Epithelial Tissues - Animal Physiology and Functional Histology- I - MBBS
| 1. What are epithelial tissues? |  |
Ans. Epithelial tissues are one of the four main types of tissues in the human body. They are a type of tissue that covers the surfaces of organs, lines body cavities, and forms glands. Epithelial tissues serve as a protective barrier, regulate the movement of substances, and can also be involved in secretion and absorption.
| 2. What are the functions of epithelial tissues? | |
Ans. Epithelial tissues have multiple functions in the body. Some of the key functions include providing protection against physical, chemical, and microbial damage, regulating the exchange of substances between organs and their environment, participating in sensory perception, and forming glands for secretion and absorption.
| 3. How are epithelial tissues classified? | |
Ans. Epithelial tissues are classified based on their shape and layering. In terms of shape, they can be squamous (thin and flat), cuboidal (cube-shaped), or columnar (tall and rectangular). Based on layering, they can be simple (single layer) or stratified (multiple layers). For example, simple squamous epithelium lines the blood vessels, while stratified squamous epithelium forms the outer layer of the skin.
| 4. What are the different types of epithelial tissues? | |
Ans. There are various types of epithelial tissues found in the human body. Some examples include simple squamous epithelium (found in the lining of blood vessels and air sacs of the lungs), simple cuboidal epithelium (found in kidney tubules), simple columnar epithelium (found in the lining of the stomach and intestines), stratified squamous epithelium (found in the skin), and pseudostratified columnar epithelium (found in the respiratory tract).
| 5. How do epithelial tissues adapt to their functions? | |
Ans. Epithelial tissues adapt to their functions in several ways. For example, in tissues involved in secretion and absorption, such as the lining of the stomach and intestines, the cells have microvilli on their surface, increasing their surface area for efficient nutrient absorption. In tissues that need protection, such as the skin, the cells are tightly packed and have specialized proteins to provide a barrier against pathogens and harmful substances. The specific adaptations depend on the function and location of the epithelial tissue in the body.
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