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 Page 1


dkO; [kaM
ân; fla/q efr lhi lekukA
Lokfr lkjnk dgfga lqtkukA
tks cj"kb cj ckfj fopk:A
gksafg dfor eqDrkefu pk:AA
& rqylhnkl
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Page 2


dkO; [kaM
ân; fla/q efr lhi lekukA
Lokfr lkjnk dgfga lqtkukA
tks cj"kb cj ckfj fopk:A
gksafg dfor eqDrkefu pk:AA
& rqylhnkl
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lu~ 1857 osQ ckxh lSfudksa dk dkSeh xhr
ge  gSa  blosQ  ekfyd  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
ikd oru gS dkSe dk tUur ls Hkh I;kjk
;s  gS  gekjh  fefYd;r  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
bldh  :gkfu;r  ls  jks'ku  gS  tx  lkjk
fdruh dnhe fdruk ubZe] lc nqfu;k ls U;kjk
djrh gS tj[ks”k ftls xaxks&tequ dh /kjk
mQij   cI
+
kQhZyk   ioZr   igjsnkj   gekjk
uhps lkfgy ij ctrk] lkxj dk uDdkjk
bldh  [kkusa  mxy  jgha  lksuk  ghjk  ikjk
bldh  'kku&'kkSdr  dk  nqfu;k  esa  t;dkjk
vk;k  fiQjaxh  nwj  ls  ,slk  earj  ekjk
ywVk  nksuksa  gkFk  ls  I;kjk  oru  gekjk
vkt 'kghnksa us gS rqedks vgys oru yydkjk
rksM+ks  xqykeh  dh  ”kathjsa  cjlkvks  vaxkjk
¯gnw eqlyeka fl[k gekjk HkkbZ HkkbZ I;kjk
;g gS vktknh dk >aMk bls lyke gekjkAA
1857 1857
tax&,&vk”kknh osQ 'kghnksa dks lyke
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
Page 3


dkO; [kaM
ân; fla/q efr lhi lekukA
Lokfr lkjnk dgfga lqtkukA
tks cj"kb cj ckfj fopk:A
gksafg dfor eqDrkefu pk:AA
& rqylhnkl
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lu~ 1857 osQ ckxh lSfudksa dk dkSeh xhr
ge  gSa  blosQ  ekfyd  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
ikd oru gS dkSe dk tUur ls Hkh I;kjk
;s  gS  gekjh  fefYd;r  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
bldh  :gkfu;r  ls  jks'ku  gS  tx  lkjk
fdruh dnhe fdruk ubZe] lc nqfu;k ls U;kjk
djrh gS tj[ks”k ftls xaxks&tequ dh /kjk
mQij   cI
+
kQhZyk   ioZr   igjsnkj   gekjk
uhps lkfgy ij ctrk] lkxj dk uDdkjk
bldh  [kkusa  mxy  jgha  lksuk  ghjk  ikjk
bldh  'kku&'kkSdr  dk  nqfu;k  esa  t;dkjk
vk;k  fiQjaxh  nwj  ls  ,slk  earj  ekjk
ywVk  nksuksa  gkFk  ls  I;kjk  oru  gekjk
vkt 'kghnksa us gS rqedks vgys oru yydkjk
rksM+ks  xqykeh  dh  ”kathjsa  cjlkvks  vaxkjk
¯gnw eqlyeka fl[k gekjk HkkbZ HkkbZ I;kjk
;g gS vktknh dk >aMk bls lyke gekjkAA
1857 1857
tax&,&vk”kknh osQ 'kghnksa dks lyke
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lw
jnkl dk tUe lu~ 1478 esa ekuk tkrk gSA ,d ekU;rk
osQ vuqlkj mudk tUe eFkqjk osQ fudV jQudrk ;k
js.kqdk {ks=k esa gqvk tcfd nwljh ekU;rk osQ vuqlkj mudk
tUe&LFkku fnYyh osQ ikl lhgh ekuk tkrk gSA egkizHkq
oYyHkkpk;Z osQ f'k"; lwjnkl v"VNki osQ dfo;ksa esa lokZfèkd
izfl¼ gSaA os eFkqjk vkSj o`ankou osQ chp xmQ?kkV ij jgrs
Fks vkSj JhukFk th osQ eafnj esa Hktu&dhrZu djrs FksA lu~
1583 esa ikjlkSyh esa mudk fuèku gqvkA
muosQ rhu xzaFkksa lwjlkxj] lkfgR; ygjh vkSj lwj
lkjkoyh esa lwjlkxj gh lokZfèkd yksdfiz; gqvkA [ksrh
vkSj i'kqikyu okys Hkkjrh; lekt dk nSfud varjax fp=k
