The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Explore Courses UPSC Exam UPSC Test Series Free Notes EduRev Infinity

Open App

Class 12 Exam > Class 12 Questions > The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene ...

Join the Discussion on the App

The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]

a)
nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positions
b)
nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ring
c)
n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta position
d)
nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ring

Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

FREE This question is part of

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Haloalkanes & Haloarenes

Attempt Test

Attempt this Test

Verified Answer

The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires d...

—NO₂group is electron attractive group, so it is able to deactivate the benzene ring.

hence withdrawl of electrons from ortho & para position cause easy removal of –Cl atom due to development of +ve charge on o- and p positions.

View all questions of this test

Most Upvoted Answer

The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires d...

Explanation:

The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions like high temperature and pressure. However, the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced under milder conditions. This is because of the following reasons:

- Nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/para positions of the aromatic ring: Nitro groups (-NO2) are electron-withdrawing groups due to their strong electronegativity. They pull electron density away from the benzene ring, making it less electron-rich. This effect is most pronounced at the ortho and para positions of the ring, where the nitro group is closest to the ring. As a result, these positions become less nucleophilic and more electrophilic. This facilitates the substitution of the chlorine atom in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene by a nucleophile, such as hydroxide ion (OH^-), to give 2,4-dinitrophenol.
- Nitro groups do not donate electrons at the meta position: In contrast to the ortho and para positions, the meta position of the benzene ring is not affected by the nitro group. This is because the nitro group is far away from this position and cannot exert its electron-withdrawing effect. Therefore, the meta position remains electron-rich and less electrophilic. This makes it more difficult to substitute the chlorine atom in chlorobenzene by a nucleophile like hydroxide ion.

Hence, option D is the correct answer.

View all answers Start learning for free

< Previous Question Next Question >

Explore Courses for Class 12 exam

Similar Class 12 Doubts

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:Band theory of solid:Consider that the Si or Ge crystal contains N atoms. Electrons of each atom will have discrete energies in different orbits. The electron energy will be same if all the atoms are isolated, i.e., separated from each other by a large distance. However, in a crystal, the atoms are close to each other (2 Å to 3 Å) and therefore the electrons interact with each other and also with the neighbouring atomic cores. The overlap (or interaction) will be more felt by the electrons in the outermost orbit while the inner orbit or core electron energies may remain unaffected. Therefore, for understanding electron energies in Si or Ge crystal, we need to consider the changes in the energies of the electrons in the outermost orbit only. For Si, the outermost orbit is the third orbit (n = 3), while for Ge it is the fourth orbit (n = 4). The number of electrons in the outermost orbit is 4 (2s and 2p electrons). Hence, the total number of outer electrons in the crystal is 4N. The maximum possible number of outer electrons in the orbit is 8 (2s + 6p electrons). So, out of the 4N electrons, 2N electrons are in the 2N s-states (orbital quantum number l = 0) and 2N electrons are in the available 6N p-states. Obviously, some p-electron states are empty. This is the case of well separated or isolated atoms.Q. The maximum possible electrons in an orbit is

View answer

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:Band theory of solid:Consider that the Si or Ge crystal contains N atoms. Electrons of each atom will have discrete energies in different orbits. The electron energy will be same if all the atoms are isolated, i.e., separated from each other by a large distance. However, in a crystal, the atoms are close to each other (2 Å to 3 Å) and therefore the electrons interact with each other and also with the neighbouring atomic cores. The overlap (or interaction) will be more felt by the electrons in the outermost orbit while the inner orbit or core electron energies may remain unaffected. Therefore, for understanding electron energies in Si or Ge crystal, we need to consider the changes in the energies of the electrons in the outermost orbit only. For Si, the outermost orbit is the third orbit (n = 3), while for Ge it is the fourth orbit (n = 4). The number of electrons in the outermost orbit is 4 (2s and 2p electrons). Hence, the total number of outer electrons in the crystal is 4N. The maximum possible number of outer electrons in the orbit is 8 (2s + 6p electrons). So, out of the 4N electrons, 2N electrons are in the 2N s-states (orbital quantum number l = 0) and 2N electrons are in the available 6N p-states. Obviously, some p-electron states are empty. This is the case of well separated or isolated atoms.Q. The overlap (or interaction) will be more felt by the electrons when they are

