A female gamete carries one X chromosome.

Explanation:
A gamete is a reproductive cell that carries half the number of chromosomes required for the formation of a new individual. In humans, the gametes are sperm and eggs.

The female gamete, which is the egg or ovum, carries one X chromosome. This is because females have two X chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. During the process of egg formation, called oogenesis, the female reproductive cells undergo meiosis. Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in half. In this process, the two X chromosomes in the female reproductive cells pair up and exchange genetic material. Then, during the first meiotic division, the paired X chromosomes separate, resulting in two cells, each carrying one X chromosome.

One of these cells, called the secondary oocyte, receives most of the cytoplasm and develops into the mature egg. This secondary oocyte carries one X chromosome. If fertilization occurs, and the egg is fertilized by a sperm carrying an X chromosome, the resulting offspring will have two X chromosomes and will be female.

It is important to note that males have one X and one Y chromosome in their gametes. During fertilization, if the sperm carrying the Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the resulting offspring will have one X and one Y chromosome, making them male.

In summary, a female gamete carries one X chromosome, and this determines the sex of the offspring when fertilized by a sperm carrying either an X or a Y chromosome.