vkSj euq"; dh LokHkkfod o`fÙk;ksa dk fp=k.k lwj dh dfork
esa feyrk gSA lwj ^okRlY;* vkSj ^ Ük`axkj*  osQ Js"B dfo
ekus tkrs gSaA Ñ".k vkSj xksfi;ksa dk izse lgt ekuoh; izse
dh izfr"Bk djrk gSA lwj us ekuo izse dh xkSjoxkFkk osQ
ekè;e ls lkekU; euq";ksa dks ghurk cksèk ls eqDr fd;k]
muesa thus dh yyd iSnk dhA
mudh dfork esa cztHkk"kk dk fu[kjk gqvk :i gSA og
pyh vk jgh yksdxhrksa dh ijaijk dh gh Js"B dM+h gSA
lwjnkl
1
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
Page 4


dkO; [kaM
ân; fla/q efr lhi lekukA
Lokfr lkjnk dgfga lqtkukA
tks cj"kb cj ckfj fopk:A
gksafg dfor eqDrkefu pk:AA
& rqylhnkl
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lu~ 1857 osQ ckxh lSfudksa dk dkSeh xhr
ge  gSa  blosQ  ekfyd  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
ikd oru gS dkSe dk tUur ls Hkh I;kjk
;s  gS  gekjh  fefYd;r  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
bldh  :gkfu;r  ls  jks'ku  gS  tx  lkjk
fdruh dnhe fdruk ubZe] lc nqfu;k ls U;kjk
djrh gS tj[ks”k ftls xaxks&tequ dh /kjk
mQij   cI
+
kQhZyk   ioZr   igjsnkj   gekjk
uhps lkfgy ij ctrk] lkxj dk uDdkjk
bldh  [kkusa  mxy  jgha  lksuk  ghjk  ikjk
bldh  'kku&'kkSdr  dk  nqfu;k  esa  t;dkjk
vk;k  fiQjaxh  nwj  ls  ,slk  earj  ekjk
ywVk  nksuksa  gkFk  ls  I;kjk  oru  gekjk
vkt 'kghnksa us gS rqedks vgys oru yydkjk
rksM+ks  xqykeh  dh  ”kathjsa  cjlkvks  vaxkjk
¯gnw eqlyeka fl[k gekjk HkkbZ HkkbZ I;kjk
;g gS vktknh dk >aMk bls lyke gekjkAA
1857 1857
tax&,&vk”kknh osQ 'kghnksa dks lyke
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lw
jnkl dk tUe lu~ 1478 esa ekuk tkrk gSA ,d ekU;rk
osQ vuqlkj mudk tUe eFkqjk osQ fudV jQudrk ;k
js.kqdk {ks=k esa gqvk tcfd nwljh ekU;rk osQ vuqlkj mudk
tUe&LFkku fnYyh osQ ikl lhgh ekuk tkrk gSA egkizHkq
oYyHkkpk;Z osQ f'k"; lwjnkl v"VNki osQ dfo;ksa esa lokZfèkd
izfl¼ gSaA os eFkqjk vkSj o`ankou osQ chp xmQ?kkV ij jgrs
Fks vkSj JhukFk th osQ eafnj esa Hktu&dhrZu djrs FksA lu~
1583 esa ikjlkSyh esa mudk fuèku gqvkA
muosQ rhu xzaFkksa lwjlkxj] lkfgR; ygjh vkSj lwj
lkjkoyh esa lwjlkxj gh lokZfèkd yksdfiz; gqvkA [ksrh
vkSj i'kqikyu okys Hkkjrh; lekt dk nSfud varjax fp=k
vkSj euq"; dh LokHkkfod o`fÙk;ksa dk fp=k.k lwj dh dfork
esa feyrk gSA lwj ^okRlY;* vkSj ^ Ük`axkj*  osQ Js"B dfo
ekus tkrs gSaA Ñ".k vkSj xksfi;ksa dk izse lgt ekuoh; izse
dh izfr"Bk djrk gSA lwj us ekuo izse dh xkSjoxkFkk osQ
ekè;e ls lkekU; euq";ksa dks ghurk cksèk ls eqDr fd;k]
muesa thus dh yyd iSnk dhA
mudh dfork esa cztHkk"kk dk fu[kjk gqvk :i gSA og
pyh vk jgh yksdxhrksa dh ijaijk dh gh Js"B dM+h gSA
lwjnkl
1
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
4
;gk¡ lwjlkxj osQ Hkzejxhr ls pkj in fy, x, gSaA Ñ".k us eFkqjk tkus osQ ckn
Lo;a u ykSVdj m¼o osQ tfj, xksfi;ksa osQ ikl lans'k Hkstk FkkA m¼o us fuxZq.k
czã ,oa ;ksx dk mins'k nsdj xksfi;ksa dh fojg osnuk dks 'kkar djus dk iz;kl
fd;kA xksfi;k¡ Kku ekxZ dh ctk; izse ekxZ dks ilan djrh FkhaA bl dkj.k mUgsa
