Requirement of Nocturnal Animals like Owl and Bat

Nocturnal animals like owl and bat have adapted to their lifestyle of being active during the night. They have certain requirements that enable them to see in low light conditions and hunt for prey. The requirements are:

Large Cornea
- The cornea is the transparent layer that covers the front of the eye.
- Nocturnal animals need a large cornea to capture as much light as possible.
- A larger cornea means that more light enters the eye, which helps in low light conditions.
- Owls have a large cornea that covers almost the entire eye, which helps them to see in the dark.

Large Pupil
- The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
- Nocturnal animals need a large pupil to allow more light to enter the eye.
- A larger pupil means that more light enters the eye, which helps in low light conditions.
- Bats have a large pupil that can dilate to let in more light, which helps them to see in the dark.

Retina with Large Number of Rods
- The retina is the layer at the back of the eye that contains cells called rods and cones.
- Rods are responsible for detecting light in low light conditions, while cones are responsible for detecting color.
- Nocturnal animals need a retina with a large number of rods to help them see in the dark.
- Owls have a large number of rods in their retina, which helps them to see in low light conditions.

Conclusion
In summary, the requirements of nocturnal animals like owl and bat include a large cornea, large pupil, and retina with a large number of rods. These adaptations enable them to see in low light conditions and hunt for prey at night.

The correct answer is 'D' as they need large cornea and a large pupil to allow more light to enter in their eye and they need more rods on their retina as rods are sensitive to dim light.
Nocturnal birds need all these to see in dim light or at night.