Application of a forward bias to a p–n junction[2005]a)widens th...
Number of donor s is more because
electrons from –ve terminal of the cell
pushes (enters) the n side and decreases
the number of uncompensated pentavalent
ion due to which potential barrier is
reduced. The neutralised pentavalent atom
are again in position to donate electrons.
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Application of a forward bias to a p–n junction[2005]a)widens th...
In the context of electronics, applying a forward bias refers to the process of connecting the positive terminal of a voltage source to the P-type region of a diode, while the negative terminal is connected to the N-type region. This causes the diode to conduct current and allows for various applications. Here are a few examples:
1. Rectification: One of the main applications of forward biasing a diode is in rectification, where an alternating current (AC) signal is converted into a direct current (DC) signal. By applying a forward bias to a diode, it allows the positive half-cycles of the AC signal to flow through the diode, while blocking the negative half-cycles. This results in a pulsating DC signal.
2. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs): Forward biasing an LED allows it to emit light. When a forward voltage is applied to the LED, electrons and holes recombine in the P-N junction, causing the release of energy in the form of light. The color of the emitted light depends on the materials used in the diode.
3. Photodiodes: Forward biasing a photodiode allows it to work as a light detector. When light falls on the P-N junction of the photodiode, it generates electron-hole pairs. The forward bias helps in faster collection of these electron-hole pairs, resulting in a current flow that is proportional to the intensity of the incident light.
4. Solar cells: Solar cells are essentially large-area photodiodes. By forward biasing a solar cell, it allows for the collection of the electron-hole pairs generated by incident light, resulting in a flow of current. This current can be used to power various electronic devices or stored in batteries for later use.
5. Amplification: In certain applications, a forward bias is applied to a diode to achieve amplification. This is done by operating the diode in its forward bias region, where it exhibits non-linear characteristics. By utilizing these non-linear characteristics, the diode can be used as a nonlinear amplifier in specific circuits.
Overall, the application of a forward bias to a diode allows for a wide range of electronic applications, including rectification, light emission, light detection, energy conversion, and amplification.