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 Page 1


1 | P a g e 
 
 
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN 
RAIPUR REGION 
STUDY MODULES 
CHEMISTRY 
CLASS-XI  2016-17 
 
                                                         NAME OF CHAPTERS 
1. CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
2. THERMODYNAMICS 
3. EQUILLIBRIUM 
4. REDOX REACTIONS 
5.  S- BLOCK ELEMENTS 
6. SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS 
7. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY & BASIC PRINCIPLES 
8. HYDROCARBONS 
COORDINATOR- SHRI K. SASEENDRAN, 
 ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER, KVS-RO RAIPUR 
 
               SUBJECT EXPERTS- 
                   MRS M. SHARDA RAO,PGT(CHEM.)  K.V. SECL JHAGRAKHAND 
               MR. SANTOSH CHAINI,PGT (CHEM), KV DONGARGARH 
 
Page 2


1 | P a g e 
 
 
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN 
RAIPUR REGION 
STUDY MODULES 
CHEMISTRY 
CLASS-XI  2016-17 
 
                                                         NAME OF CHAPTERS 
1. CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
2. THERMODYNAMICS 
3. EQUILLIBRIUM 
4. REDOX REACTIONS 
5.  S- BLOCK ELEMENTS 
6. SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS 
7. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY & BASIC PRINCIPLES 
8. HYDROCARBONS 
COORDINATOR- SHRI K. SASEENDRAN, 
 ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER, KVS-RO RAIPUR 
 
               SUBJECT EXPERTS- 
                   MRS M. SHARDA RAO,PGT(CHEM.)  K.V. SECL JHAGRAKHAND 
               MR. SANTOSH CHAINI,PGT (CHEM), KV DONGARGARH 
 
2 | P a g e 
 
                                                         INDEX 
 
S.N NAME OF THE UNIT PAGE NO. 
 FROM--- TO--- 
1 CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
03--27 
2 THERMODYNAMICS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
28-34 
3 EQUILLIBRIUM 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
35-40 
4 REDOX REACTIONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
36-46 
5 S- BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
47-51 
6 SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
52-71 
7 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – 
SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
72-85 
8 HYDROCARBONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
86-101 
 
Page 3


1 | P a g e 
 
 
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN 
RAIPUR REGION 
STUDY MODULES 
CHEMISTRY 
CLASS-XI  2016-17 
 
                                                         NAME OF CHAPTERS 
1. CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
2. THERMODYNAMICS 
3. EQUILLIBRIUM 
4. REDOX REACTIONS 
5.  S- BLOCK ELEMENTS 
6. SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS 
7. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY & BASIC PRINCIPLES 
8. HYDROCARBONS 
COORDINATOR- SHRI K. SASEENDRAN, 
 ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER, KVS-RO RAIPUR 
 
               SUBJECT EXPERTS- 
                   MRS M. SHARDA RAO,PGT(CHEM.)  K.V. SECL JHAGRAKHAND 
               MR. SANTOSH CHAINI,PGT (CHEM), KV DONGARGARH 
 
2 | P a g e 
 
                                                         INDEX 
 
S.N NAME OF THE UNIT PAGE NO. 
 FROM--- TO--- 
1 CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
03--27 
2 THERMODYNAMICS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
28-34 
3 EQUILLIBRIUM 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
35-40 
4 REDOX REACTIONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
36-46 
5 S- BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
47-51 
6 SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
52-71 
7 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – 
SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
72-85 
8 HYDROCARBONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
86-101 
 
