Design of Deep Beams

Deep beams are those beams which have a small span to depth ratio. The span to depth ratio is usually less than 2:1. The depth of deep beams is usually greater than 750mm. These beams are also called as shear walls, transfer girders or box girders.

Design of deep beams is different from the design of normal beams due to their unique behavior. The stress distribution in deep beams is different from that of normal beams. The stress distribution in deep beams is more complex and non-linear as compared to normal beams.

Deep beams are designed for both shear force and bending moment. The design of deep beams is done by using strut and tie method. The design process involves the following steps:

1. Determination of factored loads and moments
The factored loads and moments are determined based on the service load conditions and the design codes.

2. Determination of critical sections
The critical sections are identified based on the location of maximum shear and bending moment.

3. Design of struts and ties
The struts and ties are designed based on the stress distribution in the beam. The struts and ties are designed to resist the shear force and bending moment.

4. Design of reinforcement
The reinforcement is designed based on the forces and moments in the struts and ties. The reinforcement is arranged in such a way that it can resist the forces and moments in the struts and ties.

5. Check for deflection and cracking
The deflection and cracking of the deep beam are checked based on the serviceability requirements.

Conclusion
In conclusion, deep beams are designed for both shear force and bending moment. The design of deep beams is done by using strut and tie method. The design process involves the determination of factored loads and moments, determination of critical sections, design of struts and ties, design of reinforcement and check for deflection and cracking.

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