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FAQs on Relation between shear stress, pressure gradient and velocity distribution - JEE

1. What is the relation between shear stress and pressure gradient?
Ans. Shear stress is directly proportional to the pressure gradient. This means that as the pressure gradient increases, the shear stress also increases. The relationship between shear stress and pressure gradient is given by the equation: Shear stress = (viscosity) * (pressure gradient).
2. How does velocity distribution affect shear stress?
Ans. Velocity distribution is a crucial factor in determining shear stress. In general, shear stress is directly proportional to the velocity gradient. This means that as the velocity distribution becomes steeper (i.e., the velocity changes more rapidly), the shear stress increases. However, in laminar flow, the velocity distribution is linear and the shear stress is constant throughout the fluid.
3. What is the significance of shear stress in fluid mechanics?
Ans. Shear stress is of great importance in fluid mechanics as it helps in understanding the behavior of fluids. It is responsible for the viscous drag experienced by objects moving through fluids. Shear stress also plays a vital role in determining the flow characteristics of fluids, such as the formation of boundary layers and the development of turbulence.
4. How does viscosity affect shear stress?
Ans. Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow. It determines the magnitude of shear stress in a fluid. The higher the viscosity of a fluid, the higher the shear stress it can withstand. This is because high-viscosity fluids offer more resistance to shear deformation, resulting in higher shear stress values. In contrast, low-viscosity fluids have lower shear stress values.
5. What factors influence the velocity distribution in fluid flow?
Ans. Several factors influence the velocity distribution in fluid flow. These include the shape of the flow channel, the boundary conditions, the presence of obstacles or disturbances, and the type of flow (laminar or turbulent). Additionally, the velocity distribution can be affected by the fluid's viscosity, density, and the applied pressure gradient. Understanding these factors is crucial in analyzing and predicting the velocity distribution in fluid flow systems.
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