3 | P a g e 
 
CHAPTER-4 
 
       CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
 
OCTET RULE- During a chemical reaction the atoms tend to adjust their electronic 
arrangement in such a way that they achieve 8 e
-
 in their outermost electron. This is called 
octet rule. 
CHEMICAL BOND- the chemical force which keeps the atoms in any molecule 
together is called a chemical bond. 
IONIC BOND- The columbic force of attraction which holds the appositively charged ions 
together is called an ionic bond. An ionic bond is formed by the complete transfer of one or 
more electrons from the atom of a metal to an atom of non- metal. 
LATTICE ENTHALPY- The molar enthalpy change accompanying the complete separation of 
the constituent particles that compose of the solids (such as ions for ionic solid, molecules for 
molecular solids) under standard conditions is called lattice enthalpy (?
l
H
o
). The lattice enthalpy 
is a positive quantity. 
ELECTRO VALENCY: The number of electrons lost or gain by an atom of an element is 
called as electrovalency. 
The element which give up electrons to form positive ions are said to have positive valency, 
while the elements which accept electrons to form negative ions are said to have negative 
valency. 
FORMATION OF AN IONIC BOND: It is favoured by, (i) the low ionisation enthalpy of 
a metallic element which forms the cations, (ii) High electron gain enthalpy of non- metallic 
element which forms the anions, (iii) Large lattice enthalpy i.e; the smaller size and the 
higher charge of the atoms. 
COVALENCY:The number of electrons which an atom contributes towards mutual sharing 
during the formation of a chemical bond called its covalency in that compound. 
SINGLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of one pair of 
electrons is called a single covalent bond, or simply a single bond. A single covalent bond is 
represented by a small line (-) between the two atoms 
DOUBLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of two pair of 
electrons is called a double covalent bond, or simply a double bond. A double covalent bond is 
represented by two small horizontal lines (=) between the two atoms. E.g. O=O, O=C=O etc. 
TRIPLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of three pair of 
electrons is called a triple covalent bond, or simply a triple bond. A triple covalent bond is 
represented by three small horizontal lines (=) between the two atoms. E.g. N=N, H-C=C-H etc. 
FORMATION OF A COVALENT BOND: Formation of a covalent bond is favoured by 
(i) High ionisation enthalpy of the combining elements.  
(ii) Nearly equal electron gain enthalpy and equal electro-negativities of combining elements. 
(iii)  High nuclear charge and small atomic size of the combining elements.  
POLAR COVALENT BOND: The bond between two unlike atoms which differ in their 
affinities for electrons is said to be polar covalent bond. E.g. H-Cl 
COORDINATE BOND: The bond formed when one sided sharing of electrons take place is 
called a coordinate bond. Such a bond is also known as dative bond. It is represented by an 
arrow (?) pointing towards the acceptor atom. E.g. H
3N
?BF
3
 
Bond Length: Bond length is defined as the equilibrium distance between the nuclei of 
two bonded atoms in a molecule 
Bond Angle: It is defined as the angle between the orbitals containing bonding electron 
pairs around the central atom in a molecule/complex ion. 
Bond Enthalpy: It is defined as the amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds of 
a particular type between two atoms in a gaseous state. 
Page 4


1 | P a g e 
 
 
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN 
RAIPUR REGION 
STUDY MODULES 
CHEMISTRY 
CLASS-XI  2016-17 
 
                                                         NAME OF CHAPTERS 
1. CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
2. THERMODYNAMICS 
3. EQUILLIBRIUM 
4. REDOX REACTIONS 
5.  S- BLOCK ELEMENTS 
6. SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS 
7. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY & BASIC PRINCIPLES 
8. HYDROCARBONS 
COORDINATOR- SHRI K. SASEENDRAN, 
 ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER, KVS-RO RAIPUR 
 
               SUBJECT EXPERTS- 
                   MRS M. SHARDA RAO,PGT(CHEM.)  K.V. SECL JHAGRAKHAND 
               MR. SANTOSH CHAINI,PGT (CHEM), KV DONGARGARH 
 
2 | P a g e 
 
                                                         INDEX 
 
S.N NAME OF THE UNIT PAGE NO. 
 FROM--- TO--- 
1 CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
03--27 
2 THERMODYNAMICS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
28-34 
3 EQUILLIBRIUM 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
35-40 
4 REDOX REACTIONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
36-46 
5 S- BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
47-51 
6 SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
52-71 
7 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – 
SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
72-85 
8 HYDROCARBONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
86-101 
 