m¼o dk 'kq"d lans'k ilan ugha vk;kA rHkh ogk¡ ,d HkkSajk vk igq¡pkA ;gha ls
Hkzejxhr dk izkjaHk gksrk gSA xksfi;ksa us Hkzej osQ cgkus m¼o ij O;aX; ck.k NksM+sA
igys in esa xksfi;ksa dh ;g f'kdk;r okf”kc yxrh gS fd ;fn m¼o dHkh Lusg
osQ èkkxs ls c¡èks gksrs rks os fojg dh osnuk dks vuqHkwr vo'; dj ikrsA nwljs in
esa xksfi;ksa dh ;g LohdkjksfDr fd muosQ eu dh vfHkyk"kk,¡ eu esa gh jg xb±]
Ñ".k osQ izfr muosQ izse dh xgjkbZ dks vfHkO;Dr djrh gSA rhljs in esa os m¼o
dh ;ksx lkèkuk dks dM+oh ddM+h tSlk crkdj vius ,dfu"B izse esa n`<+ fo'okl
izdV djrh gSaA pkSFks in esa m¼o dks rkuk ekjrh gSa fd o`Q".k us vc jktuhfr
i<+ yh gSA var esa xksfi;ksa }kjk m¼o dks jktèkeZ (iztk dk fgr) ;kn fnyk;k tkuk
lwjnkl dh yksdèkfeZrk dks n'kkZrk gSA
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Page 5


dkO; [kaM
ân; fla/q efr lhi lekukA
Lokfr lkjnk dgfga lqtkukA
tks cj"kb cj ckfj fopk:A
gksafg dfor eqDrkefu pk:AA
& rqylhnkl
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lu~ 1857 osQ ckxh lSfudksa dk dkSeh xhr
ge  gSa  blosQ  ekfyd  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
ikd oru gS dkSe dk tUur ls Hkh I;kjk
;s  gS  gekjh  fefYd;r  ¯gnqLrku  gekjk
bldh  :gkfu;r  ls  jks'ku  gS  tx  lkjk
fdruh dnhe fdruk ubZe] lc nqfu;k ls U;kjk
djrh gS tj[ks”k ftls xaxks&tequ dh /kjk
mQij   cI
+
kQhZyk   ioZr   igjsnkj   gekjk
uhps lkfgy ij ctrk] lkxj dk uDdkjk
bldh  [kkusa  mxy  jgha  lksuk  ghjk  ikjk
bldh  'kku&'kkSdr  dk  nqfu;k  esa  t;dkjk
vk;k  fiQjaxh  nwj  ls  ,slk  earj  ekjk
ywVk  nksuksa  gkFk  ls  I;kjk  oru  gekjk
vkt 'kghnksa us gS rqedks vgys oru yydkjk
rksM+ks  xqykeh  dh  ”kathjsa  cjlkvks  vaxkjk
¯gnw eqlyeka fl[k gekjk HkkbZ HkkbZ I;kjk
;g gS vktknh dk >aMk bls lyke gekjkAA
1857 1857
tax&,&vk”kknh osQ 'kghnksa dks lyke
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lw
jnkl dk tUe lu~ 1478 esa ekuk tkrk gSA ,d ekU;rk
osQ vuqlkj mudk tUe eFkqjk osQ fudV jQudrk ;k
js.kqdk {ks=k esa gqvk tcfd nwljh ekU;rk osQ vuqlkj mudk
tUe&LFkku fnYyh osQ ikl lhgh ekuk tkrk gSA egkizHkq
oYyHkkpk;Z osQ f'k"; lwjnkl v"VNki osQ dfo;ksa esa lokZfèkd
izfl¼ gSaA os eFkqjk vkSj o`ankou osQ chp xmQ?kkV ij jgrs
Fks vkSj JhukFk th osQ eafnj esa Hktu&dhrZu djrs FksA lu~
1583 esa ikjlkSyh esa mudk fuèku gqvkA
muosQ rhu xzaFkksa lwjlkxj] lkfgR; ygjh vkSj lwj
lkjkoyh esa lwjlkxj gh lokZfèkd yksdfiz; gqvkA [ksrh
vkSj i'kqikyu okys Hkkjrh; lekt dk nSfud varjax fp=k
vkSj euq"; dh LokHkkfod o`fÙk;ksa dk fp=k.k lwj dh dfork
esa feyrk gSA lwj ^okRlY;* vkSj ^ Ük`axkj*  osQ Js"B dfo
ekus tkrs gSaA Ñ".k vkSj xksfi;ksa dk izse lgt ekuoh; izse
dh izfr"Bk djrk gSA lwj us ekuo izse dh xkSjoxkFkk osQ
ekè;e ls lkekU; euq";ksa dks ghurk cksèk ls eqDr fd;k]
muesa thus dh yyd iSnk dhA
mudh dfork esa cztHkk"kk dk fu[kjk gqvk :i gSA og
pyh vk jgh yksdxhrksa dh ijaijk dh gh Js"B dM+h gSA
lwjnkl
1
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
f{kfrt
4
;gk¡ lwjlkxj osQ Hkzejxhr ls pkj in fy, x, gSaA Ñ".k us eFkqjk tkus osQ ckn
