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FAQs on Irodov Solutions: Motion of Charged Particles in Electric and Magnetic Fields (3.7) - Physics Class 12

1. What is the motion of a charged particle in an electric field?
Ans. In an electric field, a charged particle experiences an electrostatic force. The direction of this force depends on the charge of the particle. A positive charged particle moves in the direction of the electric field, while a negative charged particle moves in the opposite direction. The motion of the particle can be linear or curved, depending on the strength and direction of the electric field.
2. How does a charged particle move in a magnetic field?
Ans. In a magnetic field, a charged particle experiences a magnetic force. This force is perpendicular to both the velocity of the particle and the magnetic field. The magnitude of the force is given by the equation F = qvBsinθ, where q is the charge of the particle, v is its velocity, B is the magnetic field strength, and θ is the angle between the velocity and the magnetic field. As a result of this force, the charged particle moves in a curved path called a helix.
3. What is the relationship between the electric and magnetic fields for a charged particle in motion?
Ans. The motion of a charged particle in an electric or magnetic field is influenced by both fields simultaneously. The electric field affects the particle's motion by exerting an electrostatic force, while the magnetic field affects the motion by exerting a magnetic force. The combined effect of these two forces determines the path of the charged particle.
4. How can the motion of a charged particle in electric and magnetic fields be described mathematically?
Ans. The motion of a charged particle in electric and magnetic fields can be described using the Lorentz force equation: F = q(E + v × B), where F is the total force acting on the particle, q is the charge of the particle, E is the electric field, v is the velocity of the particle, and B is the magnetic field. This equation takes into account the effects of both the electric and magnetic fields on the particle's motion.
5. What are some applications of the motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields?
Ans. The motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields has various applications. For example, it is used in particle accelerators, where charged particles are accelerated to high speeds using electric and magnetic fields. It is also used in mass spectrometry to separate and analyze ions based on their mass-to-charge ratios. Additionally, the motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields is important in various areas of physics, such as plasma physics and astrophysics.
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