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Limitations of Ohm’s Law
Ohm’s law is a fundamental law in electrical engineering and is used to calculate the current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit. However, there are certain conditions under which Ohm’s law may not be valid. These are called the limitations of Ohm’s law. Some of the limitations are:
Non-Linear Devices
Ohm’s law assumes that the resistance of the conductor is constant and does not change with the current passing through it. However, in the case of non-linear devices, such as diodes and transistors, the resistance changes with the current passing through it. Hence, Ohm’s law is not applicable in such cases.
Temperature Variation
The resistance of a conductor changes with temperature. According to Ohm’s law, the voltage and current are directly proportional to each other, and the resistance is constant. However, when the temperature of the conductor changes, the resistance also changes, and Ohm’s law is not applicable.
Frequency Dependency
Ohm’s law is based on the assumption that the frequency of the current is constant. However, in the case of AC circuits, the frequency of the current changes continuously. Hence, the resistance of the circuit may not remain constant, and Ohm’s law may not be applicable.
Size of the Conductor
Ohm’s law assumes that the conductor is thin and has a uniform cross-section. However, in the case of thick conductors, the resistance may not be constant throughout the conductor, and Ohm’s law may not be applicable.
Conclusion
Ohm’s law is a fundamental law in electrical engineering, and it is used in various applications. However, there are certain conditions under which Ohm’s law may not be valid. Hence, it is important to understand the limitations of Ohm’s law to apply it correctly in various applications.