Because they are non biodegradable and when they mixes with the soil it losses the soil fertility

Non-biodegradable and harmful nature of polythene and plastics

Polythene and plastics are synthetic materials that are widely used in our daily lives due to their durability, flexibility, and low cost. However, they pose a significant threat to the environment and living organisms due to their non-biodegradable and harmful nature.

1. Non-biodegradable nature:
- Polythene and plastics are composed of long chains of polymers that are resistant to natural degradation processes.
- Unlike organic materials such as paper or wood, which can be broken down by microorganisms, polythene and plastics do not decompose easily.
- As a result, they persist in the environment for hundreds of years, leading to the accumulation of plastic waste in landfills, oceans, and other natural habitats.

2. Environmental impact:
- Plastics and polythene waste, when improperly disposed of, end up in landfills or find their way into water bodies.
- These materials release harmful chemicals into the soil and water, leading to pollution and the destruction of ecosystems.
- Plastic waste can also entangle and suffocate marine animals, causing injury or death. Additionally, marine animals may mistake plastic debris for food, leading to ingestion and subsequent health issues.

3. Microplastics:
- When plastics and polythene degrade under sunlight, heat, or mechanical action, they break down into smaller fragments called microplastics.
- Microplastics are tiny particles that can range in size from a few millimeters to microscopic dimensions.
- These particles are so small that they can be easily ingested by marine organisms and can enter the food chain, ultimately affecting human health.

4. Chemical leaching:
- Plastics and polythene can release toxic chemicals into the environment over time.
- When exposed to heat or sunlight, plastic containers may release harmful substances like bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, which can have adverse effects on human health.

5. Visual pollution:
- Plastic waste is a major contributor to visual pollution, especially in urban areas.
- Plastic bags, bottles, and other discarded plastic items litter streets, parks, and other public spaces, diminishing the aesthetic appeal of the environment.

In conclusion, polythene and plastics are non-biodegradable materials that have a detrimental impact on the environment. Their persistence, along with the release of harmful chemicals and the formation of microplastics, poses serious threats to ecosystems, wildlife, and human health. It is essential to reduce plastic consumption, promote recycling, and adopt sustainable alternatives to mitigate these harmful effects.