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Can you explain why twelve molecules of water as substrate are used in equation of photosynthesis?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Can you explain why twelve molecules of water as substrate are used in...
Introduction:
Photosynthesis is an essential process for the survival of plants and other organisms. It is a process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds like glucose. The equation for photosynthesis is generally represented as follows:

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2

The Role of Water in Photosynthesis:
Water is one of the important reactants in the photosynthesis equation. It is used as a source of electrons, which are required during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. During these reactions, light energy is absorbed by pigments like chlorophyll, and the energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons. The oxygen is released into the atmosphere, while the hydrogen ions and electrons are used to produce ATP and NADPH, which are used during the light-independent reactions.

Why Twelve Molecules of Water?
In the photosynthesis equation, twelve molecules of water are used as substrates. This is because, during the light-dependent reactions, each molecule of water is split into two hydrogen ions, two electrons, and one molecule of oxygen. Since the reaction requires six molecules of water to produce one molecule of glucose, it implies that twelve molecules of water are needed to produce six molecules of oxygen and twelve hydrogen ions and electrons.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, water is an essential substrate in the process of photosynthesis. It is used as a source of electrons during the light-dependent reactions, and the twelve molecules of water used in the equation provide the necessary number of electrons and hydrogen ions to produce the ATP and NADPH required for the light-independent reactions.
Community Answer
Can you explain why twelve molecules of water as substrate are used in...
The process of photosynthesis for the fixation of 6 carbon dioxide molecules will always release 6 oxygen molecules and as we know that the oxygen is evolved from water, therefore for the evolution of 6 molecules of oxygen we definitely require 12 molecules of water.
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Attempt All sub parts from each question.Molecular Perspective In water, there are two types of molecules. Some molecules are at the surface, called exterior molecules, and some molecules are inside, called interior molecules. The interior molecules are attracted to all the molecules around them. The exterior molecules are attracted to only the other surface molecules and to those below the surface. So that the energy state of the molecules on the interior is much lower than that of the molecules on the exterior. The molecules always try to maintain a lower energy state and hence the exterior molecules experience a downward force. This force is known as cohesive force. As a result they try to maintain a minimum surface area, thus allowing more molecules to have a lower energy state. Thus surface tension is created. The water molecules attract one another due to the water molecule’s polar property. The hydrogen ends, which are positive in comparison to the negative ends of the oxygen, cause water to "stick " together. This is why there is surface tension. Water has very high surface tension. It is 72.8 milli newton per meter at 20°C.Q. The water molecules attract one another due to the water molecule’s

Attempt All sub parts from each question.Molecular Perspective In water, there are two types of molecules. Some molecules are at the surface, called exterior molecules, and some molecules are inside, called interior molecules. The interior molecules are attracted to all the molecules around them. The exterior molecules are attracted to only the other surface molecules and to those below the surface. So that the energy state of the molecules on the interior is much lower than that of the molecules on the exterior. The molecules always try to maintain a lower energy state and hence the exterior molecules experience a downward force. This force is known as cohesive force. As a result they try to maintain a minimum surface area, thus allowing more molecules to have a lower energy state. Thus surface tension is created. The water molecules attract one another due to the water molecule’s polar property. The hydrogen ends, which are positive in comparison to the negative ends of the oxygen, cause water to "stick " together. This is why there is surface tension. Water has very high surface tension. It is 72.8 milli newton per meter at 20°C.Q. Surface tension of water is

Attempt All sub parts from each question.Molecular Perspective In water, there are two types of molecules. Some molecules are at the surface, called exterior molecules, and some molecules are inside, called interior molecules. The interior molecules are attracted to all the molecules around them. The exterior molecules are attracted to only the other surface molecules and to those below the surface. So that the energy state of the molecules on the interior is much lower than that of the molecules on the exterior. The molecules always try to maintain a lower energy state and hence the exterior molecules experience a downward force. This force is known as cohesive force. As a result they try to maintain a minimum surface area, thus allowing more molecules to have a lower energy state. Thus surface tension is created. The water molecules attract one another due to the water molecule’s polar property. The hydrogen ends, which are positive in comparison to the negative ends of the oxygen, cause water to "stick " together. This is why there is surface tension. Water has very high surface tension. It is 72.8 milli newton per meter at 20°C.Q. The energy state of the interior molecules of a fluid is

Attempt All sub parts from each question.Molecular Perspective In water, there are two types of molecules. Some molecules are at the surface, called exterior molecules, and some molecules are inside, called interior molecules. The interior molecules are attracted to all the molecules around them. The exterior molecules are attracted to only the other surface molecules and to those below the surface. So that the energy state of the molecules on the interior is much lower than that of the molecules on the exterior. The molecules always try to maintain a lower energy state and hence the exterior molecules experience a downward force. This force is known as cohesive force. As a result they try to maintain a minimum surface area, thus allowing more molecules to have a lower energy state. Thus surface tension is created. The water molecules attract one another due to the water molecule’s polar property. The hydrogen ends, which are positive in comparison to the negative ends of the oxygen, cause water to "stick " together. This is why there is surface tension. Water has very high surface tension. It is 72.8 milli newton per meter at 20°C.Q. The tendency of water to maintain .............. surface area is known as surface tension.

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Can you explain why twelve molecules of water as substrate are used in equation of photosynthesis?
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