MBBS Exam > MBBS Notes > Animal Physiology and Functional Histology- I > Lecture 2 - Connective Tissue
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Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
0
Lesson Name : Connective Tissues
Lesson Developer : Dr. Zubeda
College/Department : Zoology
Page 2
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
0
Lesson Name : Connective Tissues
Lesson Developer : Dr. Zubeda
College/Department : Zoology
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
1
Table of Contents
• Introduction
• General Features of Connective Tissue
• Locations of Connective Tissues
• Functions of Connective Tissues
• Components of Connective Tissue
(I) Specialized cells in Connective Tissue
1. Fibroblasts
2. Macrophages
3. Plasma cells
4. Mast cells
5. Adipocytes
6. Leukocytes
(II) Extracellular Matrix in Connective Tissue
i. Ground Substance
ii. Connective Tissue Fibers
a. Collagen fibers
b. Elastic fibers
c. Reticular fibers
• Classification of Connective Tissues
A. EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUES
i. Mesenchyme
ii. Mucous connective tissue
B. MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUES
1. CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
I. Loose Connective Tissues
i. Areolar connective tissue
ii. Adipose connective tissue
iii. Reticular connective tissue
II. Dense Connective Tissues
i. Dense regular connective tissue
ii. Dense irregular connective tissue
iii. Elastic connective tissue
2. SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Page 3
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
0
Lesson Name : Connective Tissues
Lesson Developer : Dr. Zubeda
College/Department : Zoology
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
1
Table of Contents
• Introduction
• General Features of Connective Tissue
• Locations of Connective Tissues
• Functions of Connective Tissues
• Components of Connective Tissue
(I) Specialized cells in Connective Tissue
1. Fibroblasts
2. Macrophages
3. Plasma cells
4. Mast cells
5. Adipocytes
6. Leukocytes
(II) Extracellular Matrix in Connective Tissue
i. Ground Substance
ii. Connective Tissue Fibers
a. Collagen fibers
b. Elastic fibers
c. Reticular fibers
• Classification of Connective Tissues
A. EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUES
i. Mesenchyme
ii. Mucous connective tissue
B. MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUES
1. CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
I. Loose Connective Tissues
i. Areolar connective tissue
ii. Adipose connective tissue
iii. Reticular connective tissue
II. Dense Connective Tissues
i. Dense regular connective tissue
ii. Dense irregular connective tissue
iii. Elastic connective tissue
2. SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
2
I. Cartilage
i. Hyaline cartilage
ii. Fibrous cartilage
iii. Elastic cartilage
II. Bone Tissue
i. Compact bone
ii. Spongy bone
3. FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE
I. Blood Tissue
II. Lymph
• Summary
• Exercises
• Glossary
• References
Page 4
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
0
Lesson Name : Connective Tissues
Lesson Developer : Dr. Zubeda
College/Department : Zoology
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
1
Table of Contents
• Introduction
• General Features of Connective Tissue
• Locations of Connective Tissues
• Functions of Connective Tissues
• Components of Connective Tissue
(I) Specialized cells in Connective Tissue
1. Fibroblasts
2. Macrophages
3. Plasma cells
4. Mast cells
5. Adipocytes
6. Leukocytes
(II) Extracellular Matrix in Connective Tissue
i. Ground Substance
ii. Connective Tissue Fibers
a. Collagen fibers
b. Elastic fibers
c. Reticular fibers
• Classification of Connective Tissues
A. EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUES
i. Mesenchyme
ii. Mucous connective tissue
B. MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUES
1. CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
I. Loose Connective Tissues
i. Areolar connective tissue
ii. Adipose connective tissue
iii. Reticular connective tissue
II. Dense Connective Tissues
i. Dense regular connective tissue
ii. Dense irregular connective tissue
iii. Elastic connective tissue
2. SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
2
I. Cartilage
i. Hyaline cartilage
ii. Fibrous cartilage
iii. Elastic cartilage
II. Bone Tissue
i. Compact bone
ii. Spongy bone
3. FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE
I. Blood Tissue
II. Lymph
• Summary
• Exercises
• Glossary
• References
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
3
Learning objectives
• To discuss the common characteristics features of connective tissues.
• To describe the functions and location of connective tissues.
• To describe the different components (cells, fibers, ground substance) of
connective tissues.
• To classify the various types of connective tissues.
• Describe the structure, location and function of each type of connective
tissues.
• Describe the different cells found in connective tissue.
INTRODUCTION
Animal tissue is an assemblage of identical cells derived from the same origin which
is for performing specific function. Tissues of animal are classified into four major
categories: epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissues (Fig 1). All these
categories of tissues are organized to form organs and structures of animal body.
Although each of the animals usually has these four kinds of tissues, the appearance
and expression of all these tissues types may vary.
