The Type of Courts Established under the New System of Justice

The new system of justice has introduced several types of courts to ensure a fair and efficient legal process. These courts are designed to handle specific types of cases and provide specialized expertise. Let's explore the different types of courts established under the new system and their functions:

1. Supreme Court:
The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in the country. Its primary function is to interpret the constitution and ensure the protection of constitutional rights. The Supreme Court hears appeals from lower courts and has the power to make final decisions on important legal issues.

2. High Courts:
High Courts are established at the state or provincial level and serve as the highest judicial bodies within their respective jurisdictions. They have the authority to hear appeals from lower courts, as well as original jurisdiction over certain types of cases. High Courts play a crucial role in the administration of justice at the regional level.

3. District Courts:
District Courts are the primary trial courts in the new system of justice. They have jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases within a specific geographical area. District Courts handle a wide range of cases, including civil disputes, family matters, and criminal offenses. These courts are typically divided into different divisions, such as civil, criminal, and family courts, to efficiently manage the workload.

4. Specialized Courts:
The new system of justice also establishes specialized courts to handle specific types of cases. These courts are created to provide expertise and streamline the legal process for specialized areas of law. Some examples of specialized courts include:

- Family Courts: These courts deal with matters related to family law, such as divorce, child custody, and domestic violence.
- Commercial Courts: Commercial courts focus on resolving commercial disputes, including contract disputes, business transactions, and intellectual property rights.
- Labor Courts: Labor courts handle cases related to labor and employment law, including disputes between employers and employees, wage claims, and unfair labor practices.
- Environmental Courts: These courts address cases related to environmental laws, pollution, and conservation of natural resources.

5. Appellate Courts:
Appellate Courts are responsible for hearing appeals from lower courts. These courts review the decisions made by lower courts to ensure they were made correctly and in accordance with the law. Appellate Courts have the power to overturn or modify the decisions of lower courts based on the merits of the case and the interpretation of the law.

In conclusion, the new system of justice establishes a hierarchy of courts to handle different types of cases and ensure justice is served. From the Supreme Court to specialized courts, each court plays a vital role in the legal system, providing access to justice and upholding the rule of law.

Civil court and criminal court