Which of the following statement is true about evaporation?a)Evaporati...
Evaporation: Evaporation is the process of vaporizing the solvent to obtain the solute. Evaporation is used to separate a mixture containing a non-volatile, soluble solid from its volatile, liquid solvent.
For example :- We can separate salt from a solution by evaporating the water from the solution.
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Which of the following statement is true about evaporation?a)Evaporati...
Evaporation is used to separate volatile component (solvent) from its non-volatile component (solute).
Explanation:
Evaporation is a process by which a liquid substance changes into a gaseous state. It occurs at the surface of a liquid when the temperature is increased or when the pressure is reduced. Evaporation is commonly used to separate a volatile component (solvent) from its non-volatile component (solute) in a mixture.
Separation of volatile component (solvent) from its non-volatile component (solute):
When a mixture contains a volatile solvent and a non-volatile solute, evaporation can be used to separate the two components. The mixture is heated, causing the solvent to evaporate and form a vapor, while the non-volatile solute remains behind. The vapor can then be condensed and collected, leaving the non-volatile solute behind.
For example, consider a mixture of saltwater. Salt (solute) is a non-volatile substance, while water (solvent) is a volatile substance. When the saltwater mixture is heated, the water evaporates and forms steam, leaving the salt behind. The steam can be condensed and collected as pure water, effectively separating the solvent (water) from the solute (salt).
Applications of evaporation:
Evaporation is widely used in various industries and everyday processes for separation, purification, and concentration purposes. Some common applications include:
- Separation of salt and water in desalination plants: Evaporation is used to separate salt from seawater, producing freshwater for consumption.
- Separation of volatile solvents from solutions: Evaporation is used to remove solvents from solutions, leaving behind the desired substances.
- Concentration of liquid solutions: Evaporation is used to concentrate liquid solutions by evaporating the solvent, resulting in a higher concentration of the solute.
- Purification of substances: Evaporation can be used to purify substances by evaporating impurities or separating different components based on their volatility.
In conclusion, evaporation is a useful process for separating a volatile component (solvent) from its non-volatile component (solute) in a mixture. It finds applications in various industries and processes for separation, purification, and concentration purposes.
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