Connective tissue is one of the four major categories of animal tissues that supports,
joins and separate different forms of tissues and organs of the body. Connective
tissue is present all over the body excluding the central nervous system. Cells of the
connective tissue are more broadly apart from each other as compared to those in
epithelial tissues. Connective tissues contains larger amount of extra-cellular matrix
which is considerably absent in epithelial tissue.
Page 5
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
0
Lesson Name : Connective Tissues
Lesson Developer : Dr. Zubeda
College/Department : Zoology
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
1
Table of Contents
• Introduction
• General Features of Connective Tissue
• Locations of Connective Tissues
• Functions of Connective Tissues
• Components of Connective Tissue
(I) Specialized cells in Connective Tissue
1. Fibroblasts
2. Macrophages
3. Plasma cells
4. Mast cells
5. Adipocytes
6. Leukocytes
(II) Extracellular Matrix in Connective Tissue
i. Ground Substance
ii. Connective Tissue Fibers
a. Collagen fibers
b. Elastic fibers
c. Reticular fibers
• Classification of Connective Tissues
A. EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUES
i. Mesenchyme
ii. Mucous connective tissue
B. MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUES
1. CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
I. Loose Connective Tissues
i. Areolar connective tissue
ii. Adipose connective tissue
iii. Reticular connective tissue
II. Dense Connective Tissues
i. Dense regular connective tissue
ii. Dense irregular connective tissue
iii. Elastic connective tissue
2. SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
2
I. Cartilage
i. Hyaline cartilage
ii. Fibrous cartilage
iii. Elastic cartilage
II. Bone Tissue
i. Compact bone
ii. Spongy bone
3. FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE
I. Blood Tissue
II. Lymph
• Summary
• Exercises
• Glossary
• References
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
3
Learning objectives
• To discuss the common characteristics features of connective tissues.
• To describe the functions and location of connective tissues.
• To describe the different components (cells, fibers, ground substance) of
connective tissues.
• To classify the various types of connective tissues.
• Describe the structure, location and function of each type of connective
tissues.
• Describe the different cells found in connective tissue.
INTRODUCTION
Animal tissue is an assemblage of identical cells derived from the same origin which
is for performing specific function. Tissues of animal are classified into four major
categories: epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissues (Fig 1). All these
categories of tissues are organized to form organs and structures of animal body.
Although each of the animals usually has these four kinds of tissues, the appearance
and expression of all these tissues types may vary.
Connective tissue is one of the four major categories of animal tissues that supports,
joins and separate different forms of tissues and organs of the body. Connective
tissue is present all over the body excluding the central nervous system. Cells of the
connective tissue are more broadly apart from each other as compared to those in
epithelial tissues. Connective tissues contains larger amount of extra-cellular matrix
which is considerably absent in epithelial tissue.
Connective Tissues
Institute of Life Long Learning, University of Delhi
4
Fig. 1. Four basic types of tissues.
Source: http://cnx.org/contents/4e46e67c-5867-4d6b-8583-fa0bba6d65af@1 CC
Image Credit: CC BY-SA 4.0
GENERAL FEATURES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Followings are the general features of connective tissues which are different from the
other types of tissues of animals:
• Connective tissues are present in all part of the body excluding central nervous
system.
• These tissues are never exposed to the outer environment.
• In their various forms, connective tissues have a variety of functions.
Read More
FAQs on Lecture 2 - Connective Tissue - Animal Physiology and Functional Histology- I - MBBS
| 1. What is connective tissue? |  |
Ans. Connective tissue is a type of tissue found in the human body that provides support and structure to organs and other tissues. It is composed of cells and an extracellular matrix, which consists of protein fibers and ground substance. Connective tissue is involved in various functions such as binding, protection, insulation, and transportation of substances.
| 2. How many types of connective tissue are there? | |
Ans. There are several types of connective tissue in the human body. The main types include loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood. Each type of connective tissue has its own unique characteristics and functions.
| 3. What are the functions of connective tissue? | |
Ans. Connective tissue performs a variety of functions in the body. It provides structural support to organs and tissues, helps in binding and connecting different parts of the body, cushions and protects organs, stores energy in the form of fat, transports nutrients and waste products, and participates in the immune response.
| 4. How is connective tissue formed? | |
Ans. Connective tissue is formed through a process called fibroplasia. Fibroblasts, which are cells present in connective tissue, produce and secrete the extracellular matrix components such as collagen and elastin fibers. These fibers, along with other components like ground substance, combine to form the connective tissue.
| 5. What are some common disorders or diseases associated with connective tissue? | |
Ans. There are various disorders and diseases that can affect connective tissue. Some examples include rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, and scleroderma. These conditions can lead to joint pain, inflammation, tissue damage, and other symptoms depending on the specific disorder.
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