3 | P a g e 
 
CHAPTER-4 
 
       CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
 
OCTET RULE- During a chemical reaction the atoms tend to adjust their electronic 
arrangement in such a way that they achieve 8 e
-
 in their outermost electron. This is called 
octet rule. 
CHEMICAL BOND- the chemical force which keeps the atoms in any molecule 
together is called a chemical bond. 
IONIC BOND- The columbic force of attraction which holds the appositively charged ions 
together is called an ionic bond. An ionic bond is formed by the complete transfer of one or 
more electrons from the atom of a metal to an atom of non- metal. 
LATTICE ENTHALPY- The molar enthalpy change accompanying the complete separation of 
the constituent particles that compose of the solids (such as ions for ionic solid, molecules for 
molecular solids) under standard conditions is called lattice enthalpy (?
l
H
o
). The lattice enthalpy 
is a positive quantity. 
ELECTRO VALENCY: The number of electrons lost or gain by an atom of an element is 
called as electrovalency. 
The element which give up electrons to form positive ions are said to have positive valency, 
while the elements which accept electrons to form negative ions are said to have negative 
valency. 
FORMATION OF AN IONIC BOND: It is favoured by, (i) the low ionisation enthalpy of 
a metallic element which forms the cations, (ii) High electron gain enthalpy of non- metallic 
element which forms the anions, (iii) Large lattice enthalpy i.e; the smaller size and the 
higher charge of the atoms. 
COVALENCY:The number of electrons which an atom contributes towards mutual sharing 
during the formation of a chemical bond called its covalency in that compound. 
SINGLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of one pair of 
electrons is called a single covalent bond, or simply a single bond. A single covalent bond is 
represented by a small line (-) between the two atoms 
DOUBLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of two pair of 
electrons is called a double covalent bond, or simply a double bond. A double covalent bond is 
represented by two small horizontal lines (=) between the two atoms. E.g. O=O, O=C=O etc. 
TRIPLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of three pair of 
electrons is called a triple covalent bond, or simply a triple bond. A triple covalent bond is 
represented by three small horizontal lines (=) between the two atoms. E.g. N=N, H-C=C-H etc. 
FORMATION OF A COVALENT BOND: Formation of a covalent bond is favoured by 
(i) High ionisation enthalpy of the combining elements.  
(ii) Nearly equal electron gain enthalpy and equal electro-negativities of combining elements. 
(iii)  High nuclear charge and small atomic size of the combining elements.  
POLAR COVALENT BOND: The bond between two unlike atoms which differ in their 
affinities for electrons is said to be polar covalent bond. E.g. H-Cl 
COORDINATE BOND: The bond formed when one sided sharing of electrons take place is 
called a coordinate bond. Such a bond is also known as dative bond. It is represented by an 
arrow (?) pointing towards the acceptor atom. E.g. H
3N
?BF
3
 
Bond Length: Bond length is defined as the equilibrium distance between the nuclei of 
two bonded atoms in a molecule 
Bond Angle: It is defined as the angle between the orbitals containing bonding electron 
pairs around the central atom in a molecule/complex ion. 
Bond Enthalpy: It is defined as the amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds of 
a particular type between two atoms in a gaseous state. 
4 | P a g e 
 
DOUBLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing 
of two pair of electrons is called a double covalent bond, or simply a double bond. 
A double covalent bond is represented by two small horizontal lines (=) between 
the two atoms. E.g. O=O, O=C=O etc. 
 
TRIPLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing 
of three pair of electrons is called a triple covalent bond, or simply a triple bond. 
A triple covalent bond is represented by three small horizontal lines (=) between 
the two atoms. E.g. N=N, H-C=C-H etc. 
 
FORMATION OF A COVALENT BOND: Formation of a covalent bond 
is favoured by 
 
(i) High ionisation enthalpy of the combining elements.  
 
(ii) Nearly equal electron gain enthalpy and equal electro-negativities 
of combining elements.  
 
