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FAQs on Question Bank: Carboxylic Acids - Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced

1. What is a carboxylic acid?
Ans. A carboxylic acid is an organic compound that contains a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to a carbon atom. It is characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (OH) on the same carbon atom. Carboxylic acids are commonly found in nature and are essential for various biological processes.
2. How are carboxylic acids named?
Ans. Carboxylic acids are typically named by replacing the final -e of the corresponding alkane name with -oic acid. The carbon atom of the carboxyl group is considered as the first carbon in the chain. For example, methanoic acid is the IUPAC name for formic acid, and ethanoic acid is the IUPAC name for acetic acid.
3. What are the common uses of carboxylic acids?
Ans. Carboxylic acids have a wide range of applications. Some common uses include: - Acetic acid is used as a food preservative, flavoring agent, and solvent. - Citric acid is used in food and beverage industries as a flavoring agent, preservative, and pH regulator. - Benzoic acid is used as a food preservative and in the production of various chemicals. - Salicylic acid is used in skincare products for its exfoliating and anti-inflammatory properties.
4. How do carboxylic acids react with bases?
Ans. Carboxylic acids react with bases to form carboxylate salts. The carboxyl group (-COOH) donates a proton (H+) to the base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water. This reaction is known as neutralization. For example, acetic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium acetate and water.
5. Are carboxylic acids acidic or basic?
Ans. Carboxylic acids are acidic in nature. They are capable of donating a proton (H+) to a base, making them weak acids. The carboxyl group (-COOH) is responsible for the acidic properties of carboxylic acids. The acidity of carboxylic acids increases with the electron-withdrawing nature of the substituents attached to the carboxyl group.
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