**Mohr Circle for Different Cohesive and Cohesionless Soil**

**Introduction:**
Mohr Circle is a graphical representation of stress states in soil mechanics. It is used to understand and analyze the shear strength of soils under different conditions. The circle provides a visual representation of stress components and can be used to determine the strength parameters of soil, such as cohesion and angle of internal friction.

**Cohesive Soil:**
Cohesive soil, such as clay, contains fine particles that have cohesive forces between them. These soils exhibit plastic behavior and can retain their shape when molded. The shear strength of cohesive soil is influenced by the cohesive forces between particles.

**Mohr Circle for Cohesive Soil:**
1. Center of the Circle: The center of the Mohr Circle for cohesive soil lies on the horizontal axis. It represents the normal stress (σ) component acting on the soil.
2. Diameter of the Circle: The diameter of the circle represents the shear stress (τ) component acting on the soil.
3. Tangent Line: The tangent line drawn from the center of the circle to its circumference represents the angle of internal friction (φ) of the soil.
4. Cohesion Intercept: The tangent line intersects the vertical axis at a point, which represents the cohesion (c) of the soil.
5. Radius of the Circle: The radius of the circle represents the maximum shear stress that the soil can withstand, known as the peak shear strength.

**Cohesionless Soil:**
Cohesionless soil, such as sand, does not have cohesive forces between particles. These soils exhibit granular behavior and are unable to retain their shape when molded. The shear strength of cohesionless soil is influenced by the frictional resistance between particles.

**Mohr Circle for Cohesionless Soil:**
1. Center of the Circle: The center of the Mohr Circle for cohesionless soil lies on the horizontal axis. It represents the normal stress (σ) component acting on the soil.
2. Diameter of the Circle: The diameter of the circle represents the shear stress (τ) component acting on the soil.
3. Tangent Line: The tangent line drawn from the center of the circle to its circumference represents the angle of internal friction (φ) of the soil.
4. No Cohesion Intercept: Unlike cohesive soil, the tangent line does not intersect the vertical axis. This indicates that cohesionless soil does not possess cohesion.
5. Radius of the Circle: The radius of the circle represents the maximum shear stress that the soil can withstand, known as the critical shear strength.

In conclusion, the Mohr Circle is a useful tool to analyze the shear strength of soils. It provides a graphical representation of stress states and helps determine the strength parameters of cohesive and cohesionless soils. Understanding the Mohr Circle can aid in designing and analyzing geotechnical structures and ensuring their stability.

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