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FAQs on NCERT Textbook - Secularism, Political Theory, Class 11 - UPSC

1. What is secularism?
Ans. Secularism refers to the principle of separating religion and state, where the state remains neutral in matters of religion and treats all religions equally. It promotes the idea of religious freedom, tolerance, and equality among citizens, irrespective of their religious beliefs.
2. How does secularism contribute to a democratic society?
Ans. Secularism plays a crucial role in a democratic society by ensuring religious freedom and equality. It prevents the dominance of any particular religion in the state affairs, allowing individuals of diverse religious backgrounds to participate in public life without discrimination. By maintaining a neutral stance, secularism fosters inclusivity, pluralism, and social harmony.
3. What are the challenges faced in implementing secularism in a diverse country like India?
Ans. Implementing secularism in a diverse country like India poses various challenges. One challenge is the propensity for religious conflicts and tensions due to historical divisions based on religion. Another challenge is the need for a balance between protecting religious freedom and preventing the misuse of religion for political purposes. Additionally, ensuring equal treatment and representation of all religions in the government and public institutions is also challenging.
4. Is secularism against the practice of religion?
Ans. No, secularism is not against the practice of religion. It simply advocates for the separation of religion and state. Individuals are free to practice their religion as per their personal beliefs, as long as it does not interfere with the functioning of the state or infringe upon the rights of others. Secularism aims to ensure that the state remains impartial and treats all religions equally.
5. How does secularism contribute to maintaining social harmony?
Ans. Secularism contributes to maintaining social harmony by promoting religious tolerance and inclusivity. It prevents the dominance of any particular religion, thereby reducing the chances of religious conflicts. By treating all religions equally, secularism encourages individuals to coexist peacefully and respect each other's beliefs. This fosters a sense of unity and harmony in the society, where individuals from diverse religious backgrounds can live together without discrimination.
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