(iii) High nuclear charge and small atomic size of the combining elements.  
 
POLAR COVALENT BOND: The bond between two unlike atoms which 
differ in their affinities for electrons is said to be polar covalent bond. E.g. H-Cl 
 
COORDINATE BOND: The bond formed when one sided sharing of electrons take 
place is called a coordinate bond. Such a bond is also known as dative bond. It is 
represented by an arrow (?) pointing towards the acceptor atom. E.g. H
3N
?BF
3
 
 
Bond Length: Bond length is defined as the equilibrium distance between 
the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule 
 
Bond Angle: It is defined as the angle between the orbitals containing 
bonding electron pairs around the central atom in a molecule/complex ion 
 
Bond Enthalpy: It is defined as the amount of energy required to break one 
mole of bonds of a particular type between two atoms in a gaseous state. 
 
Bond Order: In the Lewis description of covalent bond, the Bond Order is given 
by the number of bonds between the two atoms in a molecule 
Resonance:whenever a single Lewis structure cannot describe a molecule 
accurately, a number of structures with similar energy, positions of nuclei, 
bonding and non-bonding pairs of electrons are taken as the canonical structures of 
the hybrid which describes the molecule accurately 
 
Dipole moment : The product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between 
the centres of positive and negative charge.It is a vector quantity and is represented by 
an arrow with its tail at the positive centre and head pointing towards a negative centre. 
Dipole moment ( µ) = charge (Q) × distance of separation (r) 
 
 
Page 5


1 | P a g e 
 
 
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN 
RAIPUR REGION 
STUDY MODULES 
CHEMISTRY 
CLASS-XI  2016-17 
 
                                                         NAME OF CHAPTERS 
1. CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
2. THERMODYNAMICS 
3. EQUILLIBRIUM 
4. REDOX REACTIONS 
5.  S- BLOCK ELEMENTS 
6. SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS 
7. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY & BASIC PRINCIPLES 
8. HYDROCARBONS 
COORDINATOR- SHRI K. SASEENDRAN, 
 ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER, KVS-RO RAIPUR 
 
               SUBJECT EXPERTS- 
                   MRS M. SHARDA RAO,PGT(CHEM.)  K.V. SECL JHAGRAKHAND 
               MR. SANTOSH CHAINI,PGT (CHEM), KV DONGARGARH 
 
2 | P a g e 
 
                                                         INDEX 
 
S.N NAME OF THE UNIT PAGE NO. 
 FROM--- TO--- 
1 CHEMICAL BONDING & MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
03--27 
2 THERMODYNAMICS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
28-34 
3 EQUILLIBRIUM 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
35-40 
4 REDOX REACTIONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
36-46 
5 S- BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
47-51 
6 SOME P-BLOCK ELEMENTS  
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
52-71 
7 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – 
SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
72-85 
8 HYDROCARBONS 
Basic concepts and Practice Question with Answers 
 
