The environment consists of both biotic and abiotic factors. Biotic factors refer to all living organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, while abiotic factors refer to non-living components such as air, water, sunlight, soil, temperature, and physical factors like rocks and mountains.

Biotic Environment:
- Plants: Plants are an essential part of the biotic environment. They provide oxygen, food, and habitats for various organisms. They are the primary producers in the food chain, converting sunlight into energy through photosynthesis.
- Animals: Animals play a crucial role in the environment. They are consumers and help in pollination, seed dispersal, and decomposition. They also maintain the balance in the ecosystem through predation and competition.
- Microorganisms: Microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protists. They are present in every ecosystem and perform vital functions like decomposing dead organisms, recycling nutrients, and fixing nitrogen.

Abiotic Environment:
- Air: Air is a mixture of gases like oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and others. It is essential for respiration and photosynthesis in plants and animals.
- Water: Water is essential for life. It provides habitats, acts as a solvent, regulates temperature, and is necessary for various metabolic processes in organisms.
- Sunlight: Sunlight is the primary source of energy for all living organisms. It is crucial for photosynthesis in plants and drives various ecological processes.
- Soil: Soil is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. It provides nutrients and acts as a medium for plant growth and anchorage.
- Temperature: Temperature affects the growth and survival of organisms. Different organisms have specific temperature ranges in which they thrive.
- Physical Factors: Physical factors like rocks, mountains, and landforms influence the distribution and behavior of organisms. They provide habitats and affect the flow of water and air.

Conclusion:
The environment is a complex system where both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors interact and influence each other. The presence and interaction of biotic and abiotic components create a balanced and sustainable ecosystem. Understanding the various components of the environment is crucial for studying and conserving our natural resources.