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Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]
- a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzene
- b)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzene
- c)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzene
- d)1, 2 - Dinitrobenzene
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms...
The reaction of nitrobenzene with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at 80 - 100 degrees Celsius is known as nitration. This reaction is an important step in the synthesis of various aromatic compounds.
During nitration, the nitro group (-NO2) is introduced into the benzene ring of nitrobenzene. The reaction proceeds as follows:
1. Nitric acid acts as a nitrating agent and reacts with sulfuric acid to form nitronium ion (NO2+):
HNO3 + H2SO4 ⟶ NO2+ + HSO4- + H2O
2. The nitronium ion attacks the electron-rich benzene ring of nitrobenzene, leading to the substitution of one of the hydrogen atoms with the nitro group:
NO2+ + C6H5H ⟶ C6H5NO2 + H+
The reaction is typically carried out in a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid called mixed acid. Sulfuric acid serves as a catalyst and also helps in the formation of the nitronium ion.
It is important to note that nitration is an exothermic reaction and requires careful control of the reaction temperature to prevent overheating or explosion. The reaction is typically conducted in a well-ventilated fume hood due to the release of toxic gases, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
After the nitration reaction, the product, nitrobenzene, can be further modified to synthesize a wide range of compounds, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and explosives.
During nitration, the nitro group (-NO2) is introduced into the benzene ring of nitrobenzene. The reaction proceeds as follows:
1. Nitric acid acts as a nitrating agent and reacts with sulfuric acid to form nitronium ion (NO2+):
HNO3 + H2SO4 ⟶ NO2+ + HSO4- + H2O
2. The nitronium ion attacks the electron-rich benzene ring of nitrobenzene, leading to the substitution of one of the hydrogen atoms with the nitro group:
NO2+ + C6H5H ⟶ C6H5NO2 + H+
The reaction is typically carried out in a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid called mixed acid. Sulfuric acid serves as a catalyst and also helps in the formation of the nitronium ion.
It is important to note that nitration is an exothermic reaction and requires careful control of the reaction temperature to prevent overheating or explosion. The reaction is typically conducted in a well-ventilated fume hood due to the release of toxic gases, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
After the nitration reaction, the product, nitrobenzene, can be further modified to synthesize a wide range of compounds, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and explosives.
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Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzeneb)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzenec)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzened)1, 2 - DinitrobenzeneCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzeneb)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzenec)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzened)1, 2 - DinitrobenzeneCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for Class 12 2024 is part of Class 12 preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Class 12 exam syllabus. Information about Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzeneb)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzenec)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzened)1, 2 - DinitrobenzeneCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Class 12 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzeneb)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzenec)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzened)1, 2 - DinitrobenzeneCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzeneb)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzenec)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzened)1, 2 - DinitrobenzeneCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for Class 12 2024 is part of Class 12 preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Class 12 exam syllabus. Information about Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzeneb)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzenec)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzened)1, 2 - DinitrobenzeneCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Class 12 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Nitrobenzene on reaction with conc. HNO3/H2SO4 at 80 - 100°C forms which one of thefollowing products ? [NEET 2013]a)1, 3 - Dinitrobenzeneb)1, 4 - Dinitrobenzenec)1, 2, 4 - Trinitrobenzened)1, 2 - DinitrobenzeneCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
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