View answer

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:Electron Microscope Electron microscopes use electrons to illuminate a sample. In Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), electrons pass through the sample and illuminate film or a digital camera.Resolution in microscopy is limited to about half of the wavelength of the illumination source used to image the sample. Using visible light the best resolution that can be achieved by microscopes is about ~200 nm. Louis de Broglie showed that every particle or matter propagates like a wave. The wavelength of propagating electrons at a given accelerating voltage can be determined byThus, the wavelength of electrons is calculated to be 3.88 pm when the microscope is operated at 100 keV, 2. 74 pm at 200 keV and 2.24 pm at 300 keV. However, because the velocities of electrons in an electron microscope reach about 70% the speed of light with an accelerating voltage of 200 keV, there are relativistic effects on these electrons. Due to this effect, the wavelength at 100 keV, 200 keV and 300 keV in electron microscopes is 3.70 pm, 2.51 pm and 1.96 pm, respectively.Anyhow, the wavelength of electrons is much smaller than that of photons (2.5 pm at 200 keV). Thus if electron wave is used to illuminate the sample, the resolution of an electron microscope theoretically becomes unlimited. Practically, the resolution is limited to ~0.1 nm due to the objective lens system in electron microscopes. Thus, electron microscopy can resolve subcellular structures that could not be visualized using standard fluorescences microscopy.Q. As the accelerating voltage increases, the wavelength of electron as wave

View answer

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:Electron Microscope Electron microscopes use electrons to illuminate a sample. In Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), electrons pass through the sample and illuminate film or a digital camera.Resolution in microscopy is limited to about half of the wavelength of the illumination source used to image the sample. Using visible light the best resolution that can be achieved by microscopes is about ~200 nm. Louis de Broglie showed that every particle or matter propagates like a wave. The wavelength of propagating electrons at a given accelerating voltage can be determined byThus, the wavelength of electrons is calculated to be 3.88 pm when the microscope is operated at 100 keV, 2. 74 pm at 200 keV and 2.24 pm at 300 keV. However, because the velocities of electrons in an electron microscope reach about 70% the speed of light with an accelerating voltage of 200 keV, there are relativistic effects on these electrons. Due to this effect, the wavelength at 100 keV, 200 keV and 300 keV in electron microscopes is 3.70 pm, 2.51 pm and 1.96 pm, respectively.Anyhow, the wavelength of electrons is much smaller than that of photons (2.5 pm at 200 keV). Thus if electron wave is used to illuminate the sample, the resolution of an electron microscope theoretically becomes unlimited. Practically, the resolution is limited to ~0.1 nm due to the objective lens system in electron microscopes. Thus, electron microscopy can resolve subcellular structures that could not be visualized using standard fluorescences microscopy.Q. Why electron as wave is used in electron microscope to illuminate the sample?

View answer

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same:Electron Microscope Electron microscopes use electrons to illuminate a sample. In Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), electrons pass through the sample and illuminate film or a digital camera.Resolution in microscopy is limited to about half of the wavelength of the illumination source used to image the sample. Using visible light the best resolution that can be achieved by microscopes is about ~200 nm. Louis de Broglie showed that every particle or matter propagates like a wave. The wavelength of propagating electrons at a given accelerating voltage can be determined byThus, the wavelength of electrons is calculated to be 3.88 pm when the microscope is operated at 100 keV, 2. 74 pm at 200 keV and 2.24 pm at 300 keV. However, because the velocities of electrons in an electron microscope reach about 70% the speed of light with an accelerating voltage of 200 keV, there are relativistic effects on these electrons. Due to this effect, the wavelength at 100 keV, 200 keV and 300 keV in electron microscopes is 3.70 pm, 2.51 pm and 1.96 pm, respectively.Anyhow, the wavelength of electrons is much smaller than that of photons (2.5 pm at 200 keV). Thus if electron wave is used to illuminate the sample, the resolution of an electron microscope theoretically becomes unlimited. Practically, the resolution is limited to ~0.1 nm due to the objective lens system in electron microscopes. Thus, electron microscopy can resolve subcellular structures that could not be visualized using standard fluorescences microscopy.Q. In electron microscope, electron is used

View answer

The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Share with a Friend

Answer this doubt

Question Description
The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for Class 12 2024 is part of Class 12 preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Class 12 exam syllabus. Information about The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Class 12 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.

Solutions for The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for Class 12. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for Class 12 Exam by signing up for free.

Here you can find the meaning of The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice The replacement of chlorine of chlorobenzene to give phenol requires drastic conditions, but the chlorine of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is readily replaced since, [1997]a)nitro groups make the aromatic ring electron rich at ortho/para positionsb)nitro groups withdraw electrons from the meta position of the aromatic ringc)n itr o groups don ate electr on s at meta positiond)nitro groups withdraw electrons from ortho/ para positions of the aromatic ringCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice Class 12 tests.

Explore Courses for Class 12 exam