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The figure shows P-V plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA.The part ABC is a semi circle and CDA is half of an ellipse then, a) the process during the path A->B is isothermal b) heat flows out of the gas during the path B->C->D c) work done during the path A->B->C is zero d) positive work is done by the gas in the cycle ABCDA?
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The figure shows P-V plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA....
Explanation of the given figure:

  • The figure shows a P-V plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA.

  • The path ABC is a semi-circle and CDA is half of an ellipse.



Answering the given questions:

  • a) The process during the path A->B is isothermal:

    • The process during the path A->B is isothermal because the path is a semi-circle and the temperature remains constant during the process. As per the first law of thermodynamics, the change in internal energy of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the amount of heat supplied or removed from it, while keeping the volume constant. As the volume is changing, but the temperature is constant, there is no change in internal energy, and hence the process is isothermal.


  • b) Heat flows out of the gas during the path B->C->D:

    • The path B->C->D is in the clockwise direction, and the area enclosed by this path is negative. By the second law of thermodynamics, the area enclosed in the clockwise direction represents the heat flow out of the gas. Thus, heat flows out of the gas during the path B->C->D.


  • c) Work done during the path A->B->C is zero:

    • The path A->B->C is a closed path, and the area enclosed by this path is zero. As per the first law of thermodynamics, the net work done by or on an ideal gas in a closed path is zero. Thus, the work done during the path A->B->C is zero.


  • d) Positive work is done by the gas in the cycle ABCDA:

    • From the figure, it is clear that the area enclosed by the cycle ABCDA is positive. As per the second law of thermodynamics, the area enclosed in the counterclockwise direction represents the net work done by the gas in the cycle. Thus, positive work is done by the gas in the cycle ABCDA.

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Vernier calipers:Vernier calipers are used to measure the thickness of thin plates, diameters of small cylinders etc. It has two scales–one main scale and a Vernier scale, which slides along the main scale. The main scale and Vernier scale are divided into small divisions though of different magnitudes. The difference in the magnitude of one main scale division (M.S.D.) and one vernier scale division (V.S.D.) is called the least count of the instrument, as it is the smallest distance that can be measured using the instrument. It is also known as vernier constant. Least count may also be defined as:When the jaws of vernier calipers touch each other, the zero of the Vernier should coincide with the zero of the main scale. If it is not so, then the instrument is said to have zero error. Zero error may be positive or negative, depending upon whether the zero of the vernier scale lies to the right or to the left of the zero of the main scale.Which figure shows positive zero error and which one shows positive zero error?

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The figure shows P-V plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA.The part ABC is a semi circle and CDA is half of an ellipse then, a) the process during the path A->B is isothermal b) heat flows out of the gas during the path B->C->D c) work done during the path A->B->C is zero d) positive work is done by the gas in the cycle ABCDA?
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The figure shows P-V plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA.The part ABC is a semi circle and CDA is half of an ellipse then, a) the process during the path A->B is isothermal b) heat flows out of the gas during the path B->C->D c) work done during the path A->B->C is zero d) positive work is done by the gas in the cycle ABCDA? for Class 11 2024 is part of Class 11 preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Class 11 exam syllabus. Information about The figure shows P-V plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA.The part ABC is a semi circle and CDA is half of an ellipse then, a) the process during the path A->B is isothermal b) heat flows out of the gas during the path B->C->D c) work done during the path A->B->C is zero d) positive work is done by the gas in the cycle ABCDA? covers all topics & solutions for Class 11 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The figure shows P-V plot of an ideal gas taken through a cycle ABCDA.The part ABC is a semi circle and CDA is half of an ellipse then, a) the process during the path A->B is isothermal b) heat flows out of the gas during the path B->C->D c) work done during the path A->B->C is zero d) positive work is done by the gas in the cycle ABCDA?.
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