86-101 
 
3 | P a g e 
 
CHAPTER-4 
 
       CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE 
 
OCTET RULE- During a chemical reaction the atoms tend to adjust their electronic 
arrangement in such a way that they achieve 8 e
-
 in their outermost electron. This is called 
octet rule. 
CHEMICAL BOND- the chemical force which keeps the atoms in any molecule 
together is called a chemical bond. 
IONIC BOND- The columbic force of attraction which holds the appositively charged ions 
together is called an ionic bond. An ionic bond is formed by the complete transfer of one or 
more electrons from the atom of a metal to an atom of non- metal. 
LATTICE ENTHALPY- The molar enthalpy change accompanying the complete separation of 
the constituent particles that compose of the solids (such as ions for ionic solid, molecules for 
molecular solids) under standard conditions is called lattice enthalpy (?
l
H
o
). The lattice enthalpy 
is a positive quantity. 
ELECTRO VALENCY: The number of electrons lost or gain by an atom of an element is 
called as electrovalency. 
The element which give up electrons to form positive ions are said to have positive valency, 
while the elements which accept electrons to form negative ions are said to have negative 
valency. 
FORMATION OF AN IONIC BOND: It is favoured by, (i) the low ionisation enthalpy of 
a metallic element which forms the cations, (ii) High electron gain enthalpy of non- metallic 
element which forms the anions, (iii) Large lattice enthalpy i.e; the smaller size and the 
higher charge of the atoms. 
COVALENCY:The number of electrons which an atom contributes towards mutual sharing 
during the formation of a chemical bond called its covalency in that compound. 
SINGLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of one pair of 
electrons is called a single covalent bond, or simply a single bond. A single covalent bond is 
represented by a small line (-) between the two atoms 
DOUBLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of two pair of 
electrons is called a double covalent bond, or simply a double bond. A double covalent bond is 
represented by two small horizontal lines (=) between the two atoms. E.g. O=O, O=C=O etc. 
TRIPLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing of three pair of 
electrons is called a triple covalent bond, or simply a triple bond. A triple covalent bond is 
represented by three small horizontal lines (=) between the two atoms. E.g. N=N, H-C=C-H etc. 
FORMATION OF A COVALENT BOND: Formation of a covalent bond is favoured by 
(i) High ionisation enthalpy of the combining elements.  
(ii) Nearly equal electron gain enthalpy and equal electro-negativities of combining elements. 
(iii)  High nuclear charge and small atomic size of the combining elements.  
POLAR COVALENT BOND: The bond between two unlike atoms which differ in their 
affinities for electrons is said to be polar covalent bond. E.g. H-Cl 
COORDINATE BOND: The bond formed when one sided sharing of electrons take place is 
called a coordinate bond. Such a bond is also known as dative bond. It is represented by an 
arrow (?) pointing towards the acceptor atom. E.g. H
3N
?BF
3
 
Bond Length: Bond length is defined as the equilibrium distance between the nuclei of 
two bonded atoms in a molecule 
Bond Angle: It is defined as the angle between the orbitals containing bonding electron 
pairs around the central atom in a molecule/complex ion. 
Bond Enthalpy: It is defined as the amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds of 
a particular type between two atoms in a gaseous state. 
4 | P a g e 
 
DOUBLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing 
of two pair of electrons is called a double covalent bond, or simply a double bond. 
A double covalent bond is represented by two small horizontal lines (=) between 
the two atoms. E.g. O=O, O=C=O etc. 
 
TRIPLE COVALENT BOND: A covalent bond formed by the mutual sharing 
of three pair of electrons is called a triple covalent bond, or simply a triple bond. 
A triple covalent bond is represented by three small horizontal lines (=) between 
the two atoms. E.g. N=N, H-C=C-H etc. 
 
FORMATION OF A COVALENT BOND: Formation of a covalent bond 
is favoured by 
 
(i) High ionisation enthalpy of the combining elements.  
 
(ii) Nearly equal electron gain enthalpy and equal electro-negativities 
of combining elements.  
 
(iii) High nuclear charge and small atomic size of the combining elements.  
 
POLAR COVALENT BOND: The bond between two unlike atoms which 
differ in their affinities for electrons is said to be polar covalent bond. E.g. H-Cl 
 
COORDINATE BOND: The bond formed when one sided sharing of electrons take 
place is called a coordinate bond. Such a bond is also known as dative bond. It is 
represented by an arrow (?) pointing towards the acceptor atom. E.g. H
3N
?BF
3
 
 
Bond Length: Bond length is defined as the equilibrium distance between 
the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule 
 
Bond Angle: It is defined as the angle between the orbitals containing 
bonding electron pairs around the central atom in a molecule/complex ion 
 
Bond Enthalpy: It is defined as the amount of energy required to break one 
mole of bonds of a particular type between two atoms in a gaseous state. 
 