Lo;a u ykSVdj m¼o osQ tfj, xksfi;ksa osQ ikl lans'k Hkstk FkkA m¼o us fuxZq.k
czã ,oa ;ksx dk mins'k nsdj xksfi;ksa dh fojg osnuk dks 'kkar djus dk iz;kl
fd;kA xksfi;k¡ Kku ekxZ dh ctk; izse ekxZ dks ilan djrh FkhaA bl dkj.k mUgsa
m¼o dk 'kq"d lans'k ilan ugha vk;kA rHkh ogk¡ ,d HkkSajk vk igq¡pkA ;gha ls
Hkzejxhr dk izkjaHk gksrk gSA xksfi;ksa us Hkzej osQ cgkus m¼o ij O;aX; ck.k NksM+sA
igys in esa xksfi;ksa dh ;g f'kdk;r okf”kc yxrh gS fd ;fn m¼o dHkh Lusg
osQ èkkxs ls c¡èks gksrs rks os fojg dh osnuk dks vuqHkwr vo'; dj ikrsA nwljs in
esa xksfi;ksa dh ;g LohdkjksfDr fd muosQ eu dh vfHkyk"kk,¡ eu esa gh jg xb±]
Ñ".k osQ izfr muosQ izse dh xgjkbZ dks vfHkO;Dr djrh gSA rhljs in esa os m¼o
dh ;ksx lkèkuk dks dM+oh ddM+h tSlk crkdj vius ,dfu"B izse esa n`<+ fo'okl
izdV djrh gSaA pkSFks in esa m¼o dks rkuk ekjrh gSa fd o`Q".k us vc jktuhfr
i<+ yh gSA var esa xksfi;ksa }kjk m¼o dks jktèkeZ (iztk dk fgr) ;kn fnyk;k tkuk
lwjnkl dh yksdèkfeZrk dks n'kkZrk gSA
Reprint 2024-25 Reprint 2024-25
lwjnkl
5
in
(1)
ÅèkkS] rqe gkS vfr cM+HkkxhA
vijl jgr lusg rxk rSa] ukfgu eu vuqjkxhA
iqjbfu ikr jgr ty Hkhrj] rk jl nsg u nkxhA
T;kSa ty ekg¡ rsy dh xkxfj] cw¡n u rkdkSa ykxhA
izhfr&unh eSa ikm¡ u cksjÔkS] n`f"V u :i ijkxhA
^lwjnkl* vcyk ge Hkksjh] xqj pk¡Vh T;kSa ikxhAA
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FAQs on NCERT Textbook - पद - NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 10

1. What is the meaning of the term 'Pad' in Hindi literature?
Ans. In Hindi literature, 'Pad' refers to a genre of poetry that is usually sung in a musical form. It is often associated with the folk traditions of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and other parts of North India.
2. What are some common themes in 'Pad' poetry?
Ans. 'Pad' poetry often deals with themes of love, separation, devotion, and nature. Many 'Pad' poems also explore social issues or tell stories of heroic deeds.
3. Who were some famous 'Pad' poets in Hindi literature?
Ans. Some of the most well-known 'Pad' poets in Hindi literature include Meera Bai, Kabir, Surdas, and Mirabai. These poets were known for their lyrical and emotional style of writing.
4. How is 'Pad' different from other genres of Hindi poetry?
Ans. 'Pad' poetry is often distinguished from other genres of Hindi poetry by its musicality and use of simple, everyday language. It is meant to be sung and enjoyed by a wide audience, rather than read silently on a page.
5. How can studying 'Pad' poetry be beneficial for students?
Ans. Studying 'Pad' poetry can help students develop an appreciation for Indian culture and heritage. It can also help them improve their language skills, as they learn to appreciate the nuances of Hindi poetry. Additionally, 'Pad' poetry can be a valuable source of inspiration for creative writing and music composition.
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