Statement A: An object moving at a speed greater than that of a sound ...
An object moving at a speed greater than that of sound is moving with supersonic speed and not ultrasonic speed.
Wave motion transfers energy from one point to another, which displace particles of the transmission medium–that is, with little or no associated mass transport. Waves consist, instead, of oscillations or vibrations (of a physical quantity), around almost fixed locations.
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Statement A: An object moving at a speed greater than that of a sound ...
Statement A: An object moving at a speed greater than that of sound is moving at ultrasonic speed.
Statement A is false. Ultrasonic speed refers to the speed of sound waves that is higher than the range of human hearing, typically above 20,000 Hz. The speed of sound in air is approximately 343 meters per second at room temperature. So, any object moving at a speed greater than the speed of sound is said to be moving at supersonic speed, not ultrasonic speed.
Statement B: In a wave motion, only energy is transferred.
Statement B is true. In a wave motion, energy is transferred from one point to another, but the particles of the medium through which the wave is traveling do not move with the wave. This is known as the transfer of energy without the transfer of matter. Waves can be categorized into mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves.
- Mechanical waves: These waves require a medium to propagate, such as sound waves or water waves. In these waves, the particles of the medium vibrate back and forth, but they do not travel with the wave. As the wave passes through the medium, the energy is transferred from one particle to the next, causing a wave-like motion.
- Electromagnetic waves: These waves do not require a medium and can propagate through vacuum. Examples of electromagnetic waves include light waves, radio waves, and X-rays. In these waves, energy is transferred through oscillating electric and magnetic fields. The particles of the medium do not move with the wave.
In both types of waves, only energy is transferred from one point to another. The particles of the medium may experience oscillations or vibrations, but they do not move along with the wave. This is why statement B is true.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D: Statement B.
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