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FUNDAMENTALS OF
Database
Systems
SIXTH EDITION
Page 3


FUNDAMENTALS OF
Database
Systems
SIXTH EDITION
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FUNDAMENTALS OF
Database
Systems
SIXTH EDITION
This page intentionally left blank 
FUNDAMENTALS OF
Database
Systems
SIXTH EDITION
Ramez Elmasri
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
The University of Texas at Arlington
Shamkant B. Navathe
College of Computing
Georgia Institute of Technology
Addison-Wesley
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Page 5


FUNDAMENTALS OF
Database
Systems
SIXTH EDITION
This page intentionally left blank 
FUNDAMENTALS OF
Database
Systems
SIXTH EDITION
Ramez Elmasri
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
The University of Texas at Arlington
Shamkant B. Navathe
College of Computing
Georgia Institute of Technology
Addison-Wesley
Boston   Columbus   Indianapolis   New Y ork   San Francisco   Upper Saddle River 
Amsterdam   Cape T own   Dubai   London   Madrid   Milan  Munich  Paris  Montreal  T oronto 
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Elmasri, Ramez.
Fundamentals of database systems / Ramez Elmasri, Shamkant B. Navathe.—6th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-136-08620-8
1. Database management. I. Navathe, Sham. II. Title.
QA76.9.D3E57 2010
005.74—dc22 Addison-Wesley
is an imprint of
10  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1—CW—14 13 12 11 10
ISBN 10: 0-136-08620-9
ISBN 13: 978-0-136-08620-8
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FAQs on Fundamentals of Database System - Elmasri-Navathe (Sixth Edition) - Computer Science Engineering (CSE)

1. What are the key components of a database system?
Ans. The key components of a database system include the following: - Data: This refers to the information that is stored in the database system. - Hardware: It includes the physical devices such as computers, storage devices, and networks that are used to store and retrieve data. - Software: This includes the database management system (DBMS), which is responsible for managing the database, as well as any other software tools that are used to interact with the database. - Procedures: These are the guidelines and rules that govern how the database system is used, including data entry, retrieval, and manipulation. - Users: These are the individuals or applications that interact with the database system, such as end-users, administrators, and developers.
2. What is a database management system (DBMS)?
Ans. A database management system (DBMS) is a software tool that allows users to manage and manipulate databases. It provides an interface for users to create, retrieve, update, and delete data from the database. The DBMS also handles tasks such as data security, data integrity, and data concurrency. It acts as an intermediary between the users and the physical database, allowing users to interact with the database without having to worry about low-level details of data storage and retrieval.
3. What is the importance of database normalization?
Ans. Database normalization is important because it helps to eliminate data redundancy, improve data integrity, and increase query efficiency. By organizing data into multiple tables and defining relationships between them, normalization ensures that each piece of data is stored in only one place, reducing the chances of data inconsistencies and anomalies. This improves data integrity and makes it easier to maintain and update the database. Additionally, normalized databases are more efficient for querying as they require fewer joins and can be indexed more effectively.
4. What is the difference between a primary key and a foreign key?
Ans. A primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a table. It is used to ensure that each record in the table can be uniquely identified. A primary key cannot contain null values and must be unique across all records in the table. On the other hand, a foreign key is a field in a table that refers to the primary key of another table. It establishes a relationship between two tables and ensures data integrity by enforcing referential integrity constraints. A foreign key can contain null values and does not have to be unique within the table.
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a relational database?
Ans. Advantages of using a relational database include: - Data integrity: Relational databases enforce data integrity constraints, ensuring that data is accurate and consistent. - Flexibility: Relational databases allow for easy data manipulation, query optimization, and the ability to handle complex relationships between data. - Scalability: Relational databases can handle large amounts of data and can scale as the data grows. Disadvantages of using a relational database include: - Complexity: Designing and maintaining a relational database can be complex and requires specialized knowledge. - Performance: Relational databases may not perform as well for certain types of queries or when dealing with large volumes of data. - Cost: Implementing and managing a relational database can be costly, including licensing fees for the DBMS and hardware requirements.
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