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Radar, Satellite & Navigation Aids Question Paper, BE Electronics & Communication Engineering (ECE) - Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) PDF Download

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FAQs on Radar, Satellite & Navigation Aids Question Paper, BE Electronics & Communication Engineering (ECE) - Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE)

1. What is the difference between radar, satellite, and navigation aids?
Ans. Radar, satellite, and navigation aids are all used for different purposes in the field of electronics and communication engineering. - Radar is a technology that uses radio waves to detect and locate objects. It is commonly used in aviation, weather monitoring, and military applications. Radar can determine the range, angle, and velocity of objects and is used for navigation, surveillance, and collision avoidance. - Satellites are artificial objects placed in orbit around the Earth or other celestial bodies. They are used for various purposes such as communication, weather monitoring, navigation, and scientific research. Satellites play a crucial role in providing global communication coverage and gathering data for weather forecasting. - Navigation aids are systems or devices used to assist in the navigation of vehicles or vessels. They include instruments such as compasses, GPS (Global Positioning System), gyroscopes, and beacons. These aids help determine the position, direction, and speed of vehicles, ensuring accurate navigation.
2. How does radar work?
Ans. Radar works by transmitting radio waves and then receiving the reflected waves from objects in its path. The radar system consists of a transmitter, antenna, receiver, and signal processing unit. - The transmitter sends out radio waves in short pulses. These waves travel through the air and when they encounter an object, they get reflected back. - The antenna detects the reflected waves and sends them to the receiver. - The receiver amplifies the received waves and extracts useful information from them, such as the time taken for the waves to travel to the object and back. This information helps calculate the distance to the object. - The signal processing unit interprets the received signals and generates a visual representation, known as a radar display, which shows the location and movement of objects.
3. How are satellites used for communication?
Ans. Satellites play a crucial role in global communication by providing long-distance transmission of signals. Here's how satellites are used for communication: - Communication satellites are placed in geostationary orbit, approximately 35,786 kilometers above the Earth's equator. In this orbit, satellites match the Earth's rotation, appearing stationary from the ground. - Communication signals, such as television, telephone, and internet data, are transmitted to the satellite from ground-based stations using high-frequency radio waves. - The satellite receives the signals and amplifies them before transmitting them back to Earth. - Ground-based receiving stations, equipped with satellite dishes, capture the transmitted signals and convert them into usable forms, such as TV channels or internet data. - The signals are then distributed to users through cable networks or wireless technologies.
4. What is the importance of navigation aids in aviation?
Ans. Navigation aids play a vital role in aviation by ensuring safe and accurate navigation of aircraft. Here's why navigation aids are important: - Navigation aids provide pilots with information such as the aircraft's position, altitude, direction, and distance to the destination. This helps pilots plan and execute flights more efficiently. - Systems like GPS (Global Positioning System) provide precise location data, allowing pilots to navigate through various airspace and follow designated flight paths. - Navigation aids help pilots maintain correct track and avoid obstacles, especially during adverse weather conditions or low visibility situations. - They assist in landing procedures, providing accurate guidance to pilots during approach and landing. - Navigation aids contribute to the overall safety of air travel by reducing the risk of collisions and ensuring adherence to air traffic control regulations.
5. How does GPS technology work for navigation?
Ans. GPS (Global Positioning System) technology uses a network of satellites to provide accurate positioning and navigation information. Here's how GPS works: - GPS receivers, such as those found in smartphones or navigation devices, communicate with multiple GPS satellites orbiting the Earth. - Each GPS satellite continuously broadcasts signals that contain the satellite's location and the precise time the signal was transmitted. - The GPS receiver picks up signals from at least four satellites and calculates the distance to each satellite based on the time it took for the signals to reach the receiver. - Using the distances to multiple satellites, the GPS receiver can determine its own position through a process called trilateration. - The GPS receiver combines the position information from multiple satellites and displays the user's latitude, longitude, altitude, and sometimes even speed and direction. - GPS technology is widely used in various applications, including navigation systems, mapping, vehicle tracking, and outdoor activities like hiking and geocaching.
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