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CPT Section C General Economics Chapter 8  
Unit 2 Commercial Banks. 
CA .Shweta Poojari 
Page 2


CPT Section C General Economics Chapter 8  
Unit 2 Commercial Banks. 
CA .Shweta Poojari 
Meaning of Commercial Banks Objectives of Nationalisation 
 
Role of Commercial Banks Nationalized Banks 
Functions of Commercial Banks 
 
Progress of  commercial Banks 
after Nationalisation (1969 to 
2012) 
 
Causes of Nationalisation of 
Commercial Banks 
Shortcomings of commercial 
banking in India: 
 
Page 3


CPT Section C General Economics Chapter 8  
Unit 2 Commercial Banks. 
CA .Shweta Poojari 
Meaning of Commercial Banks Objectives of Nationalisation 
 
Role of Commercial Banks Nationalized Banks 
Functions of Commercial Banks 
 
Progress of  commercial Banks 
after Nationalisation (1969 to 
2012) 
 
Causes of Nationalisation of 
Commercial Banks 
Shortcomings of commercial 
banking in India: 
 
A commercial bank is an institution that operates for profits. 
It accepts deposits from general public and grants loans to 
the household, firms and the government. 
Though borrowing and lending constitute the main business 
of banks, commercial banks perform a variety of functions. 
Examples of commercial banks are Punjab National Bank 
and State Bank of India. 
Page 4


CPT Section C General Economics Chapter 8  
Unit 2 Commercial Banks. 
CA .Shweta Poojari 
Meaning of Commercial Banks Objectives of Nationalisation 
 
Role of Commercial Banks Nationalized Banks 
Functions of Commercial Banks 
 
Progress of  commercial Banks 
after Nationalisation (1969 to 
2012) 
 
Causes of Nationalisation of 
Commercial Banks 
Shortcomings of commercial 
banking in India: 
 
A commercial bank is an institution that operates for profits. 
It accepts deposits from general public and grants loans to 
the household, firms and the government. 
Though borrowing and lending constitute the main business 
of banks, commercial banks perform a variety of functions. 
Examples of commercial banks are Punjab National Bank 
and State Bank of India. 
Encourage saving and capital formation 
Mobilization of Savings 
Optimum utilization of savings 
Increase the rate of investment and credit creation  
Page 5


CPT Section C General Economics Chapter 8  
Unit 2 Commercial Banks. 
CA .Shweta Poojari 
Meaning of Commercial Banks Objectives of Nationalisation 
 
Role of Commercial Banks Nationalized Banks 
Functions of Commercial Banks 
 
Progress of  commercial Banks 
after Nationalisation (1969 to 
2012) 
 
Causes of Nationalisation of 
Commercial Banks 
Shortcomings of commercial 
banking in India: 
 
A commercial bank is an institution that operates for profits. 
It accepts deposits from general public and grants loans to 
the household, firms and the government. 
Though borrowing and lending constitute the main business 
of banks, commercial banks perform a variety of functions. 
Examples of commercial banks are Punjab National Bank 
and State Bank of India. 
Encourage saving and capital formation 
Mobilization of Savings 
Optimum utilization of savings 
Increase the rate of investment and credit creation  
More savings with the banks would make more money 
available in the market for productive purposes, hence 
more capital formation. 
 
i.e.,The economic development depends upon the rate 
of savings. Banks offer facilities for keeping savings 
and thus encourage the habit of saving in the society. 
 
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FAQs on PPT : Commercial Banks - Economics Class 12 - Commerce

1. What are commercial banks?
Ans. Commercial banks are financial institutions that provide various banking services to individuals, businesses, and governments. These services include accepting deposits, granting loans, facilitating payments, and offering investment and advisory services.
2. How do commercial banks make money?
Ans. Commercial banks make money primarily through interest income earned from loans and investments. They charge higher interest rates on loans than the interest they pay on deposits, generating a profit margin known as the net interest margin. Additionally, banks may earn fees from services such as account maintenance, credit card processing, and investment advisory services.
3. What is the role of commercial banks in the economy?
Ans. Commercial banks play a crucial role in the economy by mobilizing savings and channeling them towards productive activities. They provide funds to individuals and businesses for consumption, investment, and other financial needs. Commercial banks also facilitate economic growth by promoting financial intermediation, fostering entrepreneurship, and supporting the development of various sectors through loans and financial services.
4. Are deposits in commercial banks safe?
Ans. Deposits in commercial banks are generally considered safe due to various safeguards in place. Most countries have deposit insurance schemes that protect depositors' funds up to a certain limit in case of bank failures. Additionally, regulatory authorities monitor and enforce prudential regulations to ensure the stability and soundness of commercial banks. However, it is important to note that depositors should be aware of the specific regulations and coverage limits in their respective countries.
5. How do commercial banks contribute to financial inclusion?
Ans. Commercial banks contribute to financial inclusion by providing access to basic banking services to individuals and businesses, especially those who have been traditionally excluded from the formal financial system. They offer services such as basic savings and checking accounts, affordable credit options, and payment systems, enabling people to save, borrow, and transact securely. Through initiatives like branch expansion, mobile banking, and digital platforms, commercial banks are making banking services more accessible to underserved populations.
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