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FAQs on Irodov Solutions: liquids, Capillary Effects (2.5) - Physics for Grade 12

1. What is the capillary effect?
Ans. The capillary effect refers to the phenomenon where liquids rise or fall in narrow tubes or capillaries due to the combination of adhesive and cohesive forces. This effect occurs because the adhesive forces between the liquid and the capillary wall are stronger than the cohesive forces within the liquid itself.
2. How does the capillary effect vary with the diameter of the capillary tube?
Ans. The capillary effect is inversely proportional to the diameter of the capillary tube. This means that as the diameter of the tube decreases, the height to which the liquid rises increases. Conversely, if the diameter increases, the liquid will rise to a lower height.
3. What factors affect the capillary rise in a tube?
Ans. The capillary rise in a tube is influenced by several factors, including the surface tension of the liquid, the density of the liquid, the diameter of the capillary tube, and the angle of contact between the liquid and the tube's inner surface. Additionally, the presence of impurities or surfactants can also affect the capillary rise.
4. Can the capillary effect be observed in liquids other than water?
Ans. Yes, the capillary effect can be observed in liquids other than water. The capillary rise depends on the properties of the liquid, such as its surface tension and density. Different liquids will exhibit different capillary rise heights in the same capillary tube due to variations in their properties.
5. How can the capillary effect be utilized in practical applications?
Ans. The capillary effect has various practical applications. It is used in capillary action in plants, where water is transported from the roots to the leaves. Capillary tubes are also used in medical devices, such as blood glucose testing strips and microfluidic devices. Additionally, capillary action is important in ink pens, wicking fabrics, and the rise of oil in lamp wicks.
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