Soils that are deposited by flowing water or surface runoff while entering a lake are called lacustrine deposits. Atlernate layers are formed in different seasons depending on flow rate. If the deposits are made by rivers in sea water, they are called marine deposits.

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Answer:

Lacustrine soils are those which are deposited at the bottom of lakes. These soils are formed through the process of sedimentation, where particles carried by water settle down and accumulate over time. This process occurs in lakes due to the calm and relatively still water conditions, allowing the sediments to settle down.

Here is a detailed explanation of why lacustrine soils are deposited at the bottom of lakes:

1. Formation process:
- Lakes are formed through various geological processes such as tectonic activity, glacial activity, volcanic activity, or even human-made activities like damming.
- Once the lake is formed, it acts as a basin that collects sediments from its surroundings.
- Sediments can be derived from adjacent land areas, rivers, streams, or through atmospheric deposition.
- These sediments are transported by water and eventually settle down at the bottom of the lake.

2. Characteristics of lacustrine soils:
- Lacustrine soils have distinct characteristics due to their formation process.
- They are usually fine-grained, composed of silt, clay, and organic matter.
- These soils are often rich in nutrients and organic content, making them fertile for agricultural purposes.
- They may also contain minerals and elements that were present in the surrounding land areas.

3. Importance of lacustrine soils:
- Lacustrine soils play a crucial role in the ecosystem of lakes.
- They provide habitat and nutrients for aquatic organisms like algae, plants, and invertebrates.
- These soils also act as a sink for nutrients, preventing their excessive accumulation in the water column.
- Lacustrine soils also have economic importance, as they can be used for agriculture, construction, or as a source of minerals.

In conclusion, lacustrine soils are deposited at the bottom of lakes through the process of sedimentation. These soils have distinct characteristics and play a vital role in the ecosystem of lakes. Understanding the formation and characteristics of lacustrine soils is crucial for various fields such as geology, ecology, and agriculture.