Bond Order: In the Lewis description of covalent bond, the Bond Order is given 
by the number of bonds between the two atoms in a molecule 
Resonance:whenever a single Lewis structure cannot describe a molecule 
accurately, a number of structures with similar energy, positions of nuclei, 
bonding and non-bonding pairs of electrons are taken as the canonical structures of 
the hybrid which describes the molecule accurately 
 
Dipole moment : The product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between 
the centres of positive and negative charge.It is a vector quantity and is represented by 
an arrow with its tail at the positive centre and head pointing towards a negative centre. 
Dipole moment ( µ) = charge (Q) × distance of separation (r) 
 
 
5 | P a g e 
 
SIGMA BOND: A covalent bond formed due to the overlapping of orbitals of 
the two atoms along the line joining the two nuclei (orbital axis) is called sigma 
(s) bond. For example, the bond formed due to s-s and s-p, p-p overlapping along 
the orbital axis are sigma bonds. 
 
Pi- BOND: A covalent bond formed by the side wise overlapping of p- or d-
orbitals of two atoms is called as pi (p) bond. For example, the bond formed due 
to the sideways overlapping of the two p- orbitals is a pi- bond. 
 
HYDROGEN BOND: The bond between the hydrogen atom of one molecule and 
a more electro- negative element of same or another molecule is called as 
hydrogen bond. 
 
HYBRIDIZATION: The process of mixing of the atomic orbitals to form new 
hybrid orbitals is called hybridization. All hybrid orbitals of a particular kind 
have equal energy, identical shapes and are symmetrically oriented in shape. 
 
The hybrid orbitals are designed according to the type and the atomic 
orbitals merging together, e.g., 
 
 
 
 
Molecu 
Electron   
 
  
Examples 
 
le Type 
Shape   arrangeme  Geometry 
 
 
nt
†
 
‡ 
 
 
AX
2
E
0
 
  Linear   
 BeCl
2
,  HgCl
2
,  CO
2
 
 
      
AX
2
E
1
 
  Bent   
 NO
2
-
,  SO
2
,  O
3
,  CCl
2
 
 
     
 
AX
2
E
2
  Bent    
 
     
 H
2
O,  OF
2
 
 
AX
2
E
3
   Linear    
 
     
 XeF
2
,  I
3
-
,  XeCl
2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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FAQs on XI Chemistry module - Class 11

1. What are the different modules in XI Chemistry?
Ans. In XI Chemistry, there are various modules such as the structure of atoms, chemical bonding, states of matter, thermodynamics, equilibrium, redox reactions, hydrogen, s-block elements, p-block elements, and organic chemistry.
2. How can I prepare for the XI Chemistry exam effectively?
Ans. To prepare for the XI Chemistry exam effectively, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the concepts. Regularly attend classes, take detailed notes, practice solving numerical problems, and revise regularly. Additionally, referring to textbooks, solving previous year question papers, and seeking help from teachers or tutors can also aid in effective exam preparation.
3. What are the important topics to focus on for the XI Chemistry exam?
Ans. While preparing for the XI Chemistry exam, it is important to focus on key topics such as chemical bonding, thermodynamics, equilibrium, redox reactions, and organic chemistry. These topics are fundamental and often carry significant weightage in the exam. Additionally, understanding the concepts of atomic structure, states of matter, and various elements is also crucial.
4. Are there any online resources available for XI Chemistry exam preparation?
Ans. Yes, there are several online resources available for XI Chemistry exam preparation. Websites like Khan Academy, BYJU'S, and TopperLearning offer free educational videos, practice questions, and study materials. Additionally, many online platforms provide mock tests and sample papers for students to assess their understanding and practice for the exam.
5. How can I improve my problem-solving skills for the XI Chemistry exam?
Ans. Improving problem-solving skills for the XI Chemistry exam requires consistent practice. Start by understanding the concepts thoroughly and then solve a variety of problems related to each topic. Focus on identifying patterns, formulas, and equations that are commonly used. Additionally, referring to solved examples, discussing problems with classmates or teachers, and seeking help for challenging questions can also aid in improving problem-solving skills.
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