Calculation of Molarity:

To calculate the molarity of a solution, we need to know the amount of solute (in moles) and the volume of the solution (in liters). In this case, we are given the mass of the solute (sodium chloride) and the volume of the solution (250 mL).

Step 1: Convert Volume to Liters
First, we need to convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters since the unit of molarity is moles per liter. We can use the conversion factor 1 L = 1000 mL.

250 mL = 250/1000 L = 0.25 L

Step 2: Calculate the Number of Moles of Solute
Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride in the solution. To do this, we use the formula:

moles = mass / molar mass

The molar mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) is 58.44 g/mol.

Given that the mass of sodium chloride is 5 g, we can calculate the number of moles:

moles = 5 g / 58.44 g/mol ≈ 0.0856 mol

Step 3: Calculate Molarity
Now that we have the number of moles of sodium chloride (0.0856 mol) and the volume of the solution (0.25 L), we can calculate the molarity using the formula:

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution

M = 0.0856 mol / 0.25 L = 0.3424 M

Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 0.3424 M.

Summary:
- Given the mass of sodium chloride (5 g) and the volume of the solution (250 mL), we can calculate the molarity of the solution.
- First, we convert the volume from milliliters to liters (0.25 L).
- Next, we calculate the number of moles of sodium chloride using the formula moles = mass / molar mass.
- Then, we calculate the molarity by dividing the number of moles by the volume of the solution.
- The molarity of the solution is 0.3424 M.