Introduction:
An artificial satellite moving in a circular orbit around the Earth possesses both kinetic energy and potential energy. The total energy of the satellite, denoted as E0, is the sum of these two energies. In this explanation, we will delve into the details of the kinetic energy of the satellite and how it relates to its total energy.

Kinetic energy of the satellite:
The kinetic energy of an object is defined as the energy it possesses due to its motion. In the case of an artificial satellite, it is constantly moving in its circular orbit around the Earth. This motion gives rise to its kinetic energy.

Formula for kinetic energy:
The kinetic energy (KE) of an object can be calculated using the formula:
KE = (1/2) * m * v^2
Where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity.

Deriving the kinetic energy:
To understand the kinetic energy of the satellite in a circular orbit, we need to consider the centripetal force acting on it. The centripetal force is provided by the gravitational force between the Earth and the satellite, given by:
F = G * (m * M) / r^2
Where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the Earth, m is the mass of the satellite, and r is the radius of the orbit.

Equating gravitational force and centripetal force:
In a circular orbit, the gravitational force provides the necessary centripetal force to keep the satellite moving. Equating the gravitational force and the centripetal force, we have:
G * (m * M) / r^2 = m * v^2 / r
Simplifying the equation, we get:
v^2 = G * M / r

Substituting into the kinetic energy formula:
Substituting the value of v^2 into the kinetic energy formula, we have:
KE = (1/2) * m * (G * M / r)
Simplifying further, we get:
KE = (1/2) * (G * M * m) / r

Relation to the total energy:
As mentioned earlier, the total energy (E0) of the satellite is the sum of its kinetic energy and potential energy. Therefore, the kinetic energy is a component of the total energy. The specific value of the kinetic energy depends on the mass of the satellite, the radius of the orbit, the mass of the Earth, and the gravitational constant.

In conclusion, the kinetic energy of an artificial satellite moving in a circular orbit around the Earth can be determined using the formula derived from equating gravitational and centripetal forces. This kinetic energy is a part of the total energy of the satellite, which includes both kinetic and potential energy components.