Peoples Struggle for Democracy in Nepal

In Nepal, the peoples' struggle for democracy began in 1990.

Background
Nepal was ruled by an absolute monarchy for more than 200 years. King Birendra, who came to power in 1972, was considered more liberal than his predecessors. However, he faced opposition from various political parties and groups that demanded a constitutional monarchy and democratic reforms.

Peoples' Movement of 1990
In April 1990, the peoples' movement in Nepal gained momentum, and thousands of people took to the streets demanding democracy and political reforms. The movement was led by the Nepali Congress, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), and other political parties.

The king responded to the peoples' movement by lifting the ban on political parties and releasing political prisoners. He also agreed to hold elections for a new parliament to draft a new constitution.

Establishment of Democracy
In May 1991, Nepal held its first democratic elections, and the Nepali Congress won a majority of seats in the parliament. Girija Prasad Koirala became the Prime Minister, and Nepal established a constitutional monarchy.

However, the Nepali Congress government was unable to tackle the Maoist insurgency that began in 1996. The insurgency lasted for ten years and resulted in the death of more than 13,000 people.

In 2008, Nepal abolished its monarchy and became a federal democratic republic. The Maoists also joined the political mainstream and formed a government in 2008.

Conclusion
The peoples' struggle for democracy in Nepal began in 1990 and resulted in the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. However, Nepal faced several challenges in its democratic journey, including the Maoist insurgency. Nepal abolished its monarchy in 2008 and became a